Lời giải:
ĐKXĐ: $x>0$

a. \(P=\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}:\left[\frac{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)}+\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)}\right]\)

\(=\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}:\frac{x-1+1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)}=\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}:\frac{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)}=\frac{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}{\sqrt{x}}.\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\frac{(\sqrt{x}+1)^2}{\sqrt{x}}\)

b.

\(x=\frac{4}{4+2\sqrt{3}}=(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1})^2\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1}\)

\(P=\frac{(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1}+1)^2}{\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1}}=\frac{3+3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

a: Ta có: \(P=\left(\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}:\dfrac{x-1+1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

Đề hơi sai sai ý bạn ơi

a) ĐKXĐ: \(x>0;x\ne1;x\ne4\), rút gọn: \(Y=\left(\sqrt{x}-3+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right):\left(\sqrt{x}-1+\dfrac{1}{1-\sqrt{x}}\right)=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}:\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2-1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}+3+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x-2\sqrt{x}+1-1}=\dfrac{x-4\sqrt{x}+4}{x-2\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}\)

\(a.Y=\left(\sqrt{x}-3+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right):\left(\sqrt{x}-1+\dfrac{1}{1-\sqrt{x}}\right)=\dfrac{x-4\sqrt{x}+3+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}:\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1-1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}-1}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}\left(x>0;x\ne1;x\ne4\right)\)

\(b.Y< \dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{1}{2}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-4}{2\sqrt{x}}< 0\)

Do : \(2\sqrt{x}>0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-4< 0\Leftrightarrow x< 16\)

Kết hợp với ĐKXĐ : \(0< x< 16\left(x\ne1;x\ne4\right)\)

b.\(Y< \dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{1}{2}< 0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-4-\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}}< 0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-4}{2\sqrt{x}}< 0.Vìx>0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-4< 0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}< 4\Leftrightarrow x< 16\)Vậy với mọi x sao cho 0<x<16(x\(\notin\left\{1;4\right\}\)) thì Y<\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

a. \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{4}{x-2\sqrt{x}}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\dfrac{4}{x-4}\right)\)

<=> \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

<=> \(P=\dfrac{x-4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

<=> \(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{x-2\sqrt{x}}\)

b. Khi \(x=7+4\sqrt{3}=\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2\) => \(\sqrt{x}=2+\sqrt{3}\)

=> \(P=\dfrac{2+\sqrt{3}+2}{7+4\sqrt{3}-2\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}=\dfrac{4+\sqrt{3}}{7+4\sqrt{3}-4-2\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{4+\sqrt{3}}{3+2\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{5\sqrt{3}-6}{3}\)

check giùm mik

a: Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{4}{x-2\sqrt{x}}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\dfrac{4}{x-4}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{x-4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2+4}{x-4}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

b: Thay \(x=7+4\sqrt{3}\) vào P, ta được:

\(P=\dfrac{2+\sqrt{3}+2}{\sqrt{3}\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}=\dfrac{-6+5\sqrt{3}}{3}\)

a) Tại x=16 thì A = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{16}-1}{\sqrt{16}+2}=\dfrac{4-1}{4+2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

b) B = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1+\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\div\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}}\)

        = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1+x-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}}\times\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}\) 

        = \(\dfrac{x+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

B = \(\dfrac{x+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)= 2

   ⇒ x + 1 = 2\(\sqrt{x}\) 

   ⇒ x - \(2\sqrt{x}\) +1 = 0

   ⇒ \(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\) = 0

   ⇒ \(\sqrt{x}-1=0\)

⇒  x = 1 

\(a,M=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{2-x}{x\sqrt{x}+x}\right)\left(x>0;x\ne1\right)\\ M=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+x-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}:\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+2-2+x}{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\\ M=\dfrac{2x}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\\ M=\dfrac{2x}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)

\(b,M=-\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow-4x=x+\sqrt{x}-2\\ \Leftrightarrow5x+\sqrt{x}-2=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=t\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5t^2+t-2=0\\ \Delta=1^2-4\cdot5\left(-2\right)=41\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{41}}{10}\\t=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{41}}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-\left(1+\sqrt{41}\right)^2}{100}=\dfrac{-42-2\sqrt{41}}{100}\\x=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{41}-1\right)^2}{100}=\dfrac{42-2\sqrt{41}}{100}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-21-\sqrt{41}}{50}\left(L\right)\\x=\dfrac{21-\sqrt{41}}{50}\left(N\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{21-\sqrt{41}}{50}\)

a: Ta có: \(M=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{x-2}{x\sqrt{x}+x}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+x-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}:\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+2+x-2}{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2x}{\sqrt{x}-1}\cdot\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2x\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

a: \(A=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}:\dfrac{x-1-x+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}{3}\)

Đề bạn gõ sai, mình có sửa lại r nha

\(a,A=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}:\dfrac{x-1-x+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{3}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{3}\\ x=5\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}{3}=\dfrac{5-2\sqrt{5}}{3}\\ c,A=-\dfrac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)=-1\Leftrightarrow x-2\sqrt{x}+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(ktm\right)\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)