Nếu \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\)
CMR: (\(x^2+y^2+z^2\))(\(a^2+b^2+c^2\))=\(\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
Cho \(\dfrac{bz+cy}{x\left(-ax+by+cz\right)}=\dfrac{cx+az}{y\left(ax-by+cz\right)}=\dfrac{ay+bx}{z\left(ax+by-cz\right)}\)
CMR : \(\dfrac{ay+bx}{c}=\dfrac{bz+cy}{a}=\dfrac{cx+az}{b}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x}{a\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)}=\dfrac{y}{b\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)}=\dfrac{z}{c\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)}\)
Phương Ann Nhã Doanh đề bài khó wá Mashiro Shiina Đinh Đức Hùng
Nguyễn Huy Tú Lightning Farron Akai Haruma
1) Cho \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
CMR: \(a=b=c=1\)
2) CMR: nếu \(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(ax+by\right)^2\) thì \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}\)
3) Cho \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
CMR: \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)
2) ta có: \(VT=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\) và \(VP=\left(ax+by\right)^2\)
tính hiệu của cả VT và VP
suy ra: \(\left(ay+bx\right)^2=0\Rightarrow ay=bx\)
vì \(x,y\ne0\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}\left(đpcm\right)\)
3)(a2+b2+c2)(x2+y2+z2)=(ax+by+cz)2 (1)
biến đổi đẳng thức (1) thành (ay+bx)2 + (bz-cy)2 +(az-cx)2 =0
\(\Rightarrow\) Đpcm
Cho: \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)và x, y, z khác 0
CMR: \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Giả sử điều cần c/m là đúng . Khi đó , ta có :
\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2a^2+y^2a^2+z^2a^2+x^2b^2+y^2b^2+z^2b^2+x^2c^2+y^2c^2+z^2c^2\)
\(=x^2a^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2+2axby+2bycz+2axcz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2a^2+z^2a^2+x^2b^2+z^2b^2+x^2c^2+y^2c^2=2axby+2bycz+2axcz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2a^2+z^2a^2+x^2b^2+z^2b^2+x^2c^2+y^2c^2-2axby-2bycz-2axcz=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(y^2a^2-2axby+b^2x^2\right)+\left(b^2z^2-2bycz+c^2y^2\right)+\left(x^2c^2-2axcz+a^2z^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ay-bx\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2+\left(cx-az\right)^2=0\left(1\right)\)
Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(ay-bx\right)^2\ge0\\\left(bz-cy\right)^2\ge0\\\left(cx-az\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ay-bx\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2+\left(cx-az\right)^2\ge0\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) ; ( 2 ) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay-bx=0\\bz-cy=0\\cx-az=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay=bx\\bz=cy\\cx=az\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}\\\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\\\dfrac{c}{z}=\dfrac{a}{x}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)
Điều này đúng với GT đề bài cho
\(\Rightarrow\) Điều cần c/m là đúng
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
C/m rằng nếu \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\) với x,y,z khác 0 thì \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)
\(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2x^2+a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2y^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2+c^2z^2\)
\(=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2+2axby+2bycz+2axcz\)
Trừ cả 2 vế cho \(a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2\), ta có:
\(a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2=2axby+2bycz+2axcz\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2-2axby-2bycz-2axcz=0\)
\(\left(a^2y^2+b^2x^2-2axby\right)+\left(a^2z^2+c^2z^2-2axcz\right)+\left(b^2z^2+c^2y^2-2bycz\right)=0\)
\(\left(ay-bx\right)^2+\left(az-cx\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(ay-bx\right)^2\ge0\\\left(az-cx\right)^2\ge0\\\left(bz-cy\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay-bx=0\\az-cx=0\\bz-cy=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay=bx\\az=cx\\bz=cy\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)
=> đpcm
Cho: \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)và x, y, z khác 0
CMR: \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}=\frac{1}{k}\Rightarrow x=ak;y=bk;y=ck\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\frac{a^2k^2+b^2k^2+c^2k^2}{\left(a^2k+b^2k+c^2k\right)^2}=\frac{k^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{k^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Mạo phép sửa đề!CMR: \(\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\frac{3}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{ax}=\frac{y^2}{by}=\frac{z^2}{cz}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{ax+by+cz}\) (t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{\left(ax\right)^2}=\frac{y^2}{\left(by\right)^2}=\frac{z^2}{\left(cz\right)^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}\) (1)
Lại có: \(\frac{x^2}{\left(ax\right)^2}=\frac{y^2}{\left(by\right)^2}=\frac{z^2}{\left(cz\right)^2}=\) \(\frac{x^2}{a^2x^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2y^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2z^2}=\frac{1}{a^2}=\frac{1}{b^2}=\frac{1}{c^2}=\frac{3}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Cho a,b,c,x,y,z là các số thực khác 0,thỏa:
\(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\).CMR:\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Đặt x/a=y/b=z/c=k
=>x=ak; y=bk; z=ck
\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2k^2+b^2k^2+c^2k^2}{a^4k^2+b^4k^2+c^4k^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(Cho\) \(ax+by+cz=0;a+b+c=\dfrac{1}{2018}\) . CMR: \(\dfrac{ax^{2\:}+by^2+cz^2}{bc\left(y-z\right)^2+ac\left(x-z\right)^2+ab\left(x-y\right)^2}=2018\)
Chứng minh rằng nếu \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\) thì:
\(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
\(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}\\\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\\\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{z}{c}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay=bx\\bz=cy\\az=cx\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay-bx=0\\bz-cy=0\\az-cx=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ax-by\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2+\left(az-cx\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2x^2-2axby+b^2y^2\right)+\left(b^2z^2-2bzcy+c^2y^2\right)+\left(a^2z^2-2azcx+c^2x^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2x^2+b^2x^2+c^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2y^2+c^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2z^2+c^2z^2-\left(a^2x^2+b^2b^2+c^2y^2+2axby+2azcx+2bzcy\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+y^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+z^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ax+ab+cz\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
Ta có : \(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\) ( theo bđt Bu-nhi-a Cop-xki )
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\)
Vậy nếu \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\) thì \(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
Áp dụng Bunyakovsky:
\(\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
Dấu "=" khi: \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\) hay \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\) thì thỏa mãn đẳng thức
p/s: Tham khảo,vì t biết lớp 8 chưa học Bunyakovsky,đúng ko Phùng Khánh Linh
cho \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\) rut gon\(\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^22}\)