a, ĐK: \(x\ge11\)

\(\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x-11}}+\sqrt{x-\sqrt{x-11}}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x-11}+x-\sqrt{x-11}+2\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x+2\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=8\)

Ta thấy \(x+\sqrt{x^2-x+11}>11>\text{​​}8\)

\(\Rightarrow\) phương trình vô nghiệm.

\(a,\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x-11}}+\sqrt{x-\sqrt{x-11}}=4\left(x\ge11\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x-11}+x-\sqrt{x-11}+2\sqrt{\left(x+\sqrt{x-11}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x-11}\right)}=16\\ \Leftrightarrow2x+2\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=16\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=8\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=8-x\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-x+11=x^2-16x+64\\ \Leftrightarrow15x=53\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{53}{15}\left(ktm\right)\)

\(b,\sqrt{x+2+3\sqrt{2x-5}}+\sqrt{x-2-\sqrt{2x-5}}=2\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5+6\sqrt{2x-5}+9}+\sqrt{2x-5-2\sqrt{2x-5}+1}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+3\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right)^2}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}+3+\left|\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right|=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right|=1-\sqrt{2x-5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}-1\le0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-5\le1\Leftrightarrow x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)

b, ĐK: \(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(\sqrt{x+2+3\sqrt{2x-5}}+\sqrt{x-2-\sqrt{2x-5}}=2\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+4+6\sqrt{2x-5}}+\sqrt{2x-4-\sqrt{2x-5}}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+3\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right)^2}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{2x-5}+3\right|+\left|\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right|=4\)

Áp dụng BĐT \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\):

\(\left|\sqrt{2x-5}+3\right|+\left|\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right|\)

\(=\left|\sqrt{2x-5}+3\right|+\left|1-\sqrt{2x-5}\right|\)

\(\ge\left|\sqrt{2x-5}+3+1-\sqrt{2x-5}\right|\)

\(=4\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi: 

\(\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+3\right)\left(1-\sqrt{2x-5}\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-\sqrt{2x-5}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}\le1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0\le2x-5\le1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{2}\le x\le3\)

\(ĐK:-3\le x\le\dfrac{3}{2}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow11-x-4\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{3-2x}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+3-4\sqrt{x+3}+4\right)+\left(3-2x-2\sqrt{3-2x}+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+3}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3-2x}-1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+3}=2\\\sqrt{3-2x}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=2\\3-2x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(tm\right)\)

Thay \(x = 2\) vào phương trình \(\sqrt { - 2{x^2} - 2x + 11}  = \sqrt { - {x^2} + 3} \) ta thấy không thỏa mãn vì dưới dấu căn là \( - 1\) không thỏa mãn

Vậy \(x =  2\) không là nghiệm của phương trình do đó lời giải như trên là sai.

a: \(\sqrt{x^2+6x+9}=\sqrt{11+6\sqrt{2}}\)

=>\(\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(3+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)

=>\(\left|x+3\right|=\left|3+\sqrt{2}\right|=3+\sqrt{2}\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=3+\sqrt{2}\\x+3=-3-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-6-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=4\\x+2y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-2y=8\\x+2y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-2y+x+2y=8-3\\2x-y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=5\\y=2x-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\cdot1-4=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

điều kiện x+3>=0 và 3-2x<=0 hay -3\(\le x\le\frac{3}{2}\)   (1)

\(\sqrt{x+3}=a\);\(\sqrt{3-2x}=b\) => x=\(a^2-3\) và 2a²+b²=3

thay vào ta được x+4a+2b=11 <=>a²-3+4a+2b=11 <=>a²+4a+2b=14

ta có hệ phương trình \(\hept{\begin{cases}2a^2+b^2=9\\a^2+4a+2b=14\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}2a^2+b^2-a^2-4a-2b=3-14\\2a^2+b^2=9\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-2\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2=0\\2a^2+b^2=9\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}a=2\\b=1\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+3}=2\\\sqrt{3-2x}=1\end{cases}}\)<=>x=1 (thỏa mãn điều kiện (1))

vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất x=1

\(DK:x\in\left[-3;\frac{3}{2}\right]\)

PT\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)+\left(4\sqrt{x+3}-8\right)+\left(2\sqrt{3-2x}-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)+\frac{4\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x+3}+2}-\frac{4\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{3-2x}+1}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(1+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x+3}+2}-\frac{4}{\sqrt{3-2x}+1}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\left(1\right)\\1+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x+3}+2}-\frac{4}{\sqrt{3-2x}+1}=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)

PT(2) khac khong voi moi \(x\in\left[-3;\frac{3}{2}\right]\)

Vay nghiem cua PT la \(x=1\)

ĐK \(-3\le x\le\frac{3}{2}\)

Phương trình đã cho tương đương với: \(11-x-4\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{3-2x}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3-4\sqrt{x+3}+4\right)+\left(3-2x-2\sqrt{3-2x}+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+3}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3-2x}-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+3}-2=0\\\sqrt{3-2x}-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=1}\)

Tham khảo:

1) Giải phương trình : \(11\sqrt{5-x}+8\sqrt{2x-1}=24+3\sqrt{\left(5-x\right)\left(2x-1\right)}\) - Hoc24

\(\sqrt{x+3}+2\sqrt{x}=2+\sqrt{x\left(x+3\right)}\left(đk:x\ge0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+3+4x+4\sqrt{x\left(x+3\right)}=4+x\left(x+3\right)+4\sqrt{x\left(x+3\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5x+3=4+x^2+3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(tm\right)\)

a, ĐK: \(x\le-1,x\ge3\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-2x-3\right)+\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}+3\right).\left(\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\\\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-3=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\pm\sqrt{5}\left(tm\right)\)

b, ĐK: \(-2\le x\le2\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=t\Rightarrow t^2=10-3x-4\sqrt{4-x^2}\)

Khi đó phương trình tương đương:

\(3t-t^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=0\\\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2+x=8-4x\\2+x=17-4x+12\sqrt{2-x}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{6}{5}\left(tm\right)\\5x-15=12\sqrt{2-x}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vì \(-2\le x\le2\Rightarrow5x-15< 0\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\) vô nghiệm

Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=\dfrac{6}{5}\)

c, ĐK: \(0\le x\le9\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{9x-x^2}=t\left(0\le t\le\dfrac{9}{2}\right)\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow9+2\sqrt{9x-x^2}=-x^2+9x+m\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(-x^2+9x\right)+2\sqrt{9x-x^2}+9=m\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-t^2+2t+9=m\)

Khi \(m=9,pt\Leftrightarrow-t^2+2t=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}9x-x^2=0\\9x-x^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(tm\right)\\x=9\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{9\pm\sqrt{65}}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Phương trình đã cho có nghiệm khi phương trình \(m=f\left(t\right)=-t^2+2t+9\) có nghiệm

\(\Leftrightarrow minf\left(t\right)\le m\le maxf\left(t\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{9}{4}\le m\le10\)