a: =(x-3)(2x+5)

b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2+3-2x\right)=0\)

=>(x-2)(5-x)=0

=>x=2 hoặc x=5

c: =>x-1=0

hay x=1

TK

c)=\(\left(x-1\right)^3=0\)=>x=1

b: Ta có: \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+7x\right)^2+22\left(x^2+7x\right)+120-24=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+7x+6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x+6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

a); b) Do tích = 0 

=> Từng thừa số = 0 và ta nhận xét: \(x^2+2;x^2+3>0\)

=> a) \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)

và câu b) \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\x=5\end{cases}}\)

a; *x-1=0 <=>x=1

    *2x+5=0 <=>x=-2,5

    *x²+2=0 <=> ko có x

b; tương tự a

a/ \(\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+5\right)\left(x^2+2\right)=0\)

Vì \(x^2\ge0\Rightarrow x^2+2\ge2>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\2x+5=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)

Bài 1:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=1\\2x^2-5xy=48\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1-2y\left(1\right)\\2x^2-5xy=48\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay (1) vào (2)\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(1-2y\right)^2-5\left(1-2y\right)y=48\Leftrightarrow2\left(1-4y+4y^2\right)-5y+10y^2=48\Leftrightarrow2-8y+8y^2-5y+10y^2=48\Leftrightarrow18y^2-13y-46=0\Leftrightarrow\left(y-2\right)\left(18y+23\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\y=-\frac{23}{18}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=\frac{32}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy (x;y)={(\(-3;2\));(\(\frac{32}{9};-\frac{23}{18}\))}

Bài 2:

a) Đặt a=x²-1(a\(\ge-1\))

Vậy pt\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-4a=5\Leftrightarrow a^2-4a-5=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-5\right)\left(a+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=5\\a=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)

TH1: a=5\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-1=5\Leftrightarrow x^2=6\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{6}\)

TH2: a=-1\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-1=-1\Leftrightarrow x^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\)

Vậy S={\(-\sqrt{6};0;\sqrt{6}\)}

b) \(\left(x+2\right)^2-3x-5=\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+4-3x-5=1-x^2\Leftrightarrow2x^2+x-2=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-1+\sqrt{17}}{4}\\x=\frac{-1-\sqrt{17}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy S={\(\frac{-1+\sqrt{17}}{4};\frac{-1-\sqrt{17}}{4}\)}

c) Đặt a=\(x^2-3x+2\)

Vậy pt\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+2\right)a=3\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-3=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a+3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)

TH1:\(a=1\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=1\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+1=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: a=-3\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=-3\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+5=0\)(vô nghiệm)

Vậy S=\(\left\{\frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2};\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\right\}\)

câu a tự quy đồng cùng  mẫu rồi làm thôi :"))

b) \(\left[x.\left(x-1\right)\right].\left[\left(x-2\right).\left(x+1\right)\right]=24\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right).\left(x^2-x-2\right)=24\)

Đặt \(x^2-x=k\), ta có:

\(k.\left(k-2\right)=24\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k^2-2k+1=25\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(k-1\right)^2=5^2\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}k-1=5\\k-1=-5\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}k=6\\k=-4\end{cases}}}\)

\(k=6\Rightarrow x^2-x=6\Rightarrow x^2-x-6=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2-3x+2x-6=0\Rightarrow x.\left(x-3\right)+2.\left(x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right).\left(x-3\right)=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-2\\x=3\end{cases}}\)

\(k=-4\Rightarrow x^2-x+4=0\Rightarrow x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{15}{4}=0\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=-\frac{15}{4}\left(\text{loại}\right)\)

c)\(x^4+2x^3+5x^2+4x-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+2x^3+2x^2+4x+3x^2-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3.\left(x+2\right)+2x.\left(x+2\right)+3.\left(x^2-2^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right).\left(x^3+5x-6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right).\left(x^3-x^2+x^2-x+6x-6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right).\left[x^2.\left(x-1\right)+x.\left(x-1\right)+6.\left(x-1\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right).\left(x-1\right).\left(x^2+x+6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-2\\x=1\end{cases}\text{vì }x^2+x+6>0\left(\text{tự c/m}\right)}\)

p/s: bn tự kết luận nha :))

Lời giải:

a)

\((x-2)(x-3)+2x=(x-2)^2-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x-2-1)+2x=(x-2)^2-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (x-2)^2-(x-2)+2x=(x-2)^2-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+4=0\Rightarrow x=-4\)

b)

\((x-1)^2+3x(x-1)+7=(2x-1)^2+5(x-3)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2+3x(x-1)+7=x^2+(x-1)^2+2x(x-1)+5(x-3)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x(x-1)+7=x^2+5(x-3)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 6x=22\Rightarrow x=\frac{11}{3}\)

c)

\(5(x^2-2x-1)+2(3x-2)=5(x+1)^2=5(x^2-2x+1)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow -5+2(3x-2)=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 3x-2=5\Rightarrow x=\frac{7}{3}\)

d)

\((x-1)(x^2+x+1)-2x=x(x-1)(x+1)=x(x^2-1)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1-2x=x^3-x\Leftrightarrow -1-x=0\Rightarrow x=-1\)