why in olm math is asked the most

anglisht

Đ ặ t   x = a 3 y = b 3 z = c 3 ,   v ì   x , y , z > 0 x y z = 1 = > a , b , c > 0 a b c = 1

Ta có:  x + y + 1 = a 3 + b 3 + 1 = ( a + b ) ( a 2 − a b + b 2 ) + 1 ≥ ( a + b ) a b + 1 = a b ( a + b + c ) = a + b + c c

Do đó:  1 x + y + 1 ≤ c a + b + c

Tương tự ta có:  1 y + z + 1 ≤ a a + b + c 1 z + x + 1 ≤ b a + b + c

Cộng 3 bất đẳng thức trên theo vế ta có đpcm

Ta có: \(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}=1\)

+) TH1: x + y + z = 0 => x + y = -z ; x + z = -y; y + z = -x

Do đó: \(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}=\frac{x}{-x}+\frac{y}{-y}=\frac{z}{-z}=-3\)\(\ne1\)loại

+) TH2: x + y + z \(\ne0\)

\(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}=1\)

<=> \(\frac{x\left(x+y+z\right)}{y+z}+\frac{y\left(x+y+z\right)}{z+x}+\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y}=x+y+z\)

<=> \(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+x+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+y+\frac{z^2}{x+y}+z=x+y+z\)

<=> \(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}=0\)( đpcm)

(x+y+z)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2

=>2(xy+yz+xz)=0

=>xy+xz+yz=0

=>xy/xyz+xz/xyz+yz/xyz=0

=>1/x+1/y+1/z=0

+) Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 4 số dương x; x; y; z ta có:

\(x+x+y+z\ge4\sqrt[4]{x.x.y.z}\)

=> 2x + y + z \(\ge4\sqrt[4]{x.x.y.z}\)                  (1)

Với 4 số dương \(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\) ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge4.\sqrt[4]{\frac{1}{x}.\frac{1}{x}.\frac{1}{y}.\frac{1}{z}}\)    (2)

Từ (1)(2) => \(\left(2x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge4.\sqrt[4]{x.x.y.z}4.\sqrt[4]{\frac{1}{x}.\frac{1}{x}.\frac{1}{y}.\frac{1}{z}}=16\)

=> \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}.\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\) (*)

Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}.\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)   (**)

\(\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{16}.\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{2}{z}\right)\)                           (***)

Từ (*)(**)(***) => Vế trái \(\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x}+\frac{4}{y}+\frac{4}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.4=1\)

=> đpcm

+) Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 4 số dương x; x; y; z ta có:

x+x+y+z≥44√x.x.y.z

=> 2x + y + z ≥44√x.x.y.z                  (1)

Với 4 số dương 1x ;1x ;1y ;1z  ta có: 1x +1x +1y +1z ≥4.4√1x .1x .1y .1z     (2)

Từ (1)(2) => (2x+y+z)(1x +1x +1y +1z )≥4.4√x.x.y.z4.4√1x .1x .1y .1z =16

=> 12x+y+z ≤116 .(2x +1y +1z ) (*)

Tương tự, ta có: 1x+2y+z ≤116 .(1x +2y +1z )   (**)

1x+y+2z ≤116 .(1x +1y +2z )                           (***)

Từ (*)(**)(***) => Vế trái ≤116 (4x +4y +4z )=14 .(1x +1y +1z )=14 .4=1

=> đpcm

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=a\\y+z=b\\x+z=c\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a+b+c=2\)

\(bdt\Leftrightarrow a+b\ge4abc\)

Ta có: \(4VT=4\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge4c\left(a+b\right)^2\ge16abc=4VP\)

Vậy bđt đc cm

Áp dụng BĐT BSC và BĐT Cosi:

\(17\left(x+y+z\right)+2\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)

\(\ge17\left(x+y+z\right)+\dfrac{2.\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)

\(=17\left(x+y+z\right)+\dfrac{18}{x+y+z}\)

\(=17\left(x+y+z\right)+\dfrac{17}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)

\(\ge2\sqrt{17\left(x+y+z\right).\dfrac{17}{x+y+z}}+\dfrac{1}{1}\)

\(=35\)

\(\Rightarrow17\left(x+y+z\right)+2\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge35\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(17x+\dfrac{17}{9x}\ge\dfrac{34}{3}\)

tương tự.....

suy ra 

\(17\left(x+y+z\right)+\dfrac{17}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{34}{3}.3=34\)

lại có 

\(\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}.\dfrac{1}{9}=1\)

nên

\(17\left(x+y+z\right)+\dfrac{17}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=17\left(x+y+z\right)+2\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge35\)

Có VT = \(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-\dfrac{2}{xy}-\dfrac{2}{yz}-\dfrac{2}{zx}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-\dfrac{2}{xyz}\left(x+y+z\right)}\) 

\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}=\left|\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right|=VP\) (Vì x + y + z = 0)