Tính:
a, \(\dfrac{3}{\left(1.2\right)^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left(2.3\right)^2}+...+\dfrac{2n+1}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^1}\) tại n= 2014
b, \(\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{2}{3!}+\dfrac{3}{4!}+...+\dfrac{12}{13!}\)
Tìm giới hạn các dãy số sau
a) \(lim\dfrac{2^n+6^n-4^{n-1}}{3^n+6^{n+1}}\)
b) \(lim\dfrac{1+3+5+...+\left(2n+1\right)}{3n^2+4}\)
c) \(lim\dfrac{1+2+3+...+n}{n^2-3}\)
d) \(lim\left[\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]\)
e) \(lim\left[\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\right]\)
\(a=lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{6}\right)^n+1-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{6}\right)^n}{\left(\dfrac{3}{6}\right)^n+6}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(b=\lim\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{3n^2+4}=\lim\dfrac{n^2+2n+1}{3n^2+4}=\lim\dfrac{1+\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{3+\dfrac{4}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(c=\lim\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2\left(n^2-3\right)}=\lim\dfrac{n^2+n}{2n^2-6}=\lim\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{n}}{2-\dfrac{6}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(d=\lim\left[1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right]=\lim\left[1-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right]=1\)
\(e=\lim\dfrac{1}{2}\left[1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right]\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{1}{2}\left[1-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right]=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
rút gọn phân thức:\(A=\dfrac{3}{\left(1.2\right)^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left(2.3\right)^2}+\dfrac{7}{\left(3.4\right)^2}+...+\dfrac{2n+1}{\left[n\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{3}{\left(1\cdot2\right)^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left(2\cdot3\right)^2}+\dfrac{7}{\left(3\cdot4\right)^2}+...+\dfrac{2n+1}{\left[n\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{3}{1\cdot4}+\dfrac{5}{4\cdot9}+\dfrac{7}{9\cdot16}+...+\dfrac{2n+1}{n^2\cdot\left(n^2+2n+1\right)}\)
\(A=1-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{16}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}-\dfrac{1}{n^2+2n+1}\)
\(A=1-\dfrac{1}{n^2+2n+1}\)
\(A=\dfrac{n\left(n+2\right)}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
1, rút gọn
\(A=\dfrac{3}{\left(1.2\right)^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left(2.3\right)^2}+....+\dfrac{2n+1}{\left[n\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{3}{\left(1.2\right)^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left(2.3\right)^2}+...+\dfrac{2n+1}{\left[n\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{1.4}+\dfrac{5}{4.9}+...+\dfrac{2n+1}{n^2\left(n^2+2n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{9}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}-\dfrac{1}{n^2+2n+1}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{n^2+2n+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{n^2+2n}{n^2+2n+1}=\dfrac{n\left(n+2\right)}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
Xét thừa số tổng quát:
\(\dfrac{k}{\left(\dfrac{k-1}{2}.\dfrac{k+1}{2}\right)^2}\)\(=\dfrac{k}{\left(\dfrac{\left(k-1\right)\left(k+1\right)}{4}\right)^2}=\dfrac{k}{\left(\dfrac{\left(k-1\right)\left(k+1\right)}{4}\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{k}{\dfrac{\left[\left(k-1\right)\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}{16}}=\dfrac{k}{\dfrac{\left(k^2-1\right)^2}{16}}=\dfrac{16k}{\left(k^2-1\right)^2}\)
Thay \(k=3;5;....2n+1\) ta được:
\(\dfrac{16.3}{\left(3^2-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{16.5}{\left(5^2-1\right)^2}+....+\dfrac{16.n}{\left(n^2-1\right)^2}\)
\(=16.\left(\dfrac{3}{\left(3^2-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left(5^2-1\right)^2}+...+\dfrac{n}{\left(n^2-1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=16.\left(\dfrac{3}{\left[\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)\right]^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left[\left(5-1\right)\left(5+1\right)\right]^2}+...+\dfrac{n}{\left[\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}\right)\)
\(=16.\left(\dfrac{3}{4.16}+\dfrac{5}{16.36}+...+\dfrac{n}{\left(n-1\right)^2.\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{12}{4.16}+\dfrac{20}{16.36}+...+\dfrac{4n}{\left(n-1\right)^2.\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{36}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)^2}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{4\left(n+1\right)^2}-\dfrac{4}{4\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2-4}{4\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)=\dfrac{4\left(n+1\right)^2-16}{4\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left[\left(n+1\right)^2-4\right]}{4\left(n+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2-4}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
Tính tổng
S = \(\dfrac{3}{\left(1.2\right)^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left(2.3\right)^2}+....+\dfrac{2n+1}{[n\left(n+1\right)]^2}\)
Lời giải:
Xét số hạng tổng quát:
\(\frac{2n+1}{[n(n+1)]^2}=\frac{1}{n(n+1)}.\frac{2n+1}{n(n+1)}=\frac{n+1-n}{n(n+1)}.\frac{n+(n+1)}{n(n+1)}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\left(\frac{1}{n}+\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=\frac{1}{n^2}-\frac{1}{(n+1)^2}\)
Do đó:
\(S=\frac{3}{(1.2)^2}+\frac{5}{(2.3)^2}+....+\frac{2n+1}{[n(n+1)]^2}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}-\frac{1}{(n+1)^2}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{(n+1)^2}\)
Chứng minh các mệnh đề sau:
\(a,1^2+2^2+...+n^2=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\) \(\forall n\in N\) *
\(b,1.2+2.3+...+n\left(n+1\right)=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{3}\) \(\forall n\in N\) *
a, Tính: M = \(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{35}+...+\dfrac{3}{9603}+\dfrac{3}{9999}\)
b, Chứng tỏ: S = \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+\dfrac{1}{8^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}< \dfrac{1}{4}\left(n\in N,n\ge2\right)\)
a: \(M=\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{5\cdot7}+...+\dfrac{2}{97\cdot99}+\dfrac{2}{99\cdot101}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{3}{10}-\dfrac{3}{202}=\dfrac{150}{101}\)
b:
1, Tính hợp lí
\(A=\dfrac{0.5+\dfrac{7}{12}-\dfrac{5}{6}}{1-\dfrac{2}{3}+0,75}\)
\(B=-66.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{11}\right)+124.\left(-37\right)+126.\left(-62\right)\)
\(N=\left(60\dfrac{7}{13}+50\dfrac{8}{13}-11.\dfrac{2}{13}\right)x\) (Với \(x=-2017\dfrac{7}{10}\))
\(M=\left(1-\dfrac{2}{2.3}\right).\left(1-\dfrac{2}{3.4}\right).\left(1-\dfrac{2}{4.5}\right).....\left(1-\dfrac{2}{99.100}\right)\)
1) Tìm x biết:
\(\left(1-\dfrac{3}{10}-x\right):\left(\dfrac{19}{10}-1-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)+\dfrac{4}{5}=1\)
2) Tính nhanh
a)\(\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{10.11.12}\)
b)\(\dfrac{1^2}{1.2}.\dfrac{2^2}{2.3}.\dfrac{3^2}{3.4}.\dfrac{4^2}{4.5}\)
câu b bài 2:
\(\dfrac{1^2}{1\cdot2}\cdot\dfrac{2^2}{2\cdot3}\cdot\dfrac{3^2}{3\cdot4}\cdot\dfrac{4^2}{4\cdot5}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
câu a bài 2:
\(\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4\cdot5}+...+\dfrac{1}{10\cdot11\cdot12}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}-...-\dfrac{1}{12}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{11}{12}\)
Tính hợp lý:
\(A=\dfrac{7}{12}+\dfrac{5}{12}:6-\dfrac{11}{36}\) \(B=\left(\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right):\left(\dfrac{3}{13}-\dfrac{8}{13}\right)\)
\(C=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{5}{11}\right):\left(\dfrac{5}{12}+1-\dfrac{7}{11}\right)\)
a: \(A=\dfrac{7}{12}+\dfrac{5}{72}-\dfrac{11}{36}=\dfrac{42}{72}+\dfrac{5}{72}-\dfrac{22}{72}=\dfrac{25}{72}\)
b: \(B=\dfrac{8+5}{10}:\dfrac{-5}{13}=\dfrac{13}{10}\cdot\dfrac{13}{-5}=-\dfrac{169}{100}\)
c: \(C=\left(\dfrac{88}{132}-\dfrac{33}{132}+\dfrac{60}{132}\right):\left(\dfrac{55}{132}+\dfrac{132}{132}-\dfrac{84}{132}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{88-33+60}{55+132-84}=\dfrac{115}{103}\)