Đặt \(x^2=p\left(0\le p\le1\right)\)

Ta có : \(P=\frac{p}{2-p}+\frac{1-p}{1+p}=-2+\frac{2}{2-p}+\frac{2}{1+p}\)

\(=-2+2\left(\frac{1}{2-p}+\frac{1}{1+p}\right)=2\left(\frac{3}{\left(2-p\right)\left(1+p\right)}-1\right)\)

\(=2\left(\frac{3}{2+p\left(1-p\right)}-1\right)\)

Do \(0\le p\le1\Rightarrow p\left(1-p\right)\ge0\) \(\Rightarrow P\le2\left(\frac{3}{2}-1\right)=1\) có MAX là 1

Ta có : \(p\left(1-p\right)\le\frac{\left(p+1-p\right)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\left(\frac{3}{2+\frac{1}{4}}-1\right)=\frac{2}{3}\)Có MIN là \(\frac{2}{3}\)

Ta có : x + y = 1

=> x = 1 - y

     y = 1 - x , 1 - ( x + y ) = 0

Khi đó : \(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{1-y}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{1-x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{-\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(y^2+y+1\right)}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{-x^2-x-1+y^2+y+1}{x^2y^2+x^2y+x^2+xy^2+xy+x+y^2+y+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{-\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+x^2+y^2+xy+\left(x+y\right)+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(-x-y-1\right)}{x^2y^2+xy.1+x^2+y^2+xy+1+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(-x-y-1\right)}{x^2y^2+\left(x+y\right)^2+2}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{-\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{-\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{-\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y\right)+2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left[-\left(x+y+1\right)+2\right]}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(1-x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left[1-\left(x+4\right)\right]}{x^2y^2+3}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right).0}{x^2y^2+3}=0\)

Vậy : \(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\left(đpcm\right)\)

Đặt \(P=xyz\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2z=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\left(2016-x-y\right)\)

Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2\\y\ge9\\z\ge1951\\x+y=2016-z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow11\le x+y\le65\)

Đặt \(x+y=a\Rightarrow11\le a\le65\)

\(4P\le a^2\left(2016-a\right)=-a^3+2016a^2-8242975+8242975\)

\(4P\le\left(65-a\right)\left[\left(a^2-65^2\right)-1951\left(a-11\right)-144051\right]+8242975\le8242975\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{8242975}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=\dfrac{65}{2}\\z=1951\end{matrix}\right.\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si với ba số x,y,z không âm :

\(\dfrac{x+y+z}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{xyz}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2016}{3}= 672\ge\sqrt[3]{xyz}\\ \Leftrightarrow xyz \le(672)^3\\ \)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x = y = z = 672

Vậy GTLN của xyz là 672³ khi x = y = z = 672

b: (3x-2)^5+(5-x)^5+(-2x-3)^5=0

Đặt a=3x-2; b=-2x-3

Pt sẽ trở thành:

a^5+b^5-(a+b)^5=0

=>a^5+b^5-(a^5+5a^4b+10a^3b^2+10a^2b^3+5ab^4+b^5)=0

=>-5a^4b-10a^3b^2-10a^2b^3-5ab^4=0

=>-5a^4b-5ab^4-10a^3b^2-10a^2b^3=0

=>-5ab(a^3+b^3)-10a^2b^2(a+b)=0

=>-5ab(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)-10a^2b^2(a+b)=0

=>-5ab(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2+2ab)=0

=>-5ab(a+b)(a^2+b^2+ab)=0

=>ab(a+b)=0

=>(3x-2)(-2x-3)(5-x)=0

=>\(x\in\left\{\dfrac{2}{3};-\dfrac{3}{2};5\right\}\)