Câu 1:

\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3a^2b-3ab^2+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3abc\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow0=0\) Đúng (Đpcm)

​Áp dụng Bđt Cô si 3 số ta có:

\(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3c^3}=3abc\)

Dấu = khi a=b=c (Đpcm)

Câu 2

Từ \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=3\cdot\frac{1}{abc}\)

Ta có:

\(\frac{ab}{c^2}+\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ac}{b^2}=\frac{abc}{c^3}+\frac{abc}{a^3}+\frac{abc}{b^3}\)

\(=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)\)

\(=abc\cdot3\cdot\frac{1}{abc}=3\)

\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\end{array}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\left(1-\frac{b+c}{b}\right)\left(1-\frac{a+c}{c}\right)\left(1-\frac{a+b}{a}\right)\)

\(=\left(1-1-\frac{c}{b}\right)\left(1-1-\frac{a}{c}\right)\left(1-1-\frac{b}{a}\right)\)

\(=\left(-\frac{c}{b}\right)\left(-\frac{a}{c}\right)\left(-\frac{b}{a}\right)=-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a-b=b-c=c-a=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)

Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)

\(x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+2xy}{2x+y}+\frac{y^2+2yz}{2y+z}+\frac{z^2+2zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3xy}{2x+y}+\frac{3yz}{2y+z}+\frac{3zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{3}{9}xy\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(x+2y\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(x+2y\right)+\left(y+2z\right)+\left(z+2x\right)\right]=x+y+z\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z

Lời giải:

Sửa đề: \(\frac{1}{(a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)})^3}+\frac{1}{(b+c+\sqrt{2(b+a)})^3}+\frac{1}{(c+a+\sqrt{2(b+c)})^3}\leq \frac{8}{9}\)

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Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

\(a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)}=a+b+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{(a+b)(a+c)}{2}}\)

\(\Rightarrow [a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)}]^3\geq \frac{27}{2}(a+b)(a+c)\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{(a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)})^3}\leq \frac{2}{27(a+b)(a+c)}\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại:

\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \frac{4(a+b+c)}{27(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}(1)\)

Lại theo BĐT AM-GM:

\((a+b)(b+c)(c+a)=(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)-abc\geq (a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)-\frac{(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)}{9}=\frac{8}{9}(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)(2)\)

Và:

\(16(a+b+c)\geq \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}\geq \frac{3(a+b+c)}{ab+bc+ac}\)

\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac\geq \frac{3}{16}(3)\)

Từ \((1);(2);(3)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \frac{1}{6(ab+bc+ac)}\leq \frac{1}{6.\frac{3}{16}}=\frac{8}{9}\) (đpcm)

Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 2 số không âm :

\(x^2+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt[2]{\frac{x^2}{x}}=2.\sqrt{x}\)

\(y^2+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt[2]{\frac{y^2}{y}}=2.\sqrt{y}\)

Cộng vế với vế ta được :

\(x^2+y^2+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge2.\sqrt{x}+2.\sqrt{y}=2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)

Vậy ta có điều phải chứng mình 

Ta đi chứng minh:\(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)* đúng *

Khi đó:

\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+abc}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

Tương tự:

\(\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+abc}\le\frac{a}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)};\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+abc}\le\frac{b}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow LHS\le\frac{a+b+c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{abc}\)

Trời ạ cay vãi shit đánh máy xong rồi tự nhiên bấm hủy T.T bài 1 ngắn đã đành ......

\(WLOG:a\ge b\ge c\)

Ta dễ có:\(\frac{a}{b+c+1}+\frac{b}{c+a+1}+\frac{c}{a+b+1}\)

\(\le\frac{a}{b+c+1}+\frac{b}{b+c+1}+\frac{c}{b+c+1}\)

\(=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+1}\)

Ta cần chứng minh:

\(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+1}+\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\le1+b+c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\left(1+b+c\right)\le1-a\) ( 1 )

Mà theo AM - GM :

\(\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\left(1+b+c\right)\le\left(\frac{1-b+1-c+1+b+c}{3}\right)^3=1\)

Khi đó ( 1 ) đúng

Vậy ta có đpcm

Nếu bài toán trở thành

\(\frac{a}{bc+2}+\frac{b}{ca+2}+\frac{c}{ab+2}+\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le1\) thì bài toán khó định hướng hơn rất nhiều :D

bđt trái dấu rồi nha!

\(P=\frac{a^3}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{b^3}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{c^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

+ Áp dụng bđt Cauchy ta có :

\(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{b+1}{8}+\frac{c+1}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\cdot\frac{b+1}{8}\cdot\frac{c+1}{8}}=\frac{3}{4}a\). Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a=b+1\\b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)

+ Tương tự ta c/m đc : \(\frac{b^3}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{a+1}{8}+\frac{c+1}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}b\). Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2b=a+1\\a=c\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\frac{c^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{a+1}{8}+\frac{b+1}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}c\). Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow2c=a+1=b+1\)

Do đó : \(P\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{4}\) \(\ge\frac{1}{2}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{abc}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)

Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)

Ta có:

\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc=>a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(=>\left(a+b\right)^3-3a^2b-3ab^2+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(=>\left[\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3a^2b-3ab^2-3abc=0\)

\(=>\left[\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ca-bc+c^2-3ab\right)=0\)

\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)

Vì a³+b³+c³=3abc và a+b+c khác 0

=>\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)

\(=>2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)

\(=>\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)

\(=>\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

Tổng 3 số không âm = 0 <=> chúng đều = 0

\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}< =>a=b=c}\)

Vậy \(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)

\(\)

Ta có ; \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-bc-ac\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)

Vì \(a+b+c\ne0\) nên ta có \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

a) Thay a = b = c vào biểu thức được : \(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)

b) Thay a = b = c vào P : \(P=\frac{2}{a}.\frac{2}{b}\frac{2}{c}=\frac{8}{abc}\)

b,

Ta có:  \(P=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)=\frac{a+b}{ab}.\frac{b+c}{bc}.\frac{a+c}{ca}\)

Vì a=b=c (chứng minh tương tự câu a)

=>a+b=2b

 b+c=2c

 a+c=2a

Do đó \(P=\frac{2b}{ab}.\frac{2c}{bc}.\frac{2a}{ca}=\frac{\left(2.2.2\right).abc}{\left(abc\right)^2}=\frac{8}{abc}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Áp dụng giả thiết và một đánh giá quen thuộc, ta được: \(16\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\)hay \(\frac{1}{6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\le\frac{8}{9}\)

Đến đây, ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{1}{\left(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c+\sqrt{2\left(b+a\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a+\sqrt{2\left(c+b\right)}\right)^3}\le\frac{1}{6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

 Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho ba số dương ta có \(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}=a+b+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{2}}\)hay \(\left(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3\ge\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+b+2\sqrt{a+c}\right)^3}\le\frac{2}{27\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự ta có \(\frac{1}{\left(b+c+2\sqrt{b+a}\right)^3}\le\frac{2}{27\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}\); \(\frac{1}{\left(c+a+2\sqrt{c+b}\right)^3}\le\frac{2}{27\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\)

Cộng theo vế các bất đẳng thức trên ta được \(\frac{1}{\left(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c+\sqrt{2\left(b+a\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a+\sqrt{2\left(c+b\right)}\right)^3}\le\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)Phép chứng minh sẽ hoàn tất nếu ta chỉ ra được \(\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{1}{6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)

Đây là một đánh giá đúng, thật vậy: đặt a + b + c = p; ab + bc + ca = q; abc = r thì bất đẳng thức trên trở thành \(pq-r\ge\frac{8}{9}pq\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{9}pq\ge r\)*đúng vì \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\); \(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\))

Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{4}\)