\(a,P=x^2-2x+5=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(b,Q=2x^2-6x=2\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{9}{4}\right)=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\ge-\dfrac{9}{2}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(c,M=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: Ta có: \(P=x^2-2x+5\)

\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1

a: Ta có: \(A=x^2+2x+5\)

\(=x^2+2x+1+4\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1

A= -x²+2x+3

=>A= -(x²-2x+3)

=>A= -(x²-2.x.1+1+3-1)

=>A=-[(x-1)²+2]

=>A= -(x+1)²-2

Vì -(x+1)² ≤0=> A≤-2

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi

-(x+1)²=0 => x=-1

Vây A lớn nhất= -2 khi x= -1

B=x²-2x+4y²-4y+8

=> B= (x²-2x+1)+(4y²-4y+1)+6

=> B=(x-1)²+(2y+1)²+6

=> B lớn nhất=6 khi x=1 và y=-1/2

a) \(P=x^2-2x+5\)

\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)

\(MinP=4\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Rightarrow x=1\)

b) \(Q=2x^2-6x\)

\(=2\left(x^2-3x\right)\)

\(=2\left(x^2-2.x.\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{4}-\frac{9}{4}\right)\)

\(=2\left(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{4}\right)\)

\(=-\frac{9}{2}-2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\le\frac{-9}{2}\)

\(MinQ=\frac{-9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{3}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)

M=x^2+y^2-x+6y+10

M=(x^2-x+1/4)+(y^2+6y+9)+3/4

M=(x-1/2)^2+(y+3)^2+3/4

\(minM=\frac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)

Bài 2:

a: \(\left(x-8\right)\left(x^3+8\right)=0\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-8=0\\x^3+8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x^3=-8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: \(\left(4x-3\right)-\left(x+5\right)=3\left(10-x\right)\)

=>\(4x-3-x-5=30-3x\)

=>3x-8=30-3x

=>6x=38

=>\(x=\dfrac{38}{6}=\dfrac{19}{3}\)

Bài 6:

a: Xét ΔAHB vuông tại H và ΔAHC vuông tại H có

AB=AC

AH chung

Do đó: ΔAHB=ΔAHC

=>HB=HC

b: Ta có: HB=HC

H nằm giữa B và C

Do đó: H là trung điểm của BC

=>\(HB=HC=\dfrac{8}{2}=4\left(cm\right)\)

ΔAHB vuông tại H

=>\(AH^2+HB^2=AB^2\)

=>\(AH^2=5^2-4^2=9\)

=>\(AH=\sqrt{9}=3\left(cm\right)\)

c: Ta có: ΔAHB=ΔAHC

=>\(\widehat{BAH}=\widehat{CAH}\)

Xét ΔADH vuông tại D và ΔAEH vuông tại E có

AH chung

\(\widehat{DAH}=\widehat{EAH}\)

Do đó: ΔADH=ΔAEH

=>HD=HE

=>ΔHDE cân tại H

d: Ta có: HD=HE
HE<HC(ΔHEC vuông tại E)

Do đó:HD<HC

2:

a: \(9x^2-1=\left(3x\right)^2-1=\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)\)

b: \(2\left(x-1\right)+x^2-x\)

\(=2\left(x-1\right)+x\left(x-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)

c: \(3x^2+14x-5\)

\(=3x^2+15x-x-5\)

\(=3x\left(x+5\right)-\left(x+5\right)=\left(x+5\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)

3: 

a: \(2x\left(x-1\right)-2x^2=4\)

=>\(2x^2-2x-2x^2=4\)

=>-2x=4

=>x=-2

b: \(x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)=5\)

=>\(x^2-3x-\left(x^2+x-2\right)=5\)

=>\(x^2-3x-x^2-x+2=5\)

=>-4x=3

=>x=-3/4

c: \(4x^2-25+\left(2x+5\right)^2=0\)

=>\(\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+5\right)+\left(2x+5\right)^2=0\)

=>\(\left(2x+5\right)\left(2x-5+2x+5\right)=0\)

=>4x(2x+5)=0

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(A=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+2=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\\ A_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow x=3\\ B=2\left(x^2-10x+25\right)+51=2\left(x-5\right)^2+51\ge51\\ B_{min}=51\Leftrightarrow x=5\\ C=\left[\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+10\left(x-2y\right)+25\right]+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\\ C=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\\ C_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y-5=2-5=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(A=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+2=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\)

\(minA=2\Leftrightarrow x=3\)

b) \(B=2\left(x^2-10x+25\right)+51=2\left(x-5\right)^2+51\ge51\)

\(minB=51\Leftrightarrow x=5\)

c) \(C=\left[x^2-2x\left(2y-5\right)+\left(2y-5\right)^2\right]+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)

\(minC=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: \(x^2-6x+5=\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

b: \(x^2-x-12=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

c: \(x^2+8x+15=\left(x+5\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

d: \(2x^2-5x-12=\left(x-4\right)\left(2x+3\right)\)

e: \(x^2-13x+36=\left(x-9\right)\left(x-4\right)\)

a, \(M+N=2x^2+x^2-2xy-2xy-3y^2+3y^2+1-1=3x^2-4xy\)

\(M-N=2x^2-x^2-2xy+2xy-3y^2-3y^2+1+1=x^2-6y^2+2\)

b, \(P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=x^3-4x^3+2x^2-6x+x+2-5=-3x^3+2x^2-5x-3\)

\(P\left(x\right)-Q\left(x\right)=x^3+4x^3-2x^2-6x-x+2+5=5x^3-2x^2-7x+7\)