a) =a2b - ab2 + b2c - bc2 + a2c - ac2
= abc +a2b - ab2 +b2c - bc2 +a2c - ac2 - abc
= (a2b - abc) - (ab2 - b2c) - (bc2 - ac2) - (a2c - abc)
= ab(a - c) - b2(a - c) - c2(b - a) - ac(a - b)
= [ab(a - c) - b2(a - c)] + [c2(a - b) - ac(a - b)]
= (a - c)(ab - b2) + (a - b)(c2 - ac)
= b(a - c)(a - b) + c(a - b)(c - a)
= b(a - c)(a - b) - c(a - b)(a - c)
= (a - c)(a - b)(b - c)
b)= ab2 - ac2 + bc2 - a2b + a2c - b2c
= abc + ab2 - ac2 + bc2 - a2b + a2c - b2c - abc
= (ab2 - abc) + (abc - ac2) - (b2c - bc2) - (a2b - a2c)
= ab(b - c) + ac( b - c) - bc(b - c) - a2(b - c)
= (b - c)(ab + ac - bc - a2)
= (b - c) [(ab - bc) + (ac - a2)]
= (b - c) [b(a - c) +a(c - a)]
= (b - c) [b(a - c) - a(a - c)]
= (b - c)(a - c)(b - a)
c) = ab3 - ac3 + bc3 - a3b + a3c - b3c
= a2bc + ab2c + abc2 + a3b + a2b2 + a2bc - a3c - a2bc - a2c2 + a2c2 + abc2 + ac3 - a2b2
- ab3 - ab2c + ab2c + b3c + b2c2 - abc2 - b2c2 - bc3 - a2bc - ab2c - abc2
= (a2bc + ab2c + abc2) +(a3b + a2b2 + a2bc) - (a3c - a2bc - a2c2) +(a2c2 + abc2 +ac3) -
(a2b2 + ab3 + ab2c) + (ab2c + b3c + b2c2) - (abc2 + b2c2 + bc3) - (a2bc + ab2c + abc2)
= abc(a + b + c) +a2b(a + b + c) - a2c(a + b + c) + ac2(a + b + c) - ab2(a + b + c) + b2c(a + b + c) - bc2(a + b + c) - abc(a + b+ c)
= (a +b +c)(abc + a2b - a2c + ac2 - ab2 + b2c - bc2 - abc)
= (a + b+ c) [(a2b - abc)+(abc - bc2) - (a2c - ac2) - (ab2 - b2c)]
= (a + b + c) [ab(a - c) + bc(a - c) - ac(a - c) - b2(a - c)]
= (a + b + c)(a - c)(ab + bc - ac - b2)
= (a +b + c)(a - c) [(ab - ac) - (b2 - bc)]
= (a + b+ c)(a - c) [a(b - c) - b(b - c)]
= (a + b + c)(a - c)(b - c)(a - b)
