Đáp án C

Các phương trình phản ứng:

Rắn Y là Fe₃O₄ và có thể A1₂O₃ dư. Dung dịch X có chứa A l O 2 -

\(n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{OH^-}=1,5.0,1+0,1.2=0,35\left(mol\right)\\ 2>T=\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,3}=\dfrac{7}{6}>1\\ PTHH:CO_2+2OH^-\rightarrow CO^{2-}_3+H_2O\left(1\right)\\CO_2+OH^-\rightarrow HCO^-_3\left(2\right)\\ Đặt:n_{CO_2\left(1\right)}=a\left(mol\right);n_{CO_2\left(2\right)}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,3\\2a+b=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow Tạo:CO^{2-}_3,HCO^-_3\\ Ca^{2+}+CO^{2-}_3\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow\\ n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO^{2-}_3}=a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m=m_{CaCO_3}=0,05.100=5\left(g\right)\)

\(\begin{array}{l} a,\\ PTHH:\\ AlCl_3+3KOH\to Al(OH)_3\downarrow+3KCl\ (1)\\ 2Al(OH)_3\xrightarrow{t^o} Al_2O_3+3H_2O\ (2)\\ b,\\ n_{KOH}=\dfrac{3,36}{56}=0,06\ (mol)\\ Theo\ pt\ (1):\ n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{KOH}=0,02\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,02\times 133,5=2,67\ (g)\\ c,\\ Theo\ pt\ (1):\ n_{Al(OH)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{KOH}=0,02\ (mol)\\ Theo\ pt\ (2):\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al(OH)_3}=0,01\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,01\times 102=1,02\ (g)\end{array}\)

a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

⇒ m_FeO = 12,6 - 5,4 = 7,2 (g)

c, Phần này đề cho dd NaOH dư hay vừa đủ bạn nhỉ?

d, Cho hh vào dd H₂SO₄ đặc nguội thì có khí thoát ra.

PT: \(2FeO+4H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+SO_2+4H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{7,2}{72}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

a. \(n_{CO_2}=0,02\left(mol\right);n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,008\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=0,016\\ Tacó:\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,016}{0,02}=0,8\Rightarrow ChỉtạoCa\left(HCO_3\right)_2,CO_2dư\\ 2CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2+H_2O\\ n_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,016\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,016}{0,4}=0,04M\)

\(b.n_{SO_2}=0,18\left(mol\right);n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\Tacó:\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,18}=2,22\Rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right) _2dư\\ SO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2dư}=0,2-0,18=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2dư}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2}=0,1M\)

1. Ta có: m _{dd A} = m_{Fe2O3 (pư)} + m _{dd H2SO4} 

⇒ m_{Fe2O3 (pư)} = 474 - m (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{474-m}{160}\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m.9,8\%}{98}\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{9,8\%m}{98}=3.\dfrac{474-m}{160}\) \(\Rightarrow m=450\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{48}{160}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,45}{3}\), ta được Fe₂O₃ dư.

\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,15.400}{474}.100\%\approx12,66\%\)

2. Sau khi cho 48 (g) Fe₂O₃ vào 450 (g) dd H₂SO₄ thu được thì trong bình chứa dd A: 0,15 (mol) Fe₂(SO₄)₃ và 0,15 (mol) Fe₂O₃ dư.

\(SO_2+Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+2H_2O\rightarrow2H_2SO_4+2FeSO_4\)

0,15________0,15_______________0,3________0,3 (mol)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

0,1___________0,3________0,1 (mol)

\(SO_2+Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+2H_2O\rightarrow2H_2SO_4+2FeSO_4\)

0,1___________0,1______________0,2_________0,2 (mol)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

0,05_________0,15________0,05 (mol)

\(SO_2+Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+2H_2O\rightarrow2H_2SO_4+2FeSO_4\)

_0,05________0,05______________0,1_______0,1 (mol)

⇒ n_SO2 = 0,15 + 0,1 + 0,05 = 0,3 (mol)

⇒ m _{dd B} = 48 + 450 + 0,3.64 = 517,2 (g)

Dd B gồm: FeSO₄: 0,6 (mol) và H₂SO₄: 0,15 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,6.152}{517,2}.100\%\approx17,63\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15.98}{517,2}.100\%\approx2,84\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đáp án B

Rắn X phải có A1 dư vì chỉ có A1 mới phản ứng với dung dịch NaOH tạo khí H₂. Mặt khác do phản ứng hoàn toàn nên Fe₃O₄ hết.