phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử :
a) 1 - 2y + y2
b) ( x + 1 )2 - 25
c) 1 - 4x2
d) 8 - 27x3
e) 27 + 27x + 9x2 + x3
f) 8x3 - 12x2y + 6xy2 - y3
g) x3 + 8y3
a.1-2y+y2 b.(x+1)2-25 c.1-4x2 d.8-27x3
e.27+27x+9x2+x3 f.8x3-12x2y +6xy2-y3 g.x3+8y3
Bn cho vào trg ngoặc đi viết thế này khó hiểu quá
Bài 1: Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a. 1 - 4x2
b. 8 - 27x3
c. 27 + 27x + 9x 2 + x3
d. 2x3 + 4x2 + 2x
e. x2 - 5x - y2 + 5y
f. x2 - 6x + 9 - y2
g. 10x (x - y) - 6y(y - x)
h. x2 - 4x - 5
i. x4 - y4
Bài 2: Tìm x, biết
a. 5(x - 2) = x - 2
b. 3(x - 5) = 5 - x
c. (x +2)2 - (x+ 2) (x - 2) = 0
Bài 3: Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức
a. A = x2 - 6x + 11
b. B = 4x2 - 20x + 101
c. C = -x2 - 4xy + 5y2 + 10x - 22y + 28
a.
\(1-4x^2=\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\)
b.
\(8-27x^3=\left(2\right)^3-\left(3x\right)^3=\left(2-3x\right)\left(4+6x+9x^2\right)\)
c.
\(27+27x+9x^2+x^3=x^3+3.x^2.3+3.3^2.x+3^3\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^3\)
d.
\(2x^3+4x^2+2x=2x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=2x\left(x+1\right)^2\)
e.
\(x^2-y^2-5x+5y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)
f.
\(x^2-6x+9-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
g. 10x(x-y)-6y(y-x)
=10x(x-y)+6y(x-y)
=(x-y)(10x+6y)
h.x2-4x-5
=(x-5)(x+1)
i.x4-y4 = (x2-y2)(x2+y2)
B2.
a.5(x-2)=x-2
⇔5(x-2)-(x-2)=0
⇔4(x-2)=0
⇔x=2
b.3(x-5)=5-x
⇔3(x-5)+(x-5)=0
⇔4(x-5)=0
⇔x=5
c.(x+2)2-(x+2)(x-2)=0
⇔(x+2)[(x+2)-(x-2)]=0
⇔4(x+2)=0
⇔x=-2
bài 1 : phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a)x2 + 4x +4
b)4x2 - 4x + 1
c) 2x- 1 -x2
d) x2+ x +\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
e)9 - x2
g)(x+5)2 - 4x2
h)(x+1)2 -(2x - 1 )2
i)x2y2 - 4xy +1
k)y2-(x2 - 2x +1 )
l)x3 + 6x2+12x +8
m) 8x3 - 12x2y + 6xy2 - y3
a: \(x^2+4x+4=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot2+2^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\)
b: \(4x^2-4x+1=\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot1+1^2=\left(2x-1\right)^2\)
c: \(2x-1-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
d: \(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
e: \(9-x^2=3^2-x^2=\left(3-x\right)\left(3+x\right)\)
g: \(\left(x+5\right)^2-4x^2=\left(x+5+2x\right)\left(x+5-2x\right)\)
\(=\left(5-x\right)\left(5+3x\right)\)
h: \(\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+1+2x-1\right)\left(x+1-2x+1\right)\)
\(=3x\left(-x+2\right)\)
i: \(=x^2y^2-4xy+4-3\)
\(=\left(xy-2\right)^2-3=\left(xy-2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(xy-2+\sqrt{3}\right)\)
k: \(=y^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(y-x+1\right)\left(y+x-1\right)\)
l: \(=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot2+3\cdot x\cdot2^2+2^3=\left(x+2\right)^3\)
m: \(=\left(2x\right)^3-3\cdot\left(2x\right)^2\cdot y+3\cdot2x\cdot y^2-y^3=\left(2x-y\right)^3\)
1,phân tích mỗi đa thức sau thành phân tử
a,(x+2y)2-(x-y)2
b,(x+1)3+(x-1)3
c,9x2-3x+2y-4y2
d,4x2-4xy+2x-y+y2
e,x3+3x2+3x+1-y3
g,x3-2x2y+xy2-4x
a) \(\left(x+2y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(x+2y+x-y\right)\left(x+2y-x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+y\right).3y\)
b) \(\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(x-1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+1+x-1\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2x\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x^2-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\)
c) \(9x^2-3x+2y-4y^2\)
\(=9x^2-4y^2-3x+2y\)
\(=\left(3x-2y\right)\left(3x+2y\right)-\left(3x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2y\right)\left[3x+2y-1\right]\)
d) \(4x^2-4xy+2x-y+y^2\)
\(=4x^2-4xy+y^2+2x-y\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)^2+2x-y\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x-y+1\right)\)
e) \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-y^3\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-y^3\)
\(=\left(x+1-y\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+y\left(x+1\right)+y^2\right]\)
g) \(x^3-2x^2y+xy^2-4x\)
\(=x\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4x\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)^2-4x\)
\(=x\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=x\left(x-y+2\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
a) (x + 2y)² - (x - y)²
= (x + 2y - x + y)(x + 2y + x - y)
= 3y(2x + y)
b) (x + 1)³ + (x - 1)³
= (x + 1 + x - 1)[(x + 1)² - (x + 1)(x - 1) + (x - 1)²]
= 2x(x² + 2x + 1 - x² + 1 + x² - 2x + 1)
= 2x(x² + 3)
c) 9x² - 3x + 2y - 4y²
= (9x² - 4y²) - (3x - 2y)
= (3x - 2y)(3x + 2y) - (3x - 2y)
= (3x - 2y)(3x + 2y - 1)
d) 4x² - 4xy + 2x - y + y²
= (4x² - 4xy + y²) + (2x - y)
= (2x - y)² + (2x - y)
= (2x - y)(2x - y + 1)
e) x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1 - y³
= (x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1) - y³
= (x + 1)³ - y³
= (x + 1 - y)[(x + 1)² + (x + 1)y + y²]
= (x - y + 1)(x² + 2x + 1 + xy + y + y²)
g) x³ - 2x²y + xy² - 4x
= x(x² - 2xy + y² - 4)
= x[(x² - 2xy + y²) - 4]
= x[(x - y)² - 2²]
= x(x - y - 2)(x - y + 2)
a,x3+3x2+3x+1
b,x2+6x+9
c,-x3+9x2-27x+27
d,x2+4x+4
k,10x-25-x2
f,(x+y)2-9x2
g,8x3+42x2y+16xy2+6xy+y3
a) \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1=x^2+3\cdot x^2\cdot1+3\cdot x\cdot1^2+1^3=\left(x-1\right)^3\)
b) \(x^2+6x+9=x^2+2\cdot3\cdot x+3^2=\left(x+3\right)^2\)
c) \(-x^3+9x^2-27x+27\)
\(=-\left(x^3-9x^2+27x-27\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^3-3\cdot3\cdot x^2+3\cdot3^2\cdot x-3^3\right)=-\left(x-3\right)^3\)
d) \(x^2+4x+4=x^2+2\cdot2\cdot x+2^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\)
k) \(10x-25-x^2=-x^2+10x-25=-\left(x^2-10x+25\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2\cdot5\cdot x+5^2\right)=-\left(x-5\right)^2\)
f) \(\left(x+y\right)^2-9x^2=\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(3x\right)^2=\left[\left(x-y\right)-3x\right]\left[\left(x-y\right)+3x\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y-3x\right)\left(x-y+3x\right)=\left(-2x-y\right)\left(4x-y\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức 8 x 3 + 12 x 2 y + 6 x y 2 + y 3 thành nhân tử ta được
A. ( x + 2 y ) 3
B. ( 2 x + y ) 3
C. ( 2 x – y ) 3
D. ( 8 x + y ) 3
Ta có
8 x 3 + 12 x 2 y + 6 x y 2 + y 3 = ( 2 x ) 3 + 3 . ( 2 x ) 2 y + 3 . 2 x . y 2 + y 3 = ( 2 x + y ) 3
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) 8 a 3 - 36 a 2 b + 54 ab 2 - 27 b 3 ;
b) 8 x 3 + 12 x 2 y + 6 xy 2 + y 3 - z 3 .
a) Áp dụng HĐT 5 thu được ( 2 a - 3 b ) 3 .
b) Ta có 8 x 3 + 12 x 2 y + 6 xy 2 + y 3 = ( 2 x + y ) 3 .
Áp dụng HĐT 7 với A = 2x + y; B = z
( 2 x + y ) 3 - z 3 = (2x + y - z)(4 x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 4xy + 2xz + zy).
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a/ y2 - 2y b/ 3x4 – 6x3 + 3x2
c/ 27x2 ( y – 1) – 9x3 ( 1 - y) d/y3 – 2y2 + y
e/ x3 + 6x2 + 9x f/ x3 – 2x2y + xy2
g/ x( 2- x) – x + 2 h/ 3x ( x – 1) + 6( 1 – x)
\(a,=y\left(y-2\right)\\ b,=3x\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=3x\left(x-1\right)^2\\ c,=\left(y-1\right)\left(27x^2+9x^3\right)=9x^2\left(x+3\right)\left(y-1\right)\\ d,=y\left(y^2-2y+1\right)=y\left(y-1\right)^2\\ e,=x\left(x^2+6x+9\right)=x\left(x+3\right)^2\\ f,=x\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)=x\left(x-y\right)^2\\ g,=\left(2-x\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ h,=\left(x-1\right)\left(3x-6\right)=3\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
a: =y(y-2)
b: \(=3x^2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=3x^2\left(x-1\right)^2\)
d: \(=y\left(y^2-2y+1\right)=y\left(y-1\right)^2\)
Bài 2:Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) x3- 2x2+ x b) x2– 2x – 15 c) 5x2y3– 25x3y4+ 10x3y3
d) 12x2y – 18xy2– 30y2 e) 5(x-y) – y.( x – y) f) 4x2+ 12x + 9
b: =(x-5)(x+3)
f: \(=\left(2x+3\right)^2\)
\(a,=x\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=x\left(x-1\right)^2\\ b,=x^2-5x+3x-15=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+3\right)\\ c,=5x^2y^3\left(1-5xy+2x\right)\\ d,=6y\left(2x^2-3xy-10y\right)\\ e,,=\left(x-y\right)\left(5-x\right)\\ f,=\left(2x+3\right)^2\)
1. Rút gọn biểu thức:
a. (2x-3)(4x2+6x+9)-2x(4x2-1)
b.(x+y)2+2(x+y)(x-y)+(x-y)2
2.Phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a. 2x2y+4xy+2y c. x2-8x+7
b.9x2+6xy-4z2+y2 d. x3+4x2+x-6
1b.=2((x+y)+(x+y)(x-y)+(x-y))=2(x2-y2+x+y+x-y)=2(x2-y2+2x)=2x2-2y2+4x
2a.=4xy+4xy+2y=8xy+2y=2y(4x+1)
b.=(3x)2+2.3x.y+y2-(2z)2=(3x+y)2-(2z)2=(3x+y-2z)(3x+y+2z)
c.=x2-x-7x+7=x(x-1)-7(x-1)=(x-1)(x-7)
\(\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y+x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=4x^2\)
hk tốt
^^