a) \(\dfrac{a}{5}=\dfrac{b}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{25}=\dfrac{b^2}{16}\)

Áp dụng tính chất DTSBN :

\(\dfrac{a^2}{25}=\dfrac{b^2}{16}=\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{25-16}=\dfrac{1}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=\dfrac{1}{9}\cdot25=\dfrac{25}{9}\\b^2=\dfrac{1}{9}\cdot16=\dfrac{16}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{5}{3};b=\dfrac{4}{3}\\a=\dfrac{-5}{3};b=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left(a;b\right)\in\left\{\left(\dfrac{5}{3};\dfrac{4}{3}\right);\left(-\dfrac{5}{3};-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\right\}\)

b) \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{4}=\dfrac{b^2}{9}=\dfrac{c^2}{16}\)

Áp dụng tính chất DTSBN :

\(\dfrac{a^2}{4}=\dfrac{b^2}{9}=\dfrac{c^2}{16}=\dfrac{2c^2}{32}=\dfrac{a^2-b^2+2c^2}{4-9+32}=\dfrac{108}{27}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=4.4=16\\b^2=4.9=36\\c^2=4,16=64\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=4;=6;c=8\\a=-4;b=-6;c=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy (a;b;c) \(\in\left\{\left(4;6;8\right);\left(-4;-6;-8\right)\right\}\)

a) Áp dụng Cauchy Schwars ta có:

\(M=\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1

b) \(N=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b+1}+\frac{9}{c+2}\ge\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{36}{6}=6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x=y=1

c) \(P=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{2.3}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x=y=1

Sửa \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{4}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{4}=k\Rightarrow a=2k;b=3k;c=4k\)

\(a^2-b^2+2c^2=108\\ \Rightarrow4k^2-9k^2+32k^2=108\\ \Rightarrow27k^2=108\Rightarrow k^2=4\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}k=2\\k=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4;y=6;z=8\\x=-4;y=-6;z=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{4}=\dfrac{a^2}{2^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{3^2}=\dfrac{2c^2}{2.4^2}=\dfrac{a^2}{4}=\dfrac{b^2}{9}=\dfrac{2c^2}{32}\)

Áp dụng tcdtsbn , ta có:

\(\dfrac{a^2}{4}=\dfrac{b^2}{9}=\dfrac{2c^2}{32}=\dfrac{a^2-b^2+2c^2}{4-9+32}=\dfrac{108}{27}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=8\\b=12\\c=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

Chọn B

 b nha

B

\(\left(a+2\right)\left(a-3\right)\le0\)\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-6\le a\)

Tương tự: \(b^2-6\le b\) ; \(c^2-6\le c\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(M\ge a^2+b^2+c^2-18=4\)

Dấu '=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(3;3-2\right)\) và hoán vị

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3=3a^2b^2c^2\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{bc}{a^2}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2}+\dfrac{ab}{c^2}=\dfrac{a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3}{a^2b^2c^2}=\dfrac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)

1.

Sửa đề: \(S=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(ch_a+bh_c+ah_b\right)\)

\(a.h_a=b.h_b=c.h_c=2S\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}h_a=\dfrac{2S}{a}\\h_b=\dfrac{2S}{b}\\h_c=\dfrac{2S}{c}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow6S=\dfrac{2Sc}{a}+\dfrac{2Sb}{c}+\dfrac{2Sa}{b}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}=3\)

Mặt khác theo AM-GM: \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{abc}{abc}}=3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) Tam giác đã cho đều

2.

Bạn coi lại đề, biểu thức câu này rất kì quặc (2 vế không đồng bậc)

Ở vế trái là \(2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\) hay \(2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\) nhỉ?

3.

Theo câu a, ta có:

\(VT=\dfrac{2S}{a}+\dfrac{2S}{b}+\dfrac{2S}{c}\ge\dfrac{18S}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{18.pr}{a+b+c}=9r\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c\)

Hay tam giác đã cho đều

4.

Theo định lý hàm sin: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sinA=\dfrac{a}{2R}\\sinB=\dfrac{b}{2R}\\sinC=\dfrac{c}{2R}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{2R}=\dfrac{b}{2\sqrt{3}R}=\dfrac{c}{4R}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{c}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{c}{2}\\b=\dfrac{c\sqrt{3}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=\dfrac{c^2}{4}+\dfrac{3c^2}{4}=c^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\Delta ABC\) vuông tại C theo Pitago đảo