Nửa chu vi tam giác ABC là:

\(P=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=\dfrac{12+16+20}{2}=\dfrac{2\left(6+8+10\right)}{2}=24\)(đvđd)Diện tích tam giác ABC là:

\(S=\sqrt{P\cdot\left(P-a\right)\left(P-b\right)\left(P-c\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{24\cdot\left(24-12\right)\left(24-16\right)\left(24-20\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{24\cdot12\cdot8\cdot4}\)

\(=2\sqrt{6}\cdot2\sqrt{3}\cdot2\sqrt{2}\cdot2\) 

\(=16\sqrt{36}=96\)(đvdt)

\(p=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=24\)

\(S=\sqrt{p\left(p-a\right)\left(p-b\right)\left(p-c\right)}=96\)

\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}h_a.a\Rightarrow h_a=\dfrac{2S}{a}=16\)

\(R=\dfrac{abc}{4S}=10\)

\(r=\dfrac{S}{p}=4\)

\(m_c=\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)-c^2}{4}}=10\)

Nhận xét: Tam giác ABC có a2 + b2 = c2 nên vuông tại C.

+ Diện tích tam giác: S = 1/2.a.b = 1/2.12.16 = 96 (đvdt)

+ Chiều cao ha: ha = AC = b = 16.

+ Tâm đường tròn ngoại tiếp tam giác là trung điểm của AB.

Bán kính đường tròn ngoại tiếp R = AB /2 = c/2 = 10.

+ Bán kính đường tròn nội tiếp tam giác: S = p.r ⇒ r = S/p.

Mà S = 96, p = (a + b + c) / 2 = 24 ⇒ r = 4.

+ Đường trung tuyến ma:

ma2 = (2.(b2 + c2) – a2) / 4 = 292 ⇒ ma = √292.

\(a^2=b^2+c^2-2bc.\cos A\Rightarrow a=\sqrt{b^2+c^2-2bc.cosA}=\sqrt{7^2+5^2-\dfrac{2.7.5.3}{5}}=4\sqrt{2}\)

\(\sin A=\sqrt{1-cos^2A}=\sqrt{1-\left(\dfrac{3}{5}\right)^2}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)

\(p=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=6+2\sqrt{2}\)

\(S=\sqrt{p\left(p-a\right)\left(p-b\right)\left(p-c\right)}=14\)

\(R=\dfrac{a}{2.sinA}=\dfrac{4\sqrt{2}}{\dfrac{2.4}{5}}=\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(r=\dfrac{S}{p}=\dfrac{14}{6+2\sqrt{2}}=3-\sqrt{2}\)

\(ha=\dfrac{2S}{a}=\dfrac{2.14}{4\sqrt{2}}=2\sqrt{2}\)

\(\cos A=\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7^2+5^2-a^2=\dfrac{3}{5}\cdot2\cdot7\cdot5=3\cdot2\cdot7=42\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2=32\)

hay \(a=4\sqrt{2}\)

\(\sin A=\sqrt{1-\left(\dfrac{3}{5}\right)^2}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)

Theo định lí hàm sin, ta có:

   
A
B
sin
ˆ
C
=
A
C
sin
ˆ
B
⇔
5
sin
45
°
=
A
C
sin
60
°
⇒
A
C
=
5.
sin
60
0
sin
45
0
=
5
√
6
2
 .

Diện tích tam giác ABC là:

\(S_{ABC}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot BA\cdot BC\cdot sinABC\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot5\cdot7\cdot sin120=\dfrac{35\sqrt{3}}{4}\)

Xét ΔABC có \(cosB=\dfrac{BA^2+BC^2-AC^2}{2\cdot BA\cdot BC}\)

=>\(\dfrac{5^2+7^2-AC^2}{2\cdot5\cdot7}=cos120=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)

=>\(25+49-AC^2=-35\)

=>\(AC^2=25+49+35=109\)

=>\(AC=\sqrt{109}\)

Kẻ AH\(\perp\)BC

=>\(h_A=AH\)

\(S_{ABC}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot AH\cdot BC\)

=>\(\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot AH\cdot7=\dfrac{35\sqrt{3}}{4}\)

=>\(AH\cdot3,5=\dfrac{35\sqrt{3}}{4}\)

=>\(AH=\dfrac{10\sqrt{3}}{4}=\dfrac{5}{2}\sqrt{3}\)

Xét ΔABC có \(\dfrac{AC}{sinB}=2R\)

=>\(2R=\dfrac{\sqrt{109}}{sin120}=\sqrt{109}\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\)

=>\(R=\sqrt{\dfrac{109}{3}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{327}}{3}\)

Theo định lí sin: \(\frac{a}{{\sin A}} = \frac{b}{{\sin B}} = \frac{c}{{\sin C}} = 2R\quad (*)\)

+) Ta có: \(\hat A = {180^o} - \left( {\hat B + \;\hat C} \right) = {180^o} - \left( {{{60}^o} + {{45}^o}} \right) = {75^o}\)

\( \Rightarrow a = \frac{b}{{\sin B}}.\sin A = \frac{{10}}{{\sin {{60}^o}}}.\sin {75^o} \approx 11,154\)

+) \((*) \Rightarrow R = \frac{b}{{2\sin B}} = \frac{{10}}{{2\sin {{60}^o}}} = \frac{{10}}{{2.\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}}} = \frac{{10\sqrt 3 }}{3}.\)

+) Diện tích tam giác ABC là: \(S = \frac{1}{2}ab.\sin {\mkern 1mu} \hat C\) \( \approx \frac{1}{2}.11,154.10.\sin {45^o}\)\( \approx 39,44\)

+) Lại có: \(R = \frac{c}{{2\sin C}}\)\( \Rightarrow c = 2.\frac{{10\sqrt 3 }}{3}.\sin {45^o} = \frac{{10\sqrt 6 }}{3} \approx 8,165\)

\( \Rightarrow p = \frac{{a + b + c}}{2} \approx \frac{{11,154 + 10 + 8,165}}{2} \approx 14,66\)

\( \Rightarrow r = \frac{S}{p} \approx \frac{{39,44}}{{14,66}} \approx 2,7\)