\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)

        1          2               1         1

       0,05    0,1           0,05      0,05 

    \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)

       1           2              1            1

      0,2       0,4            0,2

a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{MgO}=9,2-1,2=8\left(g\right)\)

⁰/₀Mg = \(\dfrac{1,2.100}{9,2}=13,04\)⁰/₀

⁰/₀MgO = \(\dfrac{8.100}{9,2}=86,96\)⁰/₀

b) Có : \(m_{MgO}=8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,1+0,4=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25.100}{14,6}=125\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{MgCl2\left(tổng\right)}=0,05+0,2=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{MgCl2}=0,25.95=23,75\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=9,2+125-\left(0,05.2\right)=134,1\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{23,75.100}{134,1}=17,71\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

Mol:    0,05    0,1           0,05        0,05

PTHH: MgO + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂O

Mol:     0,2         0,4         0,2

\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24.100\%}{9,2}=13,04\%;\%m_{MgO}=100-13,04=86,96\%\)

\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{9,2-0,05.24}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

b,\(m_{HCl}=\left(0,1+0,4\right).36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25.100}{14,6}=125\left(g\right)\)

c,m_{dd sau pứ} = 9,2+125-0,05.2 = 134,1 (g)

 \(C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{\left(0,05+0,2\right).95.100\%}{134,1}=17,71\%\)

\(Mg + 2HCl \rightarrow MgCl_2 + H_2\)     (1)

\(MgO + 2HCl \rightarrow MgCl_2 + H_2O\)      (2)

Khí thu được là H₂

\(n_{H_2}= \dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05 mol\)

Theo PTHH (1):

\(n_{Mg}= n_{H_2}= 0,05 mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}= 0,05 . 24= 1,2 g\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}= 9,2 - 1,2= 8g\)

C%_\(Mg\)= \(\dfrac{1,2}{9,2} .100\)%=13,04%

C%_\(MgO\)= 100% - 13,04%=86,96%

b)

\(n_{MgO}= \dfrac{8}{40}=0,2 mol\)

Theo PTHH (1) và (2):

\(n_{HCl(1)}= 2n_{Mg}= 0,1 mol\)

\(n_{HCl(2)}= 2n_{MgO}= 0,4 mol\)

Suy ra: \(n_{HCl}= n_{HCl(1)} + n_{HCl(2)}\)

                     \(= 0,1 + 0,4= 0,5 mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}= 0,5 . 36,5= 18,25g\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd HCl} = \dfrac{18,25 . 100%}{14,6%}=125 g\)

_c)

\(\)Dung dịch sau pư: MgCl₂

Theo PTHH:

\(n_{MgCl_2}= \dfrac{1}{2} n_{HCl}= 0,25 mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}= 0,25 . 95=23,75g\)

\(m_{dd sau pư} = m_{Mg} + m_{MgO} + m_{dd HCl}- m_{H_2}\)

               \(= 9,2 + 125 + 2 . 0,05\)

             \(=134,1 g\)

C%_{\(MgCl_2\)}=\(\dfrac{23,75}{134,1}. 100\)%=17,71%

Bài 1: gọi a,b là ố mol của Mg và Al

Mg + 2HCl - > MgCl2 + H2 
-a---------------------------------a 
Al + 3HCl -> AlCl3 + 3/2H2 
-b---------------------b-------3/2b- 
Ta có 24a+27b=7.8 g (1) 
Mà bạn thấy nhé! Hòa tan 7,8g kim loại HOÀN TOÀN vào HCl dư mà dung dịch chỉ tăng thêm 7g 
=> 0,8g mất đi là do H2 bay hơi -> nH2 = 0.4 mol 
Có thêm a+3/2b=0.4 (2) 

từ 1 và 2 ta có hệ pt: \(\begin{cases}24a+27b=7,8\\a+\frac{3}{2}b=0,4\end{cases}\)

<=> \(\begin{cases}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{cases}\)

=> mMg =0,1.24=2,4g

=> mAl=7,8-2,4=5,4g

Bài 2: H2+Cl2=>2HCl

Theo định luật bảo toàn thì là 5 lít thôi

H=20%=> V=5:100.20=1lit

 PTHH

Mg + 2HCl ----> MgCl2 + H2      (1)

MgO + 2HCl -----> MgCl2 + H2O (2)

a) Theo pt(1) n Mg = n H2 = \(\frac{1,12}{22,4}\) = 0,05 (mol)

==> m Mg = 0,005 . 24=1,2 (g)

%m Mg =  \(\frac{1,2}{3,2}\). 100%= 37,5%

%m MgO= 100% - 37,5%= 62,5%

b)m dd sau pư = 3,2 + 246,9 - 0,05 . 2=250 (g)

Theo pt(1)(2)  n MgCl2(1) = n Mg = 0,05 mol

                         n MgCl2 (2) = n MgO=\(\frac{3,2-1,2}{40}\)=0,05(mol)

==> tổng n MgCl2 = 0,1 (mol)  ---->m MgCl2 = 9,5 (g)

C%(MgCl2)= \(\frac{9,5}{250}\) .100% = 3,8%

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow Zn+H_2\)

\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow Zn+H_2O\)

Ta có : \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)

=> \(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{14.6}.100=44,52\%\)

=> % m ZnO = 55,48%

\(\text{Đặt }n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+56y=13,9(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2(2)\\ b,\text{Từ 2 PT: }1,5x+y=0,35(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2(g)\)

\(c,n_{HCl(1)}=3n_{Al}=0,3(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{H_2(1)}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl(1)}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14,6\%}=75(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{2,7+75-0,15.2}.100\%=17,25\%\)

\(n_{HCl(2)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2(2)}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m{dd_{HCl(2)}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%=22,92\%\)

a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b) Gọi số mol Al, Fe lần lượt là a,b 

=> 27a + 56b = 13,9

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

a----->3a--------->a------->1,5a______(mol)

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b------>2b-------->b----->b__________(mol)

=> 1,5a + b = 0,35

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1=>m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\b=0,2=>m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) n_HCl = 3a + 2b = 0,7 (mol)

=> m_HCl = 0,7.36,5 = 25,55(g)

=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{25,55.100}{14,6}=175\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd\left(saupu\right)}=13,9+175-2.0,35=188,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{13,35}{188,2}.100\%=7,1\%\\C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{25,4}{188,2}.100\%=13,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{4,55}{65}=0,07(mol)\\ Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ a,n_{HCl}=0,14(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,14}{0,2}=0,7M\\ b,n_{H_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,07.22,4=1,568(l)\\ c,n_{ZnCl_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,07.136=9,52(g)\\ c,ZnCl_2+2AgNO_3\to 2AgCl\downarrow+Zn(NO_3)_2\)

\(m_{dd_{ZnCl_2}}=200.0,8+4,55-0,07.2=164,41(g)\\ n_{AgCl}=0,14(mol);n_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=\dfrac{0,07.189}{164,41+200-0,14.143,5}.100\%=3,84%\)

a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

⇒ m_FeO = 12,6 - 5,4 = 7,2 (g)

c, Phần này đề cho dd NaOH dư hay vừa đủ bạn nhỉ?

d, Cho hh vào dd H₂SO₄ đặc nguội thì có khí thoát ra.

PT: \(2FeO+4H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+SO_2+4H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{7,2}{72}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)