a/

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sin^2\frac{x}{3}+cos^2\frac{x}{3}\right)^2-2sin^2\frac{x}{3}.cos^2\frac{x}{3}=\frac{5}{8}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{2}sin^2\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{5}{8}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{4}\left(1-cos\frac{4x}{3}\right)=\frac{5}{8}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\frac{4x}{3}=-\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4x}{3}=\pm\frac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\frac{\pi}{2}+\frac{k3\pi}{2}\)

b/

\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^2-8sin^2x.cos^2x+\sqrt{3}sin4x=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4-8sin^2x.cos^2x+\sqrt{3}sin4x=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2sin^22x+\sqrt{3}sin4x=-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos4x+\sqrt{3}sin4x=-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin4x+\frac{1}{2}cos4x=-\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(4x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=-\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x+\frac{\pi}{6}=-\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\4x+\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{7\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\pi}{12}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\\x=\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c/

\(\left(\frac{1+cos2x}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1-cos2x}{2}\right)^3=cos2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-cos^32x+5cos^22x-7cos2x+3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3-cos2x\right)\left(cos2x-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=k\pi\)

d/

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^3-3sin^2x.cos^2x\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)=cos4x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{3}{4}sin^22x=cos4x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{3}{8}\left(1-cos4x\right)=cos4x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos4x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{k\pi}{2}\)

\(0< =sin^2x< =1\)

=>\(-2< =sin^2x-2< =-1\)

=>\(sin^2x-2< 0\)

\(0< =cos^2x< =1\)

=>\(-2< =cos^2x-2< =-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^2x-2< 0\)

\(\sqrt{sin^4x+4cos^2x}+\sqrt{cos^4x+4\cdot sin^2x}\)

\(=\sqrt{sin^4x+4\left(1-sin^2x\right)}+\sqrt{cos^4x+4\cdot\left(1-cos^2x\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{sin^4x-4sin^xx+4}+\sqrt{cos^4x-4\cdot cos^2x+4}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(sin^2x-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(cos^2x-2\right)^2}\)

\(=\left|sin^2x-2\right|+\left|cos^2x-2\right|\)

\(=2-sin^2x+2-cos^2x\)

\(=4-\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)=4-1=3\)

\(=\sqrt{sin^4x+4\left(1-sin^2x\right)}+\sqrt{cos^4x+4\left(1-cos^2x\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{4-4sin^2x+sin^4x}+\sqrt{4-4cos^2x+cos^4x}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(2-sin^2x\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2-cos^2x\right)^2}\)

\(=2-sin^2x+2-cos^2x=4-\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)\)

\(=3\)

a/

\(cos^6x+sin^2x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^6x-\left(1-sin^2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^6x-cos^2x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^2x\left(cos^4x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^2x\left(cos^2x-1\right)\left(cos^2x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-cos^2x.sin^2x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin^22x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{k\pi}{2}\)

b/

\(cos^6x-sin^6x=\frac{13}{18}cos^22x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cos^2x-sin^2x\right)\left(cos^4x+sin^4x+sin^2x.cos^2x\right)=\frac{13}{18}cos^22x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x\left[\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^2-sin^2x.cos^2x\right]=\frac{13}{18}cos^22x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x\left(1-\frac{1}{4}sin^22x\right)=\frac{13}{18}cos^22x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\left(1-cos^22x\right)\right)=\frac{13}{18}cos^22x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x\left(\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{4}cos^22x\right)=\frac{13}{18}cos^22x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x\left(\frac{1}{4}cos^22x-\frac{13}{18}cos2x+\frac{3}{4}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos2x=0\\\frac{1}{4}cos^22x-\frac{13}{18}cos2x+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\)

c/

\(cos^4x+sin^6x=cos2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1+cos2x}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1-cos2x}{2}\right)^3=cos2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^32x-5cos^2x+7cos2x-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cos2x-1\right)^2\left(cos2x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos2x=1\\cos2x=3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=k2\pi\)

\(\Rightarrow x=k\pi\)

\(\sqrt{sin^4x+4\left(1-sin^2x\right)}+\sqrt{cos^4x+4\left(1-cos^2x\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{sin^4x-4sin^2x+4}+\sqrt{cos^4x-4cos^2x+4}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(2-sin^2x\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2-cos^2x\right)^2}\)

\(=2-sin^2x+2-cos^2x\)

\(=4-\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)=3\)

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1a.

Đặt \(5x+6=u\)

\(cos2u+4\sqrt{2}sinu-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-2sin^2u+4\sqrt{2}sinu-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2u-4\sqrt{2}sinu+3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinu=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}>1\left(loại\right)\\sinu=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow sin\left(5x+6\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x+6=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\5x+6=\dfrac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{\pi}{20}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{5}\\x=-\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{3\pi}{20}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

1b.

Đặt \(2x+1=u\)

\(cos2u+3sinu=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-2sin^2u+3sinu=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2u-3sinu+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinu=1\\sinu=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(2x+1\right)=1\\sin\left(2x+1\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\2x+1=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\2x+1=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\pi}{12}+k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5\pi}{12}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

2a.

\(cos^2x-sin^2x+sin^2x+2cosx+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^2x+2cosx+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cosx=-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pi+k2\pi\)

a/

\(y=1-sin^2x+2sinx+2=4-\left(sinx-1\right)^2\le4\)

\(y_{max}=4\) khi \(sinx=1\)

Mặt khác \(sinx\ge-1\Rightarrow\left(sinx-1\right)^2\le4\)

\(y_{min}=4-4=0\) khi \(sinx=-1\)

b/

\(y=sin^4x-2\left(1-sin^2x\right)+1=sin^4x+2sin^2x-1\)

Do \(0\le sin^2x\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow-1\le y\le2\)

\(y_{min}=-1\) khi \(sinx=0\)

\(y_{max}=2\) khi \(sin^2x=1\)

c/

\(y=2\left(1-cos2x\right)+sin2x+cos2x\)

\(=sin2x-cos2x+2=\sqrt{2}sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)+2\)

Do \(-1\le sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow2-\sqrt{2}\le y\le2+\sqrt{2}\)

\(y_{min}=2-\sqrt{2}\) khi \(sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=-1\)

\(y_{max}=2+\sqrt{2}\) khi \(sin\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=1\)

d/

\(y=\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^3-3sin^2x.cos^2x\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)\)

\(=1-3sin^2x.cos^2x\)

\(=1-\frac{3}{4}sin^22x\)

Mà \(0\le sin^22x\le1\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4}\le y\le1\)

\(y_{min}=\frac{1}{4}\) khi \(sin^22x=1\)

\(y_{max}=1\) khi \(sin2x=0\)

e/

\(y=5sinx+6cosx-7\)

\(=\sqrt{61}\left(\frac{5}{\sqrt{61}}sinx+\frac{6}{\sqrt{61}}cosx\right)-7\)

\(=\sqrt{61}\left(sinx.cosa+cosx.sina\right)-7\) (với \(a\in\left(0;\pi\right)\) sao cho \(cosa=\frac{5}{\sqrt{61}}\))

\(=\sqrt{61}.sin\left(x+a\right)-7\)

Do \(-1\le sin\left(x+a\right)\le1\Rightarrow7-\sqrt{61}\le y\le7+\sqrt{61}\)

\(y_{min}=7-\sqrt{61}\) khi \(sin\left(x+a\right)=-1\)

\(y_{max}=7+\sqrt{61}\) khi \(sin\left(x+a\right)=1\)

f/

\(y=2\left(\frac{1}{2}sinx+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx\right)+3\)

\(=2sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)+3\)

\(\Rightarrow1\le y\le5\)

\(y_{min}=1\) khi \(sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=-1\)

\(y_{max}=5\) khi \(x+\frac{\pi}{3}=1\)