a) \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-2x^2\)
\(=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-2x^2\)
\(=x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}-2x^2\)
\(=-x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
b) \(\left(x-2y\right)^2-4y^2\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot2y+\left(2y\right)^2-4y^2\)
\(=x^2-4xy+4y^2-4y^2\)
\(=x^2-4xy\)
c) \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^3\)
\(=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}y+3\cdot x+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^3\)
\(=x^3+\dfrac{3}{2}x^2y+\dfrac{3}{4}xy^2+\dfrac{1}{8}y^3\)
d) \(\left(2x^2-3y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(2x^2\right)^3-3\cdot\left(2x^2\right)^2\cdot3y+3\cdot2x^2\cdot\left(3y\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^3\)
\(=8x^6-36x^4y+54x^2y^2-27y^3\)
e) \(\left(x^2+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2\right)^2+2\cdot x^2\cdot y+y^2\right]-\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot y+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^4+2x^2y+y^2\right)-\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^4+2x^2y+y^2-x^2-2xy-y^2\)
\(=x^4+2x^2y-x^2-2xy\)
