Ta có: \(3x^2+3y^2+4xy+2x-2y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1+y^2-2y+1+2x^2+4xy+2y^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)^2=0\)

Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)

\(2\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)

Do đó: \(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y-1=0\\x+y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=1\\-1+1=0\left(đúng\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay x=-1 và y=1 vào biểu thức \(M=\left(x+y\right)^{2016}+\left(x+2\right)^{2017}+\left(y-1\right)^{2018}\), ta được: 

\(M=\left(-1+1\right)^{2016}+\left(-1+2\right)^{2017}+\left(1-1\right)^{2018}\)

\(=0^{2016}+1^{2017}+0^{2018}=1\)

Vậy: M=1

a) a là 1 nghiệm \(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2}a^2+a-1=0\Leftrightarrow2a^4=\left(1-a\right)^2=a^2-2a+1\)

\(\Rightarrow2a^4-2a+3=a^2-2a+1-2a+3=\left(a-2\right)^2\)

\(\sqrt{2\left(2a^4-2a+3\right)}+2a^2=\sqrt{2}\left(a-2\right)+2a^2\)(1)

mà \(\sqrt{2}a^2+a-1=0\Rightarrow2a^2+\sqrt{2}a-\sqrt{2}=0\)

(1)= \(2a^2+\sqrt{2}a-2\sqrt{2}=-\sqrt{2}\)

...

b) find nghiệm nguyên dương:

\(Pt\Leftrightarrow x^2+2y^2+2xy-2\left(x+2y\right)+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x\left(y-1\right)+\left(2y^2-4y+1\right)=0\)\(\Delta'=\left(y-1\right)^2-\left(2y^2-4y+1\right)=-y^2+2y\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0\le y\le2\) kết hợp \(y\in N\)=> ....

Theo bài ra , ta có : 

\(2x^2+2y^2+2x+2y+2xy=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x+1=0\\y+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=y=-1}\)

Thay x = y = -1 vào A ta được : 

\(A=\left(x+2\right)^{2016}+\left(y+1\right)^{2017}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(-1+2\right)^{2016}+\left(-1+1\right)^{2017}=1^{2016}+0=1\)

Vậy A=1 

Chúc bạn học tốt =)) 

\(5x^2+5y^2+8xy-2x+2y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+8xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)

Ta thấy \(VT\ge VP\forall x;y\) để đấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=-1\) thay vào M :

\(M=\left(-1+1\right)^{2015}+\left(1-2\right)^{2016}+\left(-1+1\right)^{2017}=1\)

\(y\left(x+1\right)^2=-x^2+2018x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{-x^2+2018x-1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=-1+\dfrac{2020x}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2020x}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\in Z\)

Mà x và \(x\left(x+2x\right)+1\) nguyên tố cùng nhau

\(\Rightarrow2020⋮\left(x+1\right)^2\)

Ta có 2020 chia hết cho đúng 2 số chính phương là 1 và 4

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)^2=1\\\left(x+1\right)^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=\left\{0;1\right\}\) \(\Rightarrow y\)

b.

Từ pt đầu:

\(x^2+xy-2y^2+2\left(x-y\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+2y\right)+2\left(x-y\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+2y+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-2y-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thế xuống dưới ...

\(x^2+2xy+7.\left(x+y\right)+2y^2+10=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y^2\right)+7.\left(x+y\right)+\dfrac{49}{4}+y^2-\dfrac{9}{4}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+\dfrac{7}{2}^2\right)=\dfrac{9}{4}-y^2\)

\(Do\left(x+y+\dfrac{7}{2}^2\right)\ge0\Rightarrow\dfrac{9}{4}-y^2\ge0\Rightarrow y^2\le\dfrac{9}{4}\)

Mà y nguyên \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^2\\\\y^2=1\end{matrix}\right.=0\)

Thay vào phương trình đầu: 

Với \(y=0\Rightarrow x^2+7x+10=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\\\\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(y=1\Rightarrow x^2+9x+19=0\Rightarrow\) không có x nguyên

Với \(y=-1\Rightarrow x^2+5x+5=0\Rightarrow\) không có x nguyên

Ta có : \(4x^2+2y^2+2z^2-4xy-4zx+2yz-6y-10z+34=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(4x^2+y^2+z^2-4xy-4zx+2yz\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(z^2-10z+25\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-y-z\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+\left(z-5\right)^2=0\)

Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x-y-z\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y,z\\\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\forall y\\\left(z-5\right)^2\ge0\forall z\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x-y-z\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\\\left(z-5\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y-z=0\\y-3=0\\z-5=0\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-3-5=0\\y=3\\z=5\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x=8\\y=3\\z=5\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=3\\z=5\end{cases}}\left(1\right)\)

Lại có : \(S=\left(x-4\right)^{2017}+\left(y-4\right)^{2017}+\left(z-4\right)^{2017}\)

Thay \(\left(1\right)\)vào \(S\),ta được :

\(S=0^{2017}+\left(-1\right)^{2017}+1^{2017}\)

    \(=0-1+1=0\)

Vậy \(S=0\)