\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\) 
           0,1     0,2         0,1           0,1 
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ m_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2.36,5\right).100}{24,5}=29,795\left(g\right)\\ m_{\text{dd}}=5,6+29,795-\left(0,1.2\right)=35,195\left(g\right)\\ C\%=\dfrac{0,1.127}{35,195}.100\%=36\%\)

a) 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

b)nAl = 2.7/27=0.1mol

2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

(mol) 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.15

VH2 = 0.15*22.4=3.36l

mAlCl3= 0.1*133.5=13.35g

=>C%=\(\dfrac{13,35}{500+27}100=2,533\%\)

BTKL: \(m_{Fe}+m_{HCl}=m_{muối}+m_{H_2}\)

 \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=5,6+7,3-12,7=0,2\left(g\right)\)

a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

 \(m_{HCl}=109,5.10\%=10,95\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Mol:      0,1      0,3         0,1       0,15

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}=\dfrac{0,3}{6}\) ⇒ Al hết, HCl hết

\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

b, \(m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\)

c, m_{dd sau pứ} = 2,7 + 109,5 - 0,15.2 = 111,9 (g)

\(C\%_{ddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{13,35.100\%}{111,9}=11,93\%\)

PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{109,5\cdot10\%}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}=\dfrac{0,3}{6}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Al và HCl đều p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1\cdot133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,15\cdot2=0,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Al}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=111,9\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{13,35}{111,9}\cdot100\%\approx11,93\%\)

a. \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Khối lượng muối thu được:

\(m_{AlCl_3}=n_{AlCl_3}.M_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

b. Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{Al}.3}{2}=\dfrac{0,2.3}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Thể tích khí hiđro thu được:

\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2|\)

        1           1              1          1

      0,1       0,1            0,1        0,1

a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{FeSO4}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{FeSO4}=0,1.152=15,2\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H2SO4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{10}=98\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2(mol)\\ a,Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4(g)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.2....................0.2........0.2\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=0.2\cdot127=25.4\left(g\right)\)

Câu 3:

c, Từ phần trên, có n_H2 = n_Fe = 0,1 (mol)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\), ta được Fe₂O₃ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: `Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`

            0,1-->0,2----->0,1------>0,1

`=> m_{FeCl_2} = 0,1.127 = 12,7 (g)`

b) `V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)`

c) `n_{Fe_2O_3} = (16)/(160) = 0,1 (mol)`

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(0,1>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\Rightarrow\) Fe₂O₃

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

            \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=n.M=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\)

=> sau pư, H₂ hết và Fe₂O₃ dư

=> theo \(n_{H_2}\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,1=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Fe}=n.M=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)

PTHH:

Na2CO3 + 2HCl -----> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2   (1)

K2CO3 + 2HCl -----> 2KCl + H2O + CO2      (2)

NaOH + HCl ----> NaCl + H2O      (3)

Gọi n Na2CO3 = a  ,  n K2CO3 = b (mol)

Theo pt(1)(2) tổng n CO2= a+b=\(\frac{5,6}{22,4}\)=0,25  (I)

n HCl = 1,5 . 0,4= 0,6 (mol)

Theo pt(1)(2) tổng n HCl pư=2 (a+b)=0,5 (mol)

==> n HCl dư= 0,1 mol

Theo pt(3) n NaCl= n HCl=0,1 mol   ==> m NaCl=5,85 (g)

Theo pt(1)(2) n NaCl=2a  ==> m NaCl= 117a

                       n KCl=2b ==> m KCl= 149b

===> 117a + 149b + 5,85 = 39,9

-----> 117a + 149b = 34,05 (II)

Từ (I)và (II) ==> a=0,1 và b=0,15

==>m hh = 0,1 . 106 + 0,15 . 138= 31,3(g)

m Na2CO3=10,6 (g)

%m Na2CO3 = \(\frac{10,6}{31,3}\) . 100%= 33,87%

%m K2CO3 = 10% - 33,87% = 66,13%