Cho a,,b,c là các số khác nhau đôi môt thỏa mãn:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\)
Rút gọn biểu thức
A =\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+2bc}-\dfrac{1}{b^2+2ca}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+2ab}\)
Cho a, b, c khác nhau đôi một và \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\). Rút gọn các biểu thức:
a) M= \(\dfrac{1}{a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+2ac}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+2ab}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}bc=-ab-ac\\ab=-bc-ac\\ac=-ab-bc\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(M=\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc-ab-ac}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+ac-ab-bc}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab-bc-ac}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(b-c\right)-a\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(c-a\right)-b\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{b-c-\left(a-c\right)+a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=0\)
Cho các số a, b, c khác 0 thỏa mãn: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\)
Tính \(S=\dfrac{2013a^2-2014}{a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{2013b^2-2014}{b^2+2ca}+\dfrac{2013c^2-2014}{c^2+2ab}\)
Ta có kết quả tổng quát hơn như sau:
Cho $a,b,c \neq 0$ thỏa mãn $\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0.$
Chứng minh rằng $$S={\frac {k{a}^{2}-k-1}{{a}^{2}+2\,bc}}+{\frac {{b}^{2}k-k-1}{2\,ac+{b}^{2}}}+{\frac {{c}^{2}k-k-1}{2\,ab+{c}^{2}}}=k$$
Cho a, b, c đôi một khác nhau và khác 0 không thỏa mãn:
(a+b+c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2
Tính giá trị biểu thức: A = \(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}\) + \(\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}\) + \(\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}\)
mk cần gấp mong mn giúp đỡ, cảm ơn mn rất nhiều.
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\Leftrightarrow bc=-ab-ac\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+bc-ac-ab}=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
CMTT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}=\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\\\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=1\)
+) Cho các số dương a,b,c thỏa mãn: a+2b+3c=3
CM: \(\sqrt{\dfrac{2ab}{2ab+9c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2bc}{2bc+a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ac}{ac+2b}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
+) Cho a,b,c >0 và a+b+c≤3
Tìm min P\(=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+a^2}\)
1. Cho a,b,c ≠0 thỏa mãn: (a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2
Rút gọn:
\(M=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}\)
2. Cho a+b+c=0
Rút gọn:
\(A=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc}{\left(a-b\right)^3+\left(b-c\right)^3+\left(c-a\right)^3}\)
Bài 1:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\Leftrightarrow bc=-ab-ac\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+bc-ab-ac}=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
CMTT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}=\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}\\\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(M=\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=1\)
Bài 2:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)+c^3-3abc-3a^2b-3ab^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)(do \(a+b+c=0\))
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{0}{\left(a-b\right)^3+\left(b-c\right)^3+\left(c-a\right)^3}=0\)
1. Cho a,b >0
Tìm min: Q= \(\sqrt{a^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}}+\sqrt{b^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}}\)
2. Cho a,b,c >0 và a+b+c ≤ 1
Tìm min P=\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+2ca}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+2ab}\)
\(1,\text{Áp dụng Mincopxki: }\\ Q\ge\sqrt{\left(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{2^2+2^2}=\sqrt{8}=2\sqrt{2}\\ \text{Dấu }"="\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(2,\text{Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz: }\\ P\ge\dfrac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{1}=9\\ \text{Dấu }"="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Cho các số thực dương a,b,c.
CMR: \(\dfrac{bc}{a^2+2bc}\) + \(\dfrac{ca}{b^2+2ca}\) + \(\dfrac{ab}{c^2+2ab}\) ≤ 1
Cho a,b,c là các số dương thỏa mản: a+b+c=3.
\(CMR:\dfrac{1}{2ab^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{2bc^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{2ca^2+1}\ge1\)
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=1-\frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}+1-\frac{2bc^2}{2bc^2+1}+1-\frac{2ca^2}{2ca^2+1}\)
\(\text{VT}=3-\underbrace{\left( \frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2}{2ca^2+1}\right)}_{N}\) (1)
Áp dụng BĐT Am-Gm:
\(2ab^2+1=ab^2+ab^2+1\geq 3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^4}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}\leq \frac{2ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^4}}=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt[3]{ab^2}\)
Tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế, suy ra :
\(N\leq \frac{2}{3}(\sqrt[3]{ab^2}+\sqrt[3]{bc^2}+\sqrt[3]{ca^2})\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt[3]{ab^2}\leq \frac{a+b+b}{3}\); \(\sqrt[3]{bc^2}\leq \frac{b+c+c}{3}; \sqrt[3]{ca^2}\leq \frac{c+a+a}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow N\leq \frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{a+b+b}{3}+\frac{b+c+c}{3}+\frac{c+a+a}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N\leq \frac{2}{3}(a+b+c)=2\) (2)
Từ \((1),(2)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq 1\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT B.C.S ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{2ab^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{2bc^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{2ca^2+1}\ge\dfrac{9}{2ab^2+2bc^2+2ca^2+3}\)
Ta phải chứng minh \(\dfrac{9}{2ab^2+2bc^2+2ca^2+3}\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2ab^2+2bc^2+2ac^2+3\le9\) do a,b,c dương nên chia cả hai vế cho abc ta được: \(2\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{3}{abc}\le\dfrac{9}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\le\dfrac{6}{abc}\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\) Bất đẳng thức cuối luôn đúng thật vậy:
áp dụng BĐT AM - GM :
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=1-\frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}+1-\frac{2bc^2}{2bc^2+1}+1-\frac{2ca^2}{2ca^2+1}\)
\(\text{VT}=3-\underbrace{\left( \frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2} {2ca^2+1}\right)}_{N}\) (1)
Áp dụng BĐT Am-Gm:
\(2ab^2+1=ab^2+ab^2+1\geq 3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^4}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}\leq \frac{2ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^4}}=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt[3]{ab^2}\)
Tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế, suy ra :
\(N\leq \frac{2}{3}(\sqrt[3]{ab^2}+\sqrt[3]{bc^2}+\sqrt[3]{ca^2})\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt[3]{ab^2}\leq \frac{a+b+b}{3}\); \(\sqrt[3]{bc^2}\leq \frac{b+c+c}{3}; \sqrt[3]{ca^2}\leq \frac{c+a+a}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow N\leq \frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{a+b+b}{3}+\frac{b+c+c}{3}+\frac{c+a+a}{3}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow N\leq \frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{a+b+b}{3}+\frac{b+c+c}{3}+\frac{c+a+a}{3}\right)\) (2)
Từ \((1),(2)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq 1\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Cho a,b,c khác nhau đôi một và \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\) .Rút gọn các biểu thức sau"
\(M=\dfrac{1}{a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+2ac}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+2ab}\)
Ta có : 1/M=a2+2bc+b2+2ac+c2+2ab
=(a+b+c)2 ➝ M=1/(a+b+c)2
mik nghĩ là thế
Có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\)
\(1\Leftrightarrow a^2+2bc=a^2+bc-ab-ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2bc=a\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2bc=\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
\(2\Leftrightarrow b^2+2ac=b^2+ac-ab-bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+2ac=b\left(b-c\right)-a\left(b-c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+2ac=\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)\)
\(3.c^2+2ab=c^2+ab-bc-ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c^2+2ab=c\left(c-b\right)-a\left(c-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c^2+2ab=\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{b-c-a+c+a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=0\)