a, \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)

b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=4,4-2,4=2\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{2}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Mg}+n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7}{19,6\%}=75\left(g\right)\)

a, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,479}{24,79}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(MgO+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2O\)

\(MgCO_3+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+CO_2+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.84}{10,4}.100\%\approx80,77\%\\\%m_{MgO}\approx19,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{10,4-0,1.84}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=2n_{MgO}+2n_{MgCO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{CH_3COOH}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

               a_______a________a______a                  (mol)

           \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

              b_______\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b_________\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)b_____\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b              (mol)

a) Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=8,25\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Leftrightarrow\) Hệ có nghiệm âm   

*Bạn xem lại đề !!!

\(a)Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ b)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1mol\\ m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6g\\ m_{Fe_2O_3}=21,6-5,6=16g\\ c)n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1+0,1.3=0,4mol\\ C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8M\)

a)

$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
$MgO + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2O$

n Mg = n H2 = 2,24/22,4 = 0,1(mol)

%m Mg = 0,1.24/6,4  .100% = 37,5%
%m MgO = 100% -37,5% = 62,5%

b)

=> n MgO = (6,4 - 0,1.24)/40  = 0,1(mol)

=> n H2SO4 = n Mg + n MgO = 0,2(mol)

=> C% H2SO4 = 0,2.98/200  .100% = 9,8%

c)

n MgSO4 = n Mg + n MgO = 0,2(mol)

Sau phản ứng : 

m dd = 6,4 + 200 - 0,1.2 = 206,2(gam)

C% MgSO4 = 0,2.120/206,2  .100% = 11,64%

Bài 1:

PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

            \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{37,6}\cdot100\%\approx14,89\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=85,11\%\) 

Bài 3: 

PTHH: \(2HNO_3+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=0,05\cdot1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{342\cdot5\%}{171}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{2}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit p/ứ hết, Bazơ còn dư sau p/ứ

\(\Rightarrow\) Dung dịch sau p/ứ làm quỳ tím hóa xanh

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HNO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,025\cdot261=6,525\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

Theo đề bài: \(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{14,2}\cdot100\%\approx45,07\%\)

PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

               a_________________________\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)a   (mol)

            \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

                b_____________________b     (mol)

Ta lập được hệ phương trình \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=14,2-6,4=7,8\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{14,2}\cdot100\%\approx38,03\%\\\%m_{Mg}=100\%-38,03\%-45,07\%=16,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)