So sánh A và B :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{^{ }3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\) và \(B=\dfrac{1}{2}\). Hãy so sánh chúng
Ta có: \(3\cdot A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
Do đó:
\(3\cdot A-A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}-...-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
hay \(2\cdot A=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right):2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3^{100}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
hay A<B
So sánh A và B
A=\(\dfrac{1}{3^1}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{3^3}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
B=\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{12}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=3.\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A-A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}-\left(\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}-\dfrac{1}{3^1}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}-...\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{4+3+1}{12}=\dfrac{8}{12}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
mà \(\dfrac{2}{3}>\dfrac{1}{2}\) \(\left(\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{4}{6}>\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{6}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< B\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{3^3}\)+............+\(\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
3A = 1+ \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^3}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}\)
3A - A = 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
2A = 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\) < 1
B = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{12}\)
B = \(\dfrac{4}{12}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{12}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{12}\)
B = \(\dfrac{8}{12}\)
B = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) ⇒ 2B = \(\dfrac{4}{3}\) > 1
2A < 2B ⇒ A < B
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}\) và \(B=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{2021}}\)
So sánh A và B
Lời giải:
$A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2022}}$
$3A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2021}}$
$\Rightarrow 3A-A=1-\frac{1}{3^{2022}}$
$\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{2022}}$
Xét hiệu:
$A-B=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{2022}}-(1-\frac{1}{3^{2021}})$
$=\frac{1}{3^{2021}}-\frac{1}{2.3^{2022}}-\frac{1}{2}$
$=\frac{5}{2.3^{2022}}-\frac{1}{2}$
$< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}=0$
$\Rightarrow A< B$
`A = 1/3 +1/3^2 +1/3^3 +...+1/3^2022`
`<=> 3A = 1 +1/3 +1/3^2 +...+ 1/3^2021`
`=>2A =3A-A =1+1/3 +1/3^2 +..+ 1/3^2021 - 1/3-1/3^2-1/3^3..-1/3^2022`
`2A = 1-1/3^2022`
`=> A = (1-1/3^2022) :2`
Ta thấy `1- 1/3^2022 < 1-1/3^2021`
`=> (1 -1/3^2022):2<1-1/3^2021`
Hay `A<B`
Cho A = \(\dfrac{1}{2}x\dfrac{3}{4}x\dfrac{5}{6}x...x\dfrac{99}{100};B=\dfrac{1}{10}\) So sánh: A và B.
Tham khảo:
https://lazi.vn/edu/exercise/so-sanh-a-1-2-3-4-5-6-99-100-va-b-1-10
Câu 5 : A= \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) +\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{2^3}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{2^4}\)+ ....+\(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2^{2022}}\)và B= \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)+\(\dfrac{17}{60}\)
a) Rút gọn A
b) So sánh A và B
a) \(A=2A-A\)
\(=2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2022}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2022}}\right)\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2022}}\right)\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{2022}}\)
b) \(B=\dfrac{20+15+12+17}{60}=\dfrac{4}{5}=1-\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(A>B\left(Vì\left(\dfrac{1}{2^{2022}}< \dfrac{1}{5}\right)\right)\)
a) A = 2 A − A = 2 ( 1 2 + 1 2 2 + . . . + 1 2 2022 ) − ( 1 2 + 1 2 2 + . . . + 1 2 2022 ) = 1 + 1 2 + . . . + 1 2 2021 − ( 1 2 + 1 2 2 + . . . + 1 2 2022 ) = 1 − 1 2 2022 b) B = 20 + 15 + 12 + 17 60 = 4 5 = 1 − 1 5 A > B ( V ì ( 1 2 2022 < 1 5 ) )
So sánh a và b biết :
\(\dfrac{-1}{2}\)\(-\)\(\dfrac{3-2a}{3}\)>\(\dfrac{-1}{2}\)\(-\dfrac{3-2a}{3}\)
1. So sánh
a) \(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2020}}+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\) và B= \(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{13}{60}\)
b) \(C=\dfrac{2019}{2021}+\dfrac{2021}{2022}\) và \(D=\dfrac{2020+2022}{2019+2021}.\dfrac{3}{2}\)
a) Ta có:
2A=2.(12+122+123+...+122020+122021)2�=2.12+122+123+...+122 020+122 021
2A=1+12+122+123+...+122019+1220202�=1+12+122+123+...+122 019+122 020
Suy ra: 2A−A=(1+12+122+123+...+122019+122020)2�−�=1+12+122+123+...+122 019+122 020
−(12+122+123+...+122020+122021)−12+122+123+...+122 020+122 021
Do đó A=1−122021<1�=1−122021<1.
Lại có B=13+14+15+1360=20+15+12+1360=6060=1�=13+14+15+1360=20+15+12+1360=6060=1.
Vậy A < B.
So sánh \(A\) với \(\dfrac{3}{4}\), biết \(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
1/32< 1/2.3
1/42< 1/3.4
...
1/1002< 1/99.100
=> 1/22 + 1/32 + 1/42 + ... + 1/1002< 1/22 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 + ... + 1/99.100
A < 1/4 + 1/2 -1/3 + 1/3 - 1/4 +... + 1/99 - 1/100
A < 1/4 + 1/2 -1/100 < 1/4 + 1/2 = 3/4
=> A < 3/4
So sánh A và B biết :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{120}+\sqrt{121}}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}\)
Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{120}+\sqrt{121}}\)
\(=-1+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-...-\sqrt{120}+11\)
=10
Ta có: \(B=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{35}+\sqrt{35}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}+\sqrt{36}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-...-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{36}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< -\dfrac{5}{3}< 10=A\)