a) Ta có: (5x-1)(x-3)<0

nên 5x-1 và x-3 trái dấu

Trường hợp 1:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-1>0\\x-3< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>\dfrac{1}{5}\\x< 3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{5}< x< 3\)

Trường hợp 2:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-1< 0\\x-3>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< \dfrac{1}{5}\\x>3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow loại\)

Vậy: S={x|\(\dfrac{1}{5}< x< 3\)}

1) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=10\\5x-3y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10x+5y=50\\10x-6y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11y=44\\2x+y=10\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=4\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy hpt có nghiệm (x;y) = (3;4)

2)

a) 3x² - 2x - 1 = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-3x+x-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy pt có nghiệm x = 1 hoặc x = 3

b) Đặt x² = t (t \(\ge\) 0)

Pt trở thành: t² - 20t + 4 = 0

\(\Delta\) = (-20)² - 4.1.4 = 400 - 16 = 384

=> pt có 2 nghiệm phân biệt t₁ = \(\dfrac{20+8\sqrt{6}}{2}=10+4\sqrt{6}\)

t₂ = \(\dfrac{20-8\sqrt{6}}{2}=10-4\sqrt{6}\)

=> x₁ = \(\sqrt{10+4\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{6}\right)^2}=2+\sqrt{6}\)

x₂ = \(2-\sqrt{6}\)

Bài 1:

a. 

$(4x^2+4x+1)-x^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x+1)^2-x^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x+1-x)(2x+1+x)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+1)(3x+1)=0$

$\Rightarrow x+1=0$ hoặc $3x+1=0$

$\Rightarrow x=-1$ hoặc $x=-\frac{1}{3}$

b.

$x^2-2x+1=4$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2=2^2$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2-2^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1-2)(x-1+2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-3)(x+1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-3=0$ hoặc $x+1=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=3$ hoặc $x=-1$

c.

$x^2-5x+6=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x^2-2x)-(3x-6)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x(x-2)-3(x-2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x-3)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-2=0$ hoặc $x-3=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ hoặc $x=3$

2c.

ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 0$

PT $\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{6}{x}=x+\frac{3}{2}$

$\Leftrightarrow -\frac{6}{x}=\frac{3}{2}$

$\Leftrightarrow x=-4$ (tm)

2d.

ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 2$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \frac{1+3(x-2)}{x-2}=\frac{3-x}{x-2}$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{3x-5}{x-2}=\frac{3-x}{x-2}$

$\Rightarrow 3x-5=3-x$

$\Leftrightarrow 4x=8$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ (không tm) 

Vậy pt vô nghiệm.

2f.

ĐKXĐ: $x\neq \pm 2$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \frac{(x-2)^2-3(x+2)}{(x+2)(x-2)}=\frac{2(x-11)}{(x-2)(x+2)}$

$\Rightarrow (x-2)^2-3(x+2)=2(x-11)$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4-3x-6=2x-22$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x-2=2x-22$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2-9x+20=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(x-5)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-4=0$ hoặc $x-5=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=4$ hoặc $x=5$ (tm)

câu f là 9+3x hay 9-3x vậy???

a) 

$2x+6=0$

$2x=-6$

$x=-3$

b) $4x+20=0$

$4x=-20$

$x=-5$

c) 

$2(x-1)=5x-7$

$2x-2=5x-7$

$3x=5$

$x=\frac{5}{3}$

d) $2x-3=0$

$2x=3$

$x=\frac{3}{2}$

e) 

$3x-1=x+3$

$2x=4$

$x=2$

f) 

$15-7x=9-3x$

$6=4x$

$x=\frac{3}{2}$

g) $x-3=18$

$x=18+3=21$

h) 

$2x+1=15-5x$

$7x=14$

$x=2$

a: =>3x^2-3x-2x+2=0

=>(x-1)(3x-2)=0

=>x=2/3 hoặc x=1

b: =>2x^2=11

=>x^2=11/2

=>\(x=\pm\dfrac{\sqrt{22}}{2}\)

c: Δ=5^2-4*1*7=25-28=-3<0

=>PTVN

f: =>6x^4-6x^2-x^2+1=0

=>(x^2-1)(6x^2-1)=0

=>x^2=1 hoặc x^2=1/6

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm1\\x=\pm\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)

d: =>(5-2x)(5+2x)=0

=>x=5/2 hoặc x=-5/2

e: =>4x^2+4x+1=x^2-x+9 và x>=-1/2

=>3x^2+5x-8=0 và x>=-1/2

=>3x^2+8x-3x-8=0 và x>=-1/2

=>(3x+8)(x-1)=0 và x>=-1/2

=>x=1

\(a,\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,\left(x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(d,\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(4x+4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\4x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\4\left(x+1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(e,\left(x-4\right)\left(5x-10\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-4=0\\5x-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(f,\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x+6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\3x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

`a,(x-1)(x+2)=0`

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

`b,(x -2)(x -5)=0`

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

`c,(x +3)(x -5)=0`

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

`d,(x + 1/2)(4x + 4)=0`

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\4x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\4x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

`e,(x -4)(5x -10)=0`

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-4=0\\5x-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\5x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

`f,(2x -1)(3x +6)=0`

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\3x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=1\\3x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

`g,(2,3x -6,9)(0,1x -2)=0`

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2,3x-6,9=0\\0,1x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2,3x=6,9\\0,1x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=20\end{matrix}\right.\)

a.(x - 1)(x + 2)= 0

<=> x-1=0 hoặc x+2=0

<=> x=1 hoặc x=-2

b.(x -2)(x -5)=0

<=> x-2=0 hoặc x-5=0

<=> x=2 hoặc x=5

c.(x +3)(x -5)=0

<=> x+3=0 hoặc x-5=0

<=> x=-3 hoặc x=5

d.(x + 1/2)(4x + 4)=0

<=> x+1/2=0 hoặc 4x+4=0

<=> x=-1/2 hoặc x=-1

e.(x -4)(5x -10)=0

<=> x-4=0 hoặc 5x-10=0

<=> x=4 hoặc x=2

f.(2x -1)(3x +6)=0

<=> 2x-1=0 hoặc 3x+6=0

<=> x=1/2 hoặc x=-2

g.(2,3x -6,9)(0,1x -2)=0

<=> 2,3x-6,9=0 hoặc 0,1x-2=0

<=> x=3 hoặc x=20

`=>` Phương trình chứa ẩn ở mẫu

*vn:vô nghiệm.

a. \(\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2=0\\x^2+x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{2}\right)=0\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{2}\)

-Vậy \(S=\left\{\pm\sqrt{2}\right\}\).

b. \(16x^2-8x+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-8x+1+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x-1\right)^2+4=0\) (vô lí)

-Vậy S=∅.

c. \(2x^3-x^2-8x+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(2x-1\right)-4\left(2x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\pm2\end{matrix}\right.\)

-Vậy \(S=\left\{\dfrac{1}{2};\pm2\right\}\).

d. \(3x^3+6x^2-75x-150=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2\left(x+2\right)-75\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-25\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\pm5\end{matrix}\right.\)

-Vậy \(S=\left\{-2;\pm5\right\}\)