\(\Rightarrow4A=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{100}\\ \Rightarrow4A-A=\left(4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{100}\right)-\left(1+4+4^2+...+4^{99}\right)\\ \Rightarrow3A=4^{100}-1< 4^{100}=B\\ \Rightarrow A< \dfrac{B}{3}\)

        A =          \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4^3}\) + ...........+ \(\dfrac{1}{4^{100}}\)

       A =          \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\) +  \(\dfrac{1}{4^3}\)+...+ \(\dfrac{1}{4^{99}}\)+  \(\dfrac{1}{4^{100}}\)

4 \(\times\) A =   \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4^3}\) +...+ \(\dfrac{1}{4^{99}}\)

4A - A =   \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4^{100}}\)

      3A =  \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4^{100}}\)

        A = ( \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4^{100}}\)): 3

        A =   \(\dfrac{1}{12}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3\times4^{100}}\)

Đặt A=1/4^2 +...+1/4^100

       4A=1/4+...+1/4^99

      4A-A=(1/4+...+1/4^99)-(1/4^2+...+1/4^100)

     3A=1/4-1/4^100

      A=(1/4-1/4^100)/3

Vậy...

Bài 2: 

b) Gọi \(d\inƯC\left(21n+4;14n+3\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}21n+4⋮d\\14n+3⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}42n+8⋮d\\42n+9⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1⋮d\)

\(\Leftrightarrow d\inƯ\left(1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow d\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

\(\LeftrightarrowƯCLN\left(21n+4;14n+3\right)=1\)

hay \(\dfrac{21n+4}{14n+3}\) là phân số tối giản(đpcm)

Bài 1: 

a) Ta có: \(A=1+2-3-4+5+6-7-8+...-299-300+301+302\)

\(=\left(1+2-3-4\right)+\left(5+6-7-8\right)+...+\left(297+298-299-300\right)+301+302\)

\(=\left(-4\right)+\left(-4\right)+...+\left(-4\right)+603\)

\(=75\cdot\left(-4\right)+603\)

\(=603-300=303\)

Bài 1: 

c) Ta có: \(B=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3B=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3B-B=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}-...-\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2B=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B=\dfrac{3^{99}-1}{3^{99}\cdot2}\)

Bài 2: 

a) Vì tổng của hai số là 601 nên trong đó sẽ có 1 số chẵn, 1 số lẻ

mà số nguyên tố chẵn duy nhất là 2

nên số lẻ còn lại là 599(thỏa ĐK)

Vậy: Hai số nguyên tố cần tìm là 2 và 599

b,Gọi ƯCLN(21n+4,14n+3)=d

21n+4⋮d ⇒42n+8⋮d

14n+3⋮d ⇒42n+9⋮d

(42n+9)-(42n+8)⋮d

1⋮d ⇒ƯCLN(21n+4,14n+3)=1

Vậy phân số 21n+4/14n+3 là phân số tối giản

c,xy-2x+5y-12=0

xy-2x+5y-12+2=0+2

xy-2x+5y-10=2

xy-2x+5y-5.2=-2

x.(y-2)+5.(y-2)=2

(y-2).(x+5)=2

Sau đó bạn tự lập bảng 

A=\(\frac{\left(49+1\right).49}{2}=1225\)

B/3=4100/3=1336,6666666666666....

Từ trên ta suy ra A<B/3

\(4S=4+4^2+4^3+4^4+...+4^{100}\)

\(3S=4S-S=4^{100}-1\Rightarrow3S+1=4^{100}\)

Ta có \(32^{20}=\left(2^5\right)^{20}=2^{100}\)

\(\Rightarrow4^{100}>2^{100}\Rightarrow3S+1>32^{20}\)

a) \(S=1+2+2^2+..+2^{2022}\)

\(2S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2023}\)

\(2S-S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2023}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{2022}\)

\(S=2^{2023}-1\)

b) \(S=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2022}\)

\(3S=3^2+3^3+...+3^{2023}\)

\(3S-S=3^2+3^3+....+3^{2023}-3-3^2-...-3^{2022}\)

\(2S=3^{2023}-3\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{3^{2023}-3}{2}\)

c) \(S=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{2022}\)

\(4S=4^2+4^3+...+4^{2023}\)

\(4S-S=4^2+4^3+...+4^{2023}-4-4^2-...-4^{2022}\)

\(3S=4^{2023}-4\)

\(S=\dfrac{4^{2023}-4}{3}\)

d) \(S=5+5^2+...+5^{2022}\)

\(5S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2023}\)

\(5S-S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2023}-5-5^2-...-5^{2022}\)

\(4S=5^{2023}-5\)

\(S=\dfrac{5^{2023}-5}{4}\)

\(S=\left(1+4\right)+\left(4^2+4^3\right)+...+\left(4^{98}+4^{99}\right)\\ S=\left(1+4\right)+4^2\left(1+4\right)+...+4^{98}\left(1+4\right)\\ S=\left(1+4\right)\left(1+4^2+...+4^{98}\right)=5\left(1+4^2+...+4^{98}\right)⋮5\)

\(S=\left(1+4\right)+...+4^{98}\left(1+4\right)\)

\(=5\left(1+...+4^{98}\right)⋮5\)