\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{3,24}{27}=0,12(mol)\\ 4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ Al_2O_3+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=0,06(mol)\Rightarrow n_{AlCl_3}=0,12(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m=m_{AlCl_3}=0,12.133,5=16,02(g)\)

TN1: Gọi CTHH của oxit là Y₂O_n

\(n_Y=\dfrac{m}{M_Y}\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{Y_2O_n}=\dfrac{m}{2.M_Y}\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(\dfrac{m}{2.M_Y}\left(2.M_Y+16n\right)=1,381m\)

=> \(M_Y=21n\left(g/mol\right)\)

Xét n = 1 => L

Xét n = 2 => L

Xét n = 3 => L

Xét n = \(\dfrac{8}{3}\) => M_Y = 56 (Fe)

TN2:

\(m_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{100.15,24}{100}=15,24\left(g\right)\)

=> \(n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{15,24}{127}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn Fe: n_Fe = 0,12 (mol)

=> m = m_Fe = 0,12.56 = 6,72 (g)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

=> n_H2 = 0,12 (mol)

=> V = 0,12.22,4 = 2,688 (l)

n_HCl = 0,24 (mol)

=> m_HCl = 0,24.36,5 = 8,76 (g)

m_{dd HCl} = 100 + 0,12.2 - 6,72 = 93,52 (g)

\(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{8,76}{93,52}.100\%=9,367\%\)

Bài 2:

\(PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,45\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=2.0,45=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{Fe}=0,45.56=25,2\left(g\right)\\ b,C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,15}=6\left(M\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{Ca}=\dfrac{6}{40}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Ca+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CaO\)

\(n_{CaO}=n_{Ca}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CaO}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)

\(2Ca+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CaO\\ n_{Ca}=\dfrac{6}{40}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CaO}=n_{Ca}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ m_{CaO}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: 

Đáp án B

Chỉ xét kim loại trước H, nếu ko được, chọn Cu

Nhận xét: theo bảo toàn e: 2a + nb = 0,05.2 = 0,1

3a + mb = 0,045.4= 0,18 mol →như vậy m > 3 đoán ra Sn

56 a + 119 b = 4 , 69 a + b = 0 , 05 → a = 0 , 02 b = 0 , 03

%m_M= 0,03.119/4,69 = 76,12%