đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
CMR : \(\dfrac{a}{3a+b}=\dfrac{c}{3c+d}\)
1) ghpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^3-y^3=x+2y\\52x^2-82xy+21y^2=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)
2) cho a,b,c thoa \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,b,c>0\\a+2b+3c\ge10\end{matrix}\right.\) CMR \(a+b+c+\dfrac{3}{4a}+\dfrac{9}{8b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{13}{2}\)
Bài 1)
Đưa về đồng bậc:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^3-y^3=x+2y\\52x^2-82xy+21y^2=-9\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow-9\left(4x^3-y^3\right)=\left(x+2y\right)\left(52x^2-82xy+21y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 8x^3+2x^2y-13xy^2+3y^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (4x-y)(x-y)(2x+3y)\Rightarrow \) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\4x=y\\2x=-3y\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay từng TH vào hệ phương trình ban đầu ta thấy chỉ TH \(x=y\) thỏa mãn.
\(\Leftrightarrow (x,y)=(1,1),(-1,-1)\)là nghiệm của HPT
Bài 2)
Đặt \(P=a+b+c+\frac{3}{4a}+\frac{9}{8b}+\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow 4P=4a+4b+4c+\frac{3}{a}+\frac{9}{2b}+\frac{4}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4P=(a+2b+3c)+\left(3a+\frac{3}{a}\right)+\left(2b+\frac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(c+\frac{4}{c}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+\dfrac{3}{a}\ge6\\2b+\dfrac{9}{2b}\ge6\\c+\dfrac{4}{c}\ge4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow 4P\geq (a+2b+3c)+6+6+4\geq 10+6+6+4=26\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\geq \frac{13}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \((a,b,c)=(1,\frac{3}{2},2)\)
1.Cho\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,b,c>0\\a+2b+3c=20\end{matrix}\right.\)Tìm GTNN
P=\(2a+3b+4c+\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{9}{2b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\)
\(P=\dfrac{5a+10b+15c}{4}+\left(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3a}{4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{9}{2b}+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{4}{c}+\dfrac{c}{4}\right)\)
\(\ge\dfrac{5\left(a+2b+3c\right)}{4}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{a}.\dfrac{3a}{4}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{2b}.\dfrac{b}{2}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{c}.\dfrac{c}{4}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{5.20}{4}+3+3+2=33\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2;b=3;c=4
Vậy \(P_{min}=33\)
Hệ phương trình \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ax+by=c\\a'x+b'y=c'\end{matrix}\right.\) có nghiệm duy nhất khi
A.\(\dfrac{a}{a'}=\dfrac{b}{b'}\) B.\(\dfrac{b}{b'}\ne\dfrac{c}{c'}\) C.\(\dfrac{a}{a'}=\dfrac{b}{b'}\ne\dfrac{c}{c'}\) D.\(\dfrac{a}{a'}\ne\dfrac{b}{b'}\)
Bìa 1: Gải các hệ phương trình:
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=3\\3x-4y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) b)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{y}{3}=1\\5x-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2: Gải các hệ phương trình:
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x+y\right)+3\left(x-y\right)=4\\\left(x+y\right)+2\left(x-y\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\) b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)\left(y-1\right)=xy-1\\\left(x-3\right)\left(y+3\right)=xy-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 3: Gải các hệ phương trình:
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=2\\\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{3}{2y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x-2y}=\dfrac{5}{8}\\\dfrac{1}{2x+y}-\dfrac{1}{x-2y}=\dfrac{3}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\) d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-1\right|+\left|y+2\right|=2\\4\left|x-1\right|+3\left|y+2\right|=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 4: Cho hệ phương trình \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(3a-2\right)x+2\left(2b+1\right)y=30\\\left(a+2\right)x-2\left(3b-1\right)y=-20\end{matrix}\right.\) Tìm các giá trị của a,b để hệ phương trình có nghiệm (3;-1)
cảm ơn mn trước ạ ! hehe
3a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=2\\\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{3}{2y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐK: x≠2;y≠\(\dfrac{1}{2}\))
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{x-2}=a;\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=b\) (ĐK: a>0; b>0)
Hệ phương trình đã cho trở thành
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\2a-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\2\left(2-b\right)-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\4-2b-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{7}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Khi đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}=\dfrac{7}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\left(x-2\right)=5\\3\left(2y-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x-14=5\\6y-3=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{7}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\y=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{19}{7};\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
b) Bạn làm tương tự như câu a kết quả là (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{12}{5};\dfrac{-14}{5}\right)\)
c)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐK: x≥1;y≥0)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49\left(x-1\right)=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49x-49=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{218}{49}\\y=\dfrac{4}{49}\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\)
Bài 4:
Theo đề, ta có hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(3a-2\right)-2\left(2b+1\right)=30\\3\left(a+2\right)+2\left(3b-1\right)=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>9a-6-4b-2=30 và 3a+6+6b-2=-20
=>9a-4b=38 và 3a+6b=-20+2-6=-24
=>a=2; b=-5
Giải các hệ phương trình sau bằng cách đặt ẩn số phụ:
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{4}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\);
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{15}{x}-\dfrac{7}{y}=9\\\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{9}{y}=35\end{matrix}\right.\);
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x-y}=\dfrac{5}{8}\\\dfrac{1}{x+y}-\dfrac{1}{x-y}=-\dfrac{3}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\);
d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4}{2x-2y}+\dfrac{5}{3x+y}=-2\\\dfrac{3}{3x+y}-\dfrac{5}{2x-3y}=21\end{matrix}\right.\);
e) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{7}{x-y+2}-\dfrac{5}{x+y-1}=4,5\\\dfrac{3}{x-y+2}+\dfrac{2}{x+y-1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\).
Giải hệ phương trình:
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{6}{y}=9\\\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{6}{y}=7\end{matrix}\right.\) c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{7}{y}=21\\-\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{5}{y}=-11\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=14\\\dfrac{8}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=-8\end{matrix}\right.\) d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{9}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=22\\\dfrac{5}{x}-\dfrac{2}{y}=13\end{matrix}\right.\) e) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}=10\\-\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{7}{y}=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) ĐK xác định : x≠0;y≠0
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{6}{y}=9\\\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{6}{y}=7\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{7}{x}=16\\\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{6}{y}=7\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7}{16}\\y=-\dfrac{42}{17}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {(\(\dfrac{7}{16};-\dfrac{42}{17}\))}
b) Đk xác định : x≠0;y≠0
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=14\\\dfrac{8}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=-8\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{13}{x}=6\\\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=14\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{13}{6}\\y=\dfrac{13}{152}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={(\(\dfrac{13}{6};\dfrac{13}{152}\))}
c) ĐK xác định : x≠0;y≠0
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{7}{y}=21\\-\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{5}{y}=-11\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{y}=10\\\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{7}{y}=21\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{1}{5}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={(\(-\dfrac{1}{7};\dfrac{1}{5}\))}
d) ĐK xác định : x≠0;y≠0
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{9}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=22\\\dfrac{5}{x}-\dfrac{2}{y}=13\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{14}{x}=35\\\dfrac{5}{x}-\dfrac{2}{y}=13\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{5}\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={(0,4;-4)}
e) ĐKXĐ : x≠0;y≠0
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}=10\\-\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{7}{y}=8\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{2}{y}=18\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}=10\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{1}{9}\\x=\dfrac{3}{55}\end{matrix}\right.\) 'Vậy....
cho:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,b,c>0\\a+b+c=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
CMR: \(A=\Sigma\dfrac{1}{5a^2+ab+bc}\ge\dfrac{3}{7}\)
Giải hệ phương trình :
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=12\\\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\dfrac{1}{x}+2\dfrac{1}{y}=6\\2\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\dfrac{1}{x}-6\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-4\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\2\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
e) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=4\\6\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=12\\\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) (1)
ĐK xác định : x≠0 ; y≠0
Đặt ẩn phụ : a = \(\dfrac{1}{x}\) ; b = \(\dfrac{1}{y}\)
Thay vào (1) ta được :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+b=12\\a+b=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a=15\\a+b=-3\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5\\b=-8\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {(\(\dfrac{1}{5};-\dfrac{1}{8}\))}
\(b.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\dfrac{1}{x}+2\dfrac{1}{y}=6\\2\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (2)
ĐK xác định : x≠0 ; y≠0
Đặt ẩn phụ : a = 1/x ; b = 1/y
Thay vào (2) ta được : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5a+2b=6\\2a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5a+2b=6\\4a-2b=6\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9a=12\\2a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{4}{3}\\b=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {(\(\dfrac{3}{4};-3\) )}
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\dfrac{1}{x}-6\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐK xác định : x≠0 ; y ≠0
Áp dụng quy tác cộng đại số ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\dfrac{1}{x}-6\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\dfrac{1}{x}-6\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\3\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=15\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=-13\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{3}{13}\\x=\dfrac{3}{28}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {(\(\dfrac{3}{28};\dfrac{3}{13}\))}
d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-4\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\2\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐK xác định : x≠0 ; y≠0
áp dụng quy tắc cộng đại số ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-4\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\2\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\dfrac{1}{x}-8\dfrac{1}{y}=10\\2\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-5\dfrac{1}{y}=9\\\dfrac{1}{x}-4\dfrac{1}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{5}{9}\\x=-\dfrac{5}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {(\(-\dfrac{5}{11};-\dfrac{5}{9}\))}
e) ĐK xác định x≠0 ; y≠0
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=4\\6\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=4\\18\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=6\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-17\dfrac{1}{x}=-2\\\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{17}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{17}{22}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={(\(\dfrac{17}{2};-\dfrac{17}{22}\))}
Tìm A=abc
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3a-b=0\\\dfrac{9}{4}a+\dfrac{3}{2}b+c=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{-b^3+3abc}{a^3}=9\end{matrix}\right.\)