Question

1) ghpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^3-y^3=x+2y\\52x^2-82xy+21y^2=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)

2) cho a,b,c thoa \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,b,c>0\\a+2b+3c\ge10\end{matrix}\right.\) CMR \(a+b+c+\dfrac{3}{4a}+\dfrac{9}{8b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{13}{2}\)

Answer 1

Bài 1)

Đưa về đồng bậc:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^3-y^3=x+2y\\52x^2-82xy+21y^2=-9\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow-9\left(4x^3-y^3\right)=\left(x+2y\right)\left(52x^2-82xy+21y^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 8x^3+2x^2y-13xy^2+3y^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (4x-y)(x-y)(2x+3y)\Rightarrow \) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\4x=y\\2x=-3y\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay từng TH vào hệ phương trình ban đầu ta thấy chỉ TH \(x=y\) thỏa mãn.

\(\Leftrightarrow (x,y)=(1,1),(-1,-1)\)là nghiệm của HPT

Answer 2

Bài 2)

Đặt \(P=a+b+c+\frac{3}{4a}+\frac{9}{8b}+\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow 4P=4a+4b+4c+\frac{3}{a}+\frac{9}{2b}+\frac{4}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 4P=(a+2b+3c)+\left(3a+\frac{3}{a}\right)+\left(2b+\frac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(c+\frac{4}{c}\right)\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+\dfrac{3}{a}\ge6\\2b+\dfrac{9}{2b}\ge6\\c+\dfrac{4}{c}\ge4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow 4P\geq (a+2b+3c)+6+6+4\geq 10+6+6+4=26\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\geq \frac{13}{2}\) (đpcm)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \((a,b,c)=(1,\frac{3}{2},2)\)