Cho 10,8g Al vào 500ml dung dịch \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}FeCl_30,5M\\CuCl_20,6M\\HCl0,4M\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Viết phương trình phản ứng
b, Tính \(V_{H_2},m_{\downarrow}\)
Cho 11g hỗn hợp \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe\\Al\end{matrix}\right.\) tác dụng với 200ml dung dịch \(H_2SO_4\). Sau phản ứng thu được 8,96(l) \(H_2\) (ở đktc). Tính số mol của Fe, Al và nồng độ mol của \(H_2SO_4\)
m.n giúp mk bài ạ. Thanks m.n nha
Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2 (1)
2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 (2)
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Fe và Al
Ta có: \(56x+27y=11\) (*)
Theo PT1: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo Pt2: \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{2}n_{Al}=1,5y\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(x+1,5y=0,4\) (**)
Từ (*)(**) ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+1,5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo Pt1: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pt2: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}\times0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1+0,3=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\frac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)
Gọi số mol Fe và Al là x và y
\(PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
(mol) 1 1 1 1
(mol) x x x x
\(PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
(mol) 2 3 1 3
(mol) y 3y/2 y 3y/2
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\22,4x+33,6y=8,96\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2: Giải các hệ phương trình sau bằng phương pháp thế
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+y=2\\8x+3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=11\\4x-5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-4y=3\\2x+y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=5\\5x+2y=28\end{matrix}\right.\)
e) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+5y=1\\2x-y=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
f) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=1\\2x-y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: =>8x+2y=4 và 8x+3y=5
=>y=1 và 4x=2-1=1
=>x=1/4 và y=1
b: 3x-2y=11 và 4x-5y=3
=>12x-8y=44 và 12x-15y=9
=>7y=35 và 3x-2y=11
=>y=5 và 3x=11+2*y=11+2*5=21
=>x=7 và y=5
c: 5x-4y=3 và 2x+y=4
=>5x-4y=3 và 8x+4y=16
=>13x=19 và 2x+y=4
=>x=19/13 và y=4-2x=4-38/13=52/13-38/13=14/13
d: 3x-y=5 và 5x+2y=28
=>6x-2y=10 và 5x+2y=28
=>11x=38 và 3x-y=5
=>x=38/11 và y=3x-5=104/11-5=104/11-55/11=49/11
a: =>8x+2y=4 và 8x+3y=5
=>y=1 và 4x=2-1=1
=>x=1/4 và y=1
b: 3x-2y=11 và 4x-5y=3
=>12x-8y=44 và 12x-15y=9
=>7y=35 và 3x-2y=11
=>y=5 và 3x=11+2*y=11+2*5=21
=>x=7 và y=5
c: 5x-4y=3 và 2x+y=4
=>5x-4y=3 và 8x+4y=16
=>13x=19 và 2x+y=4
=>x=19/13 và y=4-2x=4-38/13=52/13-38/13=14/13
d: 3x-y=5 và 5x+2y=28
=>6x-2y=10 và 5x+2y=28
=>11x=38 và 3x-y=5
=>x=38/11 và y=3x-5=104/11-5=104/11-55/11=49/11
Giải các hệ phương trình sau:
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+5y=5\\3x-5y=-30\end{matrix}\right.\) b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-3y=-5\\3x+2y=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+3y=9\\4x-2y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-4y=32\\6x+2y=18\end{matrix}\right.\)
e) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y+5=0\\3x+5y-21=0\end{matrix}\right.\) f) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y\sqrt{2}=0\\2x\sqrt{2}+y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
g) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+4y=-3\\3x+2y=11\end{matrix}\right.\) h) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-4y=12\\5x+3y=17\end{matrix}\right.\)
e.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y+5=0\\3x+5y-21=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10x-15y=-25\\9x+15y=63\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}19x=38\\3x+5y=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=\dfrac{21-3x}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
f.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y\sqrt{2}=0\\2x\sqrt{2}+y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y\sqrt{2}=0\\4x+y\sqrt{2}=5\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=5\sqrt{2}\\2x\sqrt{2}+y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\y=5-2x\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=-25\\3x-5y=-30\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\y=\dfrac{3x+30}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8x-6y=-10\\9x+6y=-24\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}17x=-34\\9x+6y=-24\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=\dfrac{-24-9x}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
c.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+3y=9\\4x-2y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\2x-y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=2\\2x-y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-4y=32\\6x+2y=18\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-4y=32\\12x+4y=36\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-4y=32\\17x=68\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=\dfrac{3x-32}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cho \(\left(v_n\right)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=\dfrac{1}{2018}\\v_{n+1}=\dfrac{2v_n}{1+2018v_n^2},\forall n\in N^{\cdot}\end{matrix}\right.\)
CMR: \(v_{n+1}\ge v_n\)
Quy nạp 1 cách đơn giản, ta dễ dàng chứng minh dãy dương
Lại có: \(v_{n+1}=\dfrac{2v_n}{1+2018v_n^2}\le\dfrac{2v_n}{2\sqrt{1.2018v_n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Dãy bị chặn trên bởi \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}\) hay \(v_n\le\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}\Leftrightarrow v_n^2\le\dfrac{1}{2018}\) ; \(\forall n\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-2018v_n^2\ge0\)
Ta có: \(v_{n+1}-v_n=\dfrac{2v_n}{1+2018v_n^2}-v_n=\dfrac{v_n-2018v_n^3}{1+2018v_n^2}=\dfrac{v_n\left(1-2018v_n^2\right)}{1+2018v_n^2}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow v_{n+1}\ge v_n\) (đpcm)
Giải các hệ phương trình sau bằng phương pháp thế:
a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=11\\4x-5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{y}{3}=1\\5x-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+5y=1\\2x-y=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
d)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x+y-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=11\\4x-5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=11+2y\\4x-5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+\dfrac{11}{3}\\4\left(\dfrac{2}{3}y+\dfrac{11}{3}\right)-5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+\dfrac{11}{3}\\\dfrac{8}{3}y+\dfrac{44}{3}-5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+\dfrac{11}{3}\\-\dfrac{7}{3}y=3-\dfrac{44}{3}=-\dfrac{35}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=5\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot5+\dfrac{11}{3}=\dfrac{10}{3}+\dfrac{11}{3}=\dfrac{21}{3}=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{y}{3}=1\\5x-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}+1\\5x-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\\5\left(\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\right)-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\\\dfrac{10}{3}y+10-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{14}{3}y=3-10=-7\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=7:\dfrac{14}{3}=7\cdot\dfrac{3}{14}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+2=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
c: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+5y=1\\2x-y=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+8\\3x+5\left(2x+8\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+8\\3x+10x+40=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+8\\13x=-39\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=2\cdot\left(-3\right)+8=8-6=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x+y-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y\\x+y=10\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{3}y+y=10\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}y\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{3}y=10\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=6\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot6=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tìm m để hệ bất phương trình có nghiệm
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1>0\\x-m< 2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(x-6\right)< -3\\\dfrac{5x+m}{2}>7\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-1\le0\\x-m>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2\ge0\\\left(m^2+1\right)x< 4\end{matrix}\right.\)
e) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\left(mx-1\right)< 2\\m\left(mx-2\right)\ge2m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, hệ\(\Leftrightarrow\)$\left \{ {{x>\frac{1}{2} } \atop {x<m+2}} \right.$
để hệ có nghiệm ⇒ m+2< $\frac{1}{2}$ ⇒ m<$\frac{-3}{2}$
Giải phương trình:
1. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-2y=3\\6x-3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
2. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y=5\\4x+6y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
3. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4y+2=0\\5x+2y=14\end{matrix}\right.\)
4. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+5y=3\\3x-2y=14\end{matrix}\right.\)
1) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=4\\4x+2y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=4\\7x=14\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
2)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=5\\4x+6y=10\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+6y=10\\4x=6y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> Hệ có vô số nghiệm.
3)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4y=-2\\10x+4y=28\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4y=-2\\13x=26\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
4)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x+15y=9\\6x-4y=28\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x+15y=9\\19y=19\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải hệ phương trình sau bằng phương pháp thế
1) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=4\\-2x+5y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
2) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=10\\5x-3y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
3) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=4\\-3x+y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(1,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y+4\\-4y-8+5y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\cdot5+4=14\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\\ 2,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-30+6x=3\\y=10-2x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\\ 3,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4-2y\\6y-12+y=7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{10}{7}\\y=\dfrac{19}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải phương trình:
1. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-2y=-9\\4x+3y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
2. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y-4=0\\x+2y-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
3. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y-7=0\\x+2y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
4. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+6y=17\\9x-y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
1)
HPT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}15x-6y=-27\\8x+6y=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2y=5x+9\\23x=-23\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-1;2\right)\)
2)
HPT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=4\\2x+4y=10\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3y=-6\\x=5-2y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)
3)
HPT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+6y=14\\3x+6y=12\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\2y=4-x\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;1\right)\)
4)
HPT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+6y=17\\54x-6y=42\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}59x=59\\y=9x-7\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)