Dịch chính xác sang tiếng việt hộ mik A protein kinase is a kinase enzyme that modifies other proteins by chemically adding phosphate groups to them (phosphorylation). Phosphorylation usually results...

Protein kinase là enzyme kinase làm biến đổi các protein khác bằng cách thêm các nhóm phosphate vào hóa học cho chúng (phosphoryl hóa). Phosphoryl hóa thường dẫn đến một sự thay đổi chức năng của protein mục tiêu (chất nền) bằng cách thay đổi hoạt động của enzyme, vị trí tế bào, hoặc liên kết với các protein khác. Bộ gen của con người chứa khoảng 560 gen kinase protein và chúng chiếm khoảng 2% tổng số gen của con người. [1] Có tới 30% tất cả các protein của con người có thể được thay đổi bởi hoạt động kinase [cần dẫn nguồn], và kinase được biết là điều chỉnh phần lớn các đường di động, đặc biệt là những người tham gia vào truyền tín hiệu. Protein kinaza cũng được tìm thấy trong vi khuẩn và thực vật, và bao gồm phân họ pseudokinase, biểu hiện các đặc điểm bất thường [2] bao gồm ràng buộc nucleotide không điển hình và hoạt động xúc tác yếu, hoặc không, [3] và là một phần của nhóm pseudoenzyme lớn hơn nhiều 'người bị' thoái hóa 'họ hàng được tìm thấy trong suốt cuộc đời, nơi họ tham gia tích cực vào tín hiệu tế bào cơ học. [4]Câu trả lời: Protein kinase là enzyme kinase làm biến đổi các protein khác bằng cách thêm các nhóm phosphate vào hóa học cho chúng (phosphoryl hóa). Phosphoryl hóa thường dẫn đến một sự thay đổi chức năng của protein mục tiêu (chất nền) bằng cách thay đổi hoạt động của enzyme, vị trí tế bào, hoặc liên kết với các protein khác. Bộ gen của con người chứa khoảng 560 gen kinase protein và chúng chiếm khoảng 2% tổng số gen của con người. [1] Có tới 30% tất cả các protein của con người có thể được thay đổi bởi hoạt động kinase [cần dẫn nguồn], và kinase được biết là điều chỉnh phần lớn các đường di động, đặc biệt là những người tham gia vào truyền tín hiệu. Protein kinaza cũng được tìm thấy trong vi khuẩn và thực vật, và bao gồm phân họ pseudokinase, biểu hiện các đặc điểm bất thường [2] bao gồm ràng buộc nucleotide không điển hình và hoạt động xúc tác yếu, hoặc không, [3] và là một phần của nhóm pseudoenzyme lớn hơn nhiều 'người bị' thoái hóa 'họ hàng được tìm thấy trong suốt cuộc đời, nơi họ tham gia tích cực vào tín hiệu tế bào cơ học. [4]

Dịch chính xác sang tiếng việt hộ mik A protein kinase is a kinase enzyme that modifies other proteins by chemically ad...

Hãy tham gia nhóm Học sinh Hoc24OLM

Corn dog

28 tháng 7 2017 lúc 22:28

Nowadays in the news you can read a lot about biotechnology and the controversies about it and perhaps you ask yourself what it is exactly. Well, this article is going to give you a brief history of the field of biotechnology and show you that, although the word “biotechnology” was first used in 1919, we have been using biotechnology for many thousands of years in ways that are completely uncontroversial. It will also look at the more modern developments which have started intense debate....

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Nowadays in the news you can read a lot about biotechnology and the controversies about it and perhaps you ask yourself what it is exactly. Well, this article is going to give you a brief history of the field of biotechnology and show you that, although the word “biotechnology” was first used in 1919, we have been using biotechnology for many thousands of years in ways that are completely uncontroversial. It will also look at the more modern developments which have started intense debate. When you are drinking a cold beer on a hot day, or eating a delicious cheese sandwich, you can thank biotechnology for the pleasure you are experiencing. That’s right! Beer, bread and cheese are all produced using biotechnology. Perhaps a definition will be useful to understand how. A standard definition is that biotechnology (or biotech for short) is the application of science and engineering to the direct or indirect use of living organisms. And as you know, the food and drink above are all produced by the fermentation of micro-organisms. In beer, the yeast multiplies as it eats the sugars in the mixture and turns them into alcohol and CO2. This ancient technique was first used in Egypt to make bread and wine around 4000BC! Antibiotics are used to prevent and treat diseases, especially those caused by bacteria. They are natural substances that are created by bacteria and fungi. The first antibiotic was made in China in about 500BC – to cure boils. In 1928 Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin and it was considered a medical miracle. Modern research is looking at the creation of super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them. Our modern consumer society produces a lot of waste which needs to be disposed of safely and without harmful end products. Environmental biotechnology can help. Indeed, the use of bacteria to treat sewage was first practiced in 1914 in Manchester, England. Vermiculture or using worms to treat waste is another environmentally-friendly practice and the end product is a natural fertiliser. Bacteria have even been developed to help with problems such as oil spills. They convert crude oil and gasoline into non-toxic substances such as carbon dioxide, water and oxygen and help create a cleaner, healthier environment. These examples of biotechnology are accepted by most people. However, the discovery of the DNA structure by Watson and Crick in 1953 was the beginning of the modern era of genetics and the following areas of biotech are very controversial. Read on… The genetic modification of plants and crops has been in practice for many years. This involves changing the genetic code of these plants so that they are more resistant to bad conditions like drought, floods and frost. Supporters of GM food say that it can offer the consumer better quality, safety and taste and for over a decade Americans have been eating GM food. However, things are very different in Europe where genetically modified food is very strictly regulated and regarded with deep suspicion by the public. GM food has even been called “Frankenfood” in the press, a term inspired by the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. There is a great cultural divide between America and Europe over whether such food is safe to eat and will not harm the environment and the discussion is still in progress. 1997 saw the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first animal cloned from an adult cell. This was a remarkable achievement which created world-wide debate on the ethical issues surrounding cloning. International organisations such as the European parliament, UNESCO and WHO all declared that human cloning is both morally and legally wrong. However, we need to make a distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Nowadays the idea of reproductive cloning – creating a copy of another person - is no longer interesting for researchers. Instead therapeutic cloning is creating excitement in the biotech world. Key to this technique is stem cells, which are master cells that have the potential to become any other kind of cell in the body e.g. nerve cells, blood, heart muscle or even brain cells. Stem cells themselves have generated a lot of controversy as it was believed that only human embryos could provide them. However, it now appears that adult stem cells offer the same possibility. This would mean that a patient who suffered a heart attack could provide doctors with his adult stem cells which could then be implanted back into his heart and used to create heart muscle, replacing the muscle that was damaged. As the genetic code is identical, there would be no problem of the body rejecting the implant as, unfortunately, happens with organ transplants. In the future, biotechnologists hope that stem cells could be used to grow entire organs. In this way biotechnology offers the hope of revolutionising medical treatment. In this brief overview of the history of biotechnology we have jumped from making bread to making human organs - an enormous leap- and it is clear that these modern practices raise many controversial issues. However, despite the debate, we can imagine that as biotechnology has been around for many years, it will still be around for some time to come - but who knows where it will take us? Questions: After reading, choose the best answer for the following questions 1. What is the main topic of the article? Brief history and modern developments of biotechnology Benefit of biotechnology Modern research in biotechnology 2. What does the pronoun "IT" in the first paragraph refer to? Biotechnology The article The word "Biotechnology" 3. Which products were first made with fermentation of micro-organisms? Beer, bread and cheese Bread and wine Beer and cheese Decide whether the statement below is True or False. 4. Alexander Fleming discovered super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them. TrueFalse 5. GM food is easily available in the U.S. and Europe. TrueFalse 6.Researchers believe that adult stem cells could be used to create body parts. TrueFalse

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Lớp 12 Tiếng anh Luyện tập tổng hợp

Hermione Granger

10 tháng 6 2018 lúc 10:53

Fill in the blanK: living in a modern World may have its advantages but it(1)............. has its disadvantages that one disadvantages of the modern way of life which stands(2)............. from the rest is the negative influence cars have(3)............. The environment. Today, all developed societies face a(4)........... range of problems Caused by cars and(5).........vehicles. These include air and noise pollution,(6)...........traffic and the ever growing numbers in f roads in our cit...

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Fill in the blanK: living in a modern World may have its advantages but it(1)............. has its disadvantages that one disadvantages of the modern way of life which stands(2)............. from the rest is the negative influence cars have(3)............. The environment. Today, all developed societies face a(4)........... range of problems Caused by cars and(5).........vehicles. These include air and noise pollution,(6)...........traffic and the ever growing numbers in f roads in our cities. Major cities around the world face considerable environmental damage (7)............ of this and are in need of serious measures to reverse this trend.

How did we end (8)..........with such a problem? There are no simple answers(9)............. this question and no serious effort has been made to find either.it is about (10)...........,however, that our generation got serious (11)...........this issue. People must be willing to stand (12).......... environmental groups and make any effort necessary to change the situation. Many Environmentalists Believe that we could help by using our(13)......sense. Car poolling for instance could be a solution to the problem.this simple program calls for people to share their cars with fellow workers to and from work got a lot of interest has been shown (14).......car poolling and other more ambitious programmes are plan for the future

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Lớp 12 Tiếng anh Luyện tập tổng hợp

Đào Đào

30 tháng 7 2020 lúc 10:21

Everyone knows that honeybees make honey, but how do they actually do it? Honeybees live in colonies, which means that they live with lots of other bees. Beehives, nests made of wax, are the places where they live and stow their honey. Honeybees drink nectar from flowers or other sweet deposits from plants or trees. The honey made by these bees is used to supply the colony with food during the cold winter when there arc no flowers to drink from. Thus, these bees not only consume the nectar...

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Everyone knows that honeybees make honey, but how do they actually do it? Honeybees live in colonies, which means that they live with lots of other bees. Beehives, nests made of wax, are the places where they live and stow their honey.

Honeybees drink nectar from flowers or other sweet deposits from plants or trees. The honey made by these bees is used to supply the colony with food during the cold winter when there arc no flowers to drink from. Thus, these bees not only consume the nectar for nourishment but also bring it home. They have a special organ called a honey stomach which is used to carry the food to their colony.

When honeybees come back home, they regurgitate what they have put in their honey stomachs. Other honeybees in the hive come along and help them. They repeatedly eat and regurgitate many times until the product becomes somewhat digested. Next, the bees move the syrupy product into open honeycomb cells. Then they beat their wings to fan it to prevent fermentation. The fanning makes the water evaporate so that the product gets thick enough. Now it cannot easily be attacked by bacteria. Finally, it can be called honey. After this process, honeybees seal up the honeycomb cells with wax until they are hungry.

The most impressive part of this process is how seamlessly a bee colony works together. In a colony, there are female worker bees, male drones, and one queen bee. Although there are both male and females in the hive, the majority of the work is done by females. The female worker bees are in charge of taking care of the hive and creating honey. When they are young, they take care of feeding the young bee larvae. When they are older, they go out and bring nectar back to the hive, where they begin making honey. The male drones are responsible for fertilizing the eggs, but require little energy as they spend their time waiting around the hive. The single queen bee is responsible for the colony's survival. She is the only female that can lay eggs. The wonderful substance called honey would not exist without the bees' teamwork.

1. What is the main topic of the passage?

A. The role of the female honeybee
B. Preventing fermentation in honey
C. Why honeybees build huge wax nests
D. How a honeybee colony works to make honey

2. What can be inferred from the passage about honey? A. It's not always the same color
B. It is only liked by a minority of people
C. Watery honey can go bad easily
D. It is created and cared for by the queen bee 3. What do honeybees do to prevent fermentation? A. Blow air on the honey by waving their wings
B. Overproduce honey using their legs
C. Feed the larvae the unfermented honey
D. Bring the honey to the honeycomb cells 4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of honeybees? A. They work together in their colony.
B. They produce honey through a complex process
C. The queen bee is responsible for making honey
D The worker bees work both inside and outside of their hive.

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Lớp 12 Tiếng anh Luyện tập tổng hợp

Park Ji Min

28 tháng 4 2017 lúc 12:34

Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer The first system of communication of animals is natural. Many kinds of animals have ways of communicating with each other. And one of the most interesting examples is that of bees. These insects communicate with each other by dancing. The most important kind of dance that they do is concerned with food. They get their food from flowers, of course, from plants and trees. When a bee has found some food, it returns to the other...

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Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer

The first system of communication of animals is natural. Many kinds of animals have ways of communicating with each other. And one of the most interesting examples is that of bees. These insects communicate with each other by dancing. The most important kind of dance that they do is concerned with food. They get their food from flowers, of course, from plants and trees. When a bee has found some food, it returns to the other bees and can give them three basic kinds of information about the food: which direction it is in, whether it is nearby or a long way away, and whether it is good to eat or poisonous.

The other kind of system of communication of animals is artificial. It means animals learn it; in this case, they learn from man. Several famous experiments have been carried out with chimpanzees, trying to teach them human language.

One of these experiments was done with a chimpanzee called Sarah. Sarah was taught to understand a system of symbols which represented words. The symbols were cut out of coloured plastic, and each different shape stood for a different word. For example, a red square stood for “banana”, Sarah’s favorite fruit. Soon Sarah could not only understand words, but even sentences. She could obey orders: if her human friends put down the symbols for “apple in cup”, she would put the apple in the cup. Later, she began giving the scientists orders – she was writing her own sentences, and she got upset if the scientists did not obey her. We do not yet know whether chimpanzees will ever learn to use language to communicate as freely as human beings do, but the results so far suggest that this is at least a possibility.

41) According to the passage, bees ____________________________________.

A. learn to communicate B. are born to be able to communicate

C. are the most interesting animals D. communicate with each other by flying

42) From the passage, we can conclude that bees are _____________________.

A. so selfish as to let other bees share the bad food

B. so selfish as to look for food for themselves

C. so hardworking that they dance all the time

D. so smart that they know where the food is

43) The experiment done with Sarah is an example of ____________________.

A. animals with natural system of communication

B. animals able to communicate with humans

C. animals possible to use language as humans

D. animals with a system of communication worked out by humans

44) The results of the experiment with chimpanzees show the possibility to teach animals _____.

A. how to use language freely

B. how to give orders

C. how to obey orders

D. how to understand words and sentences

45) The phrase “concerned with” is closest in meaning to ________________.

A. interested in B. responsible for C. related to D. joined to

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Lớp 12 Tiếng anh Luyện tập tổng hợp

Hiền Cherry

16 tháng 7 2018 lúc 11:32

Read the following passage and choose the most appropriate answer from A,B,C or D to answer questions. Human memory, formerly believed to be rather inefficient, is really more sophisticated than that of a computer. Researchers approaching the problem from a variety of points of view have all concluded that there is a great deal more stored in our minds than has been generally supposed. Dr. Wilder Penfield, a Canadian neurosurgeon, proved that by stimulating their brains electrically, he could e...

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Read the following passage and choose the most appropriate answer from A,B,C or D to answer questions.
Human memory, formerly believed to be rather inefficient, is really more sophisticated than that of a computer. Researchers approaching the problem from a variety of points of view have all concluded that there is a great deal more stored in our minds than has been generally supposed. Dr. Wilder Penfield, a Canadian neurosurgeon, proved that by stimulating their brains electrically, he could elicit the total recall of specific events in his subjects’ lives. Even dreams and other minor events supposedly forgotten for many years suddenly emerged in detail.

Although the physical basis for memory is not yet understood, one theory is that the fantastic capacity for storage in the brain is the result of an almost unlimited combination of interconnections between brain cells, stimulated by patterns of activity. Repeated references to the same information support recall. Or, to say that another way, improved performance is the result of strengthening the chemical bonds in the memory.

1. With what topic is the passage mainly concerned?

A. Wilder Penfield B. Neurosurgery

C. Human memory D. Chemical reactions

2. According to the passage, researchers have concluded that

A. the mind has a much greater capacity for memory than was previously believed.

B. the physical basis for memory is clear.

C. different points of view are valuable.

D. human memory is inefficient.

3. How did Penfield elicit dreams and other minor events from the past?

A. By surgery B. By electric stimulation C. By repetition D. By chemical stimulation

4. According to the passage, the capacity for storage in the brain

A. can be understood by examining the physiology.

B. is stimulated by patterns of activity.

C. has a limited combination of relationships.

D. is not influenced by repetition.

5. The word “bonds” in the last line means

A. promises. B. agreements. C. connections. D. responsibilities

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Lớp 12 Tiếng anh Luyện tập tổng hợp

Dennis

9 tháng 3 2017 lúc 9:18

fill in each space in the following passage with one suitable world. Computers play an important role in our everyday lives, sometimes without us even realizing it. Consider the use (1)............ computers in both shops and offices. Big shops especially chain stores with branches all over the country, have to deal with very large amounts of information. They have to make (2)................. that there are enough goods on the selves for customers to buy; they need to be (3)...............

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fill in each space in the following passage with one suitable world.

Computers play an important role in our everyday lives, sometimes without us even realizing it. Consider the use (1)............ computers in both shops and offices. Big shops especially chain stores with branches all over the country, have to deal with very large amounts of information. They have to make (2)................. that there are enough goods on the selves for customers to buy; they need to be (3).............. to re-order befora stocks (4).............. out, to decide which things are selling well and (5)........... on. All these processes (6)........... performed quickly and afficiently by computers. A (7)............... of offices work in the past involved information on paper. (8)................... it had been dealt with by people, the paper was put (9)............. for future reference. This way of working was (10).............. particularly easy or fast. A computerized system is much more efficient.

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Lớp 12 Tiếng anh Luyện tập tổng hợp

lol Qn

19 tháng 2 2020 lúc 21:01

1. Gong culture can be found in ___________. A. Kon Tum B. Kon Tum and Gia Lai C. Central Highlands D. highlands in Viet Nam 2. It is though that the gong sounds can help us _____________. A. have a relation with the gods B. enjoy ourselves C. communicate with nature D. harvest crops 3. All of the following statements are true except that ___________. A. the matter whether males or females play gongs depends on the ethnic groups B. the diameter of gongs can be varied C. a set of gongs i...

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1. Gong culture can be found in ___________. A. Kon Tum B. Kon Tum and Gia Lai C. Central Highlands D. highlands in Viet Nam 2. It is though that the gong sounds can help us _____________. A. have a relation with the gods B. enjoy ourselves C. communicate with nature D. harvest crops 3. All of the following statements are true except that ___________. A. the matter whether males or females play gongs depends on the ethnic groups B. the diameter of gongs can be varied C. a set of gongs is not more than 10 units D. the gongs are made of bronze 4. Gongs are believed to have a sacred power because ___________. A. the gong is older than a god B. a god will make gongs more powerful C. the statement was made D. they are associated to all events in one’s life 5. The word “inauguration” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _______. A. building B. finding C. sale D. opening The space of gong culture in Central Highlands of Viet Nam covers 5 provinces of Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Dak Nong and Lam Dong. The masters of gong culture are the ethnic groups of Ba Na, Xo Dang, M’Nong, Co Ho, Ro Mam, E De, Giarai… The gong performances are always closely tied to community cultural rituals and ceremonies of
the ethnic groups in Central Highlands. Many researchers have classified gongs as ceremonial musical instrument and the gong sounds as a means to communicate with deities and gods.
The gongs are made of bronze. Their diameter is from 20 cm to 60cm or from 90cm to 120cm. A set of gongs consists of 2 to 12 or 13 units and even to 18 or 20 units in some places.
In most of the ethnic groups, namely Giarai, Ede Kpah, Ba Na, Xo Dang, Brau, Co Ho, etc., only males are allowed to play gongs. However, in others such as Ma and M’Nong groups, both males and females can play gongs. Few ethnic groups (for example, E de Bih), gongs are performed by women only.
As for the majority of ethnic groups in Central Highlands, gongs are musical instruments of sacred power. It is believed that every gong is the settlement of a god who gets more powerful as the gong is older. Therefore, gongs are associated to all events in one’s life, such as the inauguration of new houses, funerals, buﬀalo sacrifice, new harvest, ceremony to pray for people’s and cattle’s health, ceremony to see oﬀ soldiers to the front, and the victory celebration.

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Lớp 12 Tiếng anh Luyện tập tổng hợp

Nhật Linh Đặng

23 tháng 3 2018 lúc 11:30

The little chefs Hilary Rose travels to Dorset, in the south of England, to investigate a cookery course for children. There must be something in the air in Dorset, because the last place you’d expect to fi nd children during the summer holidays is in the kitchen. Yet in a farmhouse, deep in the English countryside, that’s exactly where they are – on a cookery course designed especially for children. It’s all the idea of Anna Wilson, who wants to educate young children about cooking and eating i...

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The little chefs Hilary Rose travels to Dorset, in the south of England, to investigate a cookery course for children. There must be something in the air in Dorset, because the last place you’d expect to fi nd children during the summer holidays is in the kitchen. Yet in a farmhouse, deep in the English countryside, that’s exactly where they are – on a cookery course designed especially for children. It’s all the idea of Anna Wilson, who wants to educate young children about cooking and eating in a healthy way. ‘I’m very keen to plant the idea in their heads that food doesn’t grow on supermarket shelves,’ she explains. ‘The course is all about making food fun and enjoyable.’ She thinks that eight is the perfect age to start teaching children to cook, because at that age they are always hungry. 9() These children are certainly all smiles as they arrive at the country farmhouse. Three girls and four boys aged from ten to thirteen make up the group. They are immediately given a tour of what will be ‘home’ for the next 48 hours. 10 But one thing is quite clear – they all have a genuine interest in food and learning how to cook. Anna has worked as a chef in all sorts of situations and has even cooked for the crew of a racing yacht, in limited space and diffi cult weather conditions. 11 ‘Kids are easy to teach,’ she insists, ‘because they’re naturally curious and if you treat them like adults they listen to you.’ Back in the kitchen, Anna is giving the introductory talk, including advice on keeping hands clean, and being careful around hot ovens. 12 Judging by the eager looks on their young faces as they watch Anna’s demonstration, they are just keen to start cooking. The children learn the simplest way, by watching and then doing it themselves. They gather round as Anna chops an onion for the fi rst evening meal. Then the boys compete with each other to chop their onions as fast as possible, while the girls work carefully, concentrating on being neat. 13 When they learn to make bread, the girls knead the dough with their hands competently, while the boys punch it into the board, cheerfully hitting the table with their fi sts. The following morning, four boys with dark shadows under their eyes stumble into the kitchen at 8.30 a.m. to learn how to make breakfast (sausages and eggs, and fruit drinks made with yoghurt and honey). We learn later that they didn’t stop talking until 4.30 a.m. 14 Ignoring this, Anna brightly continues trying to persuade everyone that fruit drinks are just as interesting as sausages and eggs. Anna has great plans for the courses and is reluctant to lower her standards in any way, even though her students are so young. 15 ‘And I like to keep the course fees down,’ Anna adds, ‘because if the children enjoy it and go on to teach their own children to cook, I feel it’s worth it.’ If this course doesn’t inspire them to cook, nothing will.

A This is followed by a session on ‘knife skills’, which will be important later on.

B She always uses top- quality ingredients, such as the best cuts of meat and the fi nest cheeses, so there’s clearly no profi t motive in this operation.

C As they wander round, they argue lightheartedly about who has had the most experience in the kitchen.

D In the garden, they learn about the herbs that they will use in their cooking.

E Their obvious tiredness may explain why one of them goes about the task so carelessly that the ingredients end up on the fl oor.

F This is particularly true of young boys, who are happy to do anything that will end in a meal.

G As a result, she has a very relaxed attitude to cooking, constantly encouraging the children and never talking down to them.

H This contrast will become something of a theme during the course.

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Lớp 12 Tiếng anh Luyện tập tổng hợp

minh hong

21 tháng 2 2020 lúc 19:30

ead the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Last week I made the mistake of visiting the village where I grew up. It was a small, friendly community with two farms and a number of old cottages round the village green. I realized very quickly that although in many ways it appears unchanged, in reality hardly anything is the same. All the pretty cottages are there, of course, and both the picturesque farmhouses. But...

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ead the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Last week I made the mistake of visiting the village where I grew up. It was a small, friendly community with two farms and a number of old cottages round the village green. I realized very quickly that although in many ways it appears unchanged, in reality hardly anything is the same. All the pretty cottages are there, of course, and both the picturesque farmhouses. But none of the inhabitants are country people. All of them are commuters, who leave early every morning for the nearby town. Neither of the farmhouses is attached to a farm these days; the land has been sold and is managed by somebody in an office somewhere who has little interest in the village itself. There are a few new houses, but they have no local character; you can see the same style anywhere in the country. The whole of the village, in fact, has been tidied up so much that it has become nothing more than just another suburb. 1. When the writer revisited his village, he quickly realized that _____________. A. the village changed a lot in appearance B. everything has almost changed C. all the pretty cottages as well as the farmhouses have been built D. the residents of the village are all commuters 2. Neither of the farmhouses _______________ A. has a connection with a farm B. has been sold C. is attached to the farmers. D. is managed by the commuters 3. The word “managed” in the line 8 can be best replaced by ______________. A. controlled B. spent C. used D. taken 4. According to the writer, __________________. A. the village now has no local character B. all the new houses are the same style C. the village is tidier than it used to D. the village has become nothing but a suburb 5. Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the passage? A. The writer has visited the village several times before. B. The writer revisited his village last week. C. In fact, the village has changed much. D. The village nowadays has become another suburb.

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