Ta có:

0 < a < 1 ⇒ a - 1 < 0 ⇒ a(a - 1) < 0 ⇒ a2 - a < 0 (1)

Tương tự:

0 < b < 1 ⇒ b2 - b < 0 (2)

0 < c < 1 ⇒ c2 - c < 0 (3)

Cộng (1); (2); (3) vế theo vế ta được:

a2 + b2 + c2 - a - b - c < 0

⇔ a2 + b2 + c2 < a + b + c

⇔ a2+ b2 + c2 < 2 (do a + b + c = 2)

Sửa đề : \(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+a}\le1\\ \) (*)

\(< =>\dfrac{a^2\left(b^2+a\right)+b^2\left(a^2+b\right)}{\left(a^2+b\right)\left(b^2+a\right)}\le1\\ < =>a^2b^2+a^3+b^2a^2+b^3\le\left(a^2+b\right)\left(b^2+a\right)\) ( Nhân cả 2 vế cho `(a^{2}+b)(b^{2}+a)>0` )

\(< =>a^3+b^3+2a^2b^2\le a^2b^2+b^3+a^3+ab\\ < =>a^2b^2\le ab\\ < =>ab\le1\) ( Chia 2 vế cho `ab>0` )

Do a,b >0 

Nên áp dụng BDT Cô Si :

\(2\ge a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}< =>\sqrt{ab}\le1\\ < =>ab\le1\)

Do đó (*) luôn đúng

Vậy ta chứng minh đc bài toán

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(a=b>0,a+b=2< =>a=b=1\)

a Sửa đề : Chứng minh \(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b}\)+\(\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\) 1 ( Đề thi vào 10 Hà Nội).

Bất đẳng thức trên tương đương : 

\(\dfrac{a^2+b-b}{a^2+b}\)+\(\dfrac{b^2+a-a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)1

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 1 - \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\)+ 1 - \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)1

\(\Leftrightarrow\)1 - \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\) - \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)- \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\)- \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)-1

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)+ \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\)\(\ge\)1

Xét VT = \(\dfrac{a^2}{ab^2+a^2}\)+ \(\dfrac{b^2}{a^2b+b^2}\)\(\ge\)\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab^2+a^2+a^2b+b^2}\) (Cauchy - Schwarz)

= \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab\left(b+a\right)+a^2+b^2}\)

\(\ge\)\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2ab+a^2+b^2}\)

= \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)= 1

Vậy BĐT được chứng minh

Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = 1

a)Có \(a^2+1\ge2a\) với mọi a; \(b^2+1\ge2b\) với mọi b

Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+2\ge2\left(a+b\right)\)

Dấu = xảy ra <=> a=b=1

b) Áp dụng BĐT bunhiacopxki có:

\(\left(x+y\right)^2\le\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\le2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{2}\le x+y\le\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)_{max}=\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=\sqrt{2}\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(\left(x+y\right)_{min}=-\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-\sqrt{2}\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

c) \(S=\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}\)

Với x,y>0, ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\) (1)

Thật vậy (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+x}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (lđ)

Áp dụng (1) vào S ta được:

\(S\ge\dfrac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}\)

Lại có: \(ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow2ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\Leftrightarrow2ab\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2ab}\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow S\ge\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+2=6\)

\(\Rightarrow S_{min}=6\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\left(a^2+b^2-2\right)\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(1-ab\right)^2+4ab=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-2\left(ab+1\right)\right]\left(a+b\right)^2+1+2ab+a^2b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^4-2\left(a+b\right)^2\left(ab+1\right)+\left(ab+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(ab+1\right)\right]^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(ab+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+1=\left(a+b\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab+1}=\left|a+b\right|\) là số hữu tỉ (đpcm)

Bài 2 : 

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca = 3ab + 3bc + 3ca 

<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = ab + bc + ca 

<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 = 2ab + 2bc + 2ca 

<=> ( a - b )^2 + ( b - c )^2 + ( c - a )^2 = 0 

<=> a = b = c 

Bài 1 : 

a^2 + b^2 + 9 = ab + 3a + 3b 

<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 18 = 2ab + 6a + 6b 

<=> a^2 - 2ab + b^2 + a^2 - 6a + 9 + b^2 - 6a + 9 = 0 

<=> ( a - b)^2 + ( a - 3)^2 + ( b - 3)^2 = 0 

Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi a = b = 3 

1.

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+18=2ab+6a+6b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-6a+9\right)+\left(b^2-6b+9\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-3\right)^2+\left(b-3\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\a-3=0\\b-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=3\)

2.

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3ab+3bc+3ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

Cần gấp ko bạn

Nếu gấp thì sang web khác thử

Thay \(a=-\left(b+c\right)\) ; \(a+c=-b\) và \(a+b=-c\) vào điều kiện thứ 2 ta có 

\(\left(b+c\right)^2=2\left(-b+1\right)\left(-c-1\right)\)

 <=> \(b^2+c^2+2bc=2bc+2b-2c-2\)

<=> \(\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c+1\right)^2=0\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=1\\c=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

suy ra: a=0. Vậy A = a² + b² + c² = 2