\(P=\dfrac{1}{x^3+y^3}+\dfrac{1}{xy}=\dfrac{1}{x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{3}{3xy}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy}+\dfrac{3}{3xy}\)\(=\dfrac{1}{1-3xy}+\dfrac{3}{3xy}\)

áp dụng BDT Cauchy Scharwarz

\(=>P\ge\)\(\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{1-3xy+3xy}=4+2\sqrt{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\x^3+y^3=\sqrt{3}xy\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\xy=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{3}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải hệ S, P này em sẽ tìm được điểm rơi của bài toán

\(P=\sum\dfrac{1}{x+y+1}\ge\dfrac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)+3}=\dfrac{9}{2.1+3}=\dfrac{9}{5}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

$3=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}$
$\Rightarrow x+y+z\geq 3$

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$\frac{y^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\geq y$

$\frac{z^3}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}\geq z$

$\Rightarrow P+\frac{7}{6}\geq x+y+z=3$

$\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{11}{6}$

Giá trị này đạt tại $x=y=z=1$

\(P=\dfrac{6}{2xy+2yz+2zx}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=8+4\sqrt{3}\)

Ta có :

\(P=\sum\dfrac{x^3}{\sqrt{y^2+3}}\ge\sum\dfrac{x^3}{\sqrt{y^2+xy+yz+zx}}\ge\sum\dfrac{x^3}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\\ \overset{Cosi}{\ge}\sum\dfrac{2x^3}{x+2y+z}\ge2\sum\dfrac{\left(x^2\right)^2}{x^2+2xy+xz}\\ \overset{Svacxo}{\ge}2\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(\overset{Cosi}{\ge}\dfrac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{4\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}\\ \overset{Cosi}{\ge}\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1

\(\sum\dfrac{x^2}{y^2+yz+z^2}\ge\sum\dfrac{x^2}{y^2+\dfrac{y^2+z^2}{2}+z^2}=\dfrac{2}{3}\sum\dfrac{x^2}{y^2+z^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{2}=1\) (BĐT cuối là BĐT Netsbitt)

Câu b là bài IMO 2001 USA, em có thể tìm thấy rất nhiều lời giải

Với a,b,c dưog thì \(\dfrac{x^2}{a}+\dfrac{y^2}{b}+\dfrac{z^2}{c}>=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)

\(P>=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xy+yz+xz+\sqrt{1+x^3}+\sqrt{1+y^3}+\sqrt{1+z^3}}\)

\(\sqrt{1+x^3}=\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(1-x+x^2\right)}< =\dfrac{2+x^2}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2

=>\(P>=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x^2+y^2+z^2+6}=\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+6}\)

Đặt t=(x+y+z)^2(t>=36)

=>P>=2t/t-6

Xét hàm số \(f\left(t\right)=\dfrac{t}{t+6}\left(t>=36\right)\)

\(f'\left(t\right)=\dfrac{6}{\left(t+6\right)^2}>=0,\forall t>=36\)

=>f(t) đồng biến

=>f(t)>=f(36)=6/7

=>P>=12/7

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=2

Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=a;\sqrt{y}=b;\sqrt{z}=c\Rightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3=1\)

\(=\sum\dfrac{a^{12}}{a^6+b^6}=\sum\dfrac{a^6\left(a^6+b^6\right)}{a^6+b^6}-\sum\dfrac{a^6b^6}{a^6+b^6}\\ =\sum a^6-\sum\dfrac{a^6b^6}{a^6+b^6}\\ \overset{Cosi}{\ge}a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^2-\sum\dfrac{a^6b^6}{2a^3b^3}\\ =1-\dfrac{1}{2}\sum a^3b^3=1-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{3}}\)