Đáp án:

 m = 1 gam

CMK+=0,5MCMCl−=0,1MCMCO2−3=0,2MCMK+=0,5MCMCl−=0,1MCMCO32−=0,2M

Giải thích các bước giải:

nK2CO3=0,05nK2CO3=0,05 mol

→nK+=0,05.2=0,1mol,nCO2−3=0,05mol→nK+=0,05.2=0,1mol,nCO32−=0,05mol

nCaCl2=0,01nCaCl2=0,01 mol

→nCa2+=0

Đề có cho thể tích dd H₂SO₄ không bạn nhỉ?

PTHH: \(Na_2SO_4+CaCl_2\rightarrow2NaCl+CaSO_4\downarrow\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1\cdot0,5=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{CaCl_2}=0,1\cdot0,4=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Na₂SO₄ dư

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaSO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaCl}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaSO_4}=0,04\cdot136=5,44\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,08}{0,1+0,1}=0,4\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Na_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,2}=0,05\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

CaCl₂ trộn với NaOH không tạo kết tủa nha em!

\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,1.0,1}{0,1+0,3}=0,025M\)

\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,1.0,1+0,2.0,3}{0,1+0,3}=0,175M\)

\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,2.0,3}{0,1+0,3}=0,15M\)

\(n_{Ca^{2+}}=0.1\cdot0.4=0.04\left(mol\right),n_{Ba^{2+}}=0.1\cdot0.2=0.02\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CO_3^{2-}}=0.2\cdot0.3+0.2\cdot0.1=0.08\left(mol\right)\)

\(Ca^{2+}+CO_3^{2-}\rightarrow CaCO_3\)

\(0.04.......0.04.......0.04\)

\(Ba^{2+}+CO_3^{2-}\rightarrow BaCO_3\)

\(0.02.......0.02.......0.02\)

\(m_{\downarrow}=0.04\cdot100+0.02\cdot197=7.94\left(g\right)\)

Sửa đề H₂SO₂ thành H₂SO₄

\(n_{Ba^{2+}}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=0,01.0,1=0,001\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=2.0,001=0,002\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{SO_4^{2-}}=n_{H2SO4}=0,1.0,05=0,005\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=2n_{H2SO4}=2.0,005=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(Ba^{2+}+SO_4^{2-}\rightarrow BaSO_4\)

0,001   0,01           0,01

Xét tỉ lệ : \(0,001< 0,01\Rightarrow SO_4^{2-}dư\)

\(n_{Ba^{2+}\left(pư\right)}=n_{BaSO4}=0,001\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{BaSO4}=0,001.233=0,233\left(g\right)\)

\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)

0,01 0,002

Xét tỉ lệ : \(0,01>0,002\Rightarrow H^+dư\)

\(n_{H^+dư}=0,01-0,002=0,008\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,008}{0,1+0,1}=0,04M\)

\(\Rightarrow pH=-log\left(0,04\right)\approx1,4\)

PTHH: \(Na_2CO_3+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow2NaOH+CaCO_3\downarrow\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1\cdot1=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot1,5=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Ca(OH)₂ dư

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{CaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaCO_3}=0,1\cdot100=10\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

nNa2CO3= 0,1(mol) ; nCa(OH)2=0,15(mol)

a) PTHH: Na2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 -> CaCO3 + 2 NaOH

Vì: 0,1/1 < 0,15/1

=> Na2CO3 hết, Ca(OH)2 dư, tính theo Na2CO3.

=> nCaCO3=nCa(OH)2 (p.ứ)=nNa2CO3= 0,1(mol)

=>m(kết tủa)=mCaCO3=0,1.100=10(g)

b) Vddsau= 100+100=200(ml)=0,2(l)

nNaOH=2.0,1=0,2(mol)

nCa(OH)2(dư)=0,15-0,1=0,05(mol)

=>CMddNaOH=0,2/0,2= 1(M)

CMddCa(OH)2 (dư)= 0,05/ 0,2=0,25(M)