1.

Từ đường tròn lượng giác ta thấy pt đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất thuộc \(\left[-\frac{\pi}{2};\frac{\pi}{3}\right]\) khi và chỉ khi:

\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2m=1\\0\le2m< \frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=\frac{1}{2}\\0\le m< \frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

2.

\(\Leftrightarrow3x-\frac{\pi}{3}=x+\frac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{7\pi}{24}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\)

\(-\pi< \frac{7\pi}{24}+\frac{k\pi}{2}< \pi\Rightarrow-\frac{31}{12}< k< \frac{17}{12}\)

\(\Rightarrow k=\left\{-2;-1;0;1\right\}\) có 4 nghiệm

3.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\2x+\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\pi}{6}+k\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) có 4 điểm biểu diễn

1.

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-\frac{\pi}{4}=x+\frac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{7\pi}{12}+k\pi\)

\(-\pi< \frac{7\pi}{12}+k\pi< \pi\Rightarrow-\frac{19}{12}< k< \frac{5}{12}\Rightarrow k=\left\{-1;0\right\}\) có 2 nghiệm

\(x=\left\{-\frac{5\pi}{12};\frac{7\pi}{12}\right\}\)

2.

\(\Leftrightarrow3x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{5\pi}{18}+\frac{k\pi}{3}\)

Nghiệm âm lớn nhất là \(x=-\frac{\pi}{18}\) khi \(k=-1\)

3.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{3\pi}{4}=\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x-\frac{3\pi}{4}=\frac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{13\pi}{12}+k2\pi\\x=\frac{17\pi}{12}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nghiệm âm lớn nhất \(x=-\frac{7\pi}{12}\) ; nghiệm dương nhỏ nhất \(x=\frac{13\pi}{12}\)

Tổng nghiệm: \(\frac{\pi}{2}\)

Câu 3 sai đề hả bạn

a)     \(\sin \left( {2x - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right) =  - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x - \frac{\pi }{3} =  - \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\2x - \frac{\pi }{3} = \pi  + \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x = k2\pi \\2x = \frac{{5\pi }}{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = k\pi \\x = \frac{{5\pi }}{6} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

Vậy phương trình có nghiệm là: \(x \in \left\{ {k\pi ;\frac{{5\pi }}{6} + k\pi } \right\}\)

b)     \(\sin \left( {3x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) =  - \frac{1}{2}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}3x + \frac{\pi }{4} =  - \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \\3x + \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{{7\pi }}{6} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}3x =  - \frac{{5\pi }}{{12}} + k2\pi \\3x = \frac{{11\pi }}{{12}} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x =  - \frac{{5\pi }}{{36}} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{3}\\x = \frac{{11\pi }}{{36}} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

c)     \(\cos \left( {\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \\\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4} =  - \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\frac{x}{2} =  - \frac{\pi }{{12}} + k2\pi \\\frac{x}{2} =  - \frac{{5\pi }}{{12}} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x =  - \frac{\pi }{6} + k4\pi \\x =  - \frac{{5\pi }}{6} + k4\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

d)     \(2\cos 3x + 5 = 3\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \cos 3x =  - 1\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}3x = \pi  + k2\pi \\3x =  - \pi  + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{3}\\x = \frac{{ - \pi }}{3} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\,\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

e)      

\(\begin{array}{l}3\tan x =  - \sqrt 3 \\ \Leftrightarrow \tan x = \frac{{ - \sqrt 3 }}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow \tan x = \tan \left( { - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x =  - \frac{\pi }{6} + k\pi \end{array}\)

g)

\(\begin{array}{l}\cot x - 3 = \sqrt 3 \left( {1 - \cot x} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \cot x - 3 = \sqrt 3  - \sqrt 3 \cot x\\ \Leftrightarrow \cot x + \sqrt 3 \cot x = \sqrt 3  + 3\\ \Leftrightarrow (1 + \sqrt 3 )\cot x = \sqrt 3  + 3\\ \Leftrightarrow \cot x = \sqrt 3 \\ \Leftrightarrow \cot x = \cot \frac{\pi }{6}\\ \Leftrightarrow x = \frac{\pi }{6} + k\pi \end{array}\)

Ta có

\(\begin{array}{l}\sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{4}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x + \frac{\pi }{4}{\rm{ }} = {\rm{ }}\frac{\pi }{4} + k2\pi ;k \in Z\\x + \frac{\pi }{4}{\rm{ }} = {\rm{ }}\pi {\rm{ - }}\frac{\pi }{4} + k2\pi ;k \in Z\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = {\rm{ }}k2\pi ;k \in Z\\x{\rm{ }} = {\rm{ }}\frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi ;k \in Z\end{array} \right.\end{array}\)

Mà \(x \in \left[ {0;\pi } \right]\) nên \(x \in \left\{ {0;\frac{\pi }{2}} \right\}\)

Vậy phương trình đã cho có số nghiệm là 2.

Chọn C