a)2Al+6HCl ->2AlCl3+3H2
nAl=5.4/27=0.2mol
suy ra nH2=3/2*nAl=0.2 *3/2=0.3mol
suy ra VH2=0.3*22.4=6.72 l
b)C1 :nHCl =3*nAl=3*0.2=0.6 mol
suy ra mHCl=0.6*36.5=21.9 g
C2:nAlCl3=nAl=0.2 mol
suy ra mAlCl3=0.2*133.5=26.7g
Ta có :mHCl=mAlCl3-mH2-mAl=26.7+0.3*2-5.4=21.9g
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,3mol\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b)
+) Cách 1:
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}=0,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6\cdot36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
+) Cách 2:
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,2mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{HCl}=m_{AlCl_3}+m_{H_2}-m_{Al}=21,9\left(g\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(n_{AlCl_3}=0,2mol\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,2mol\\n_{Cl}=0,6mol\end{matrix}\right.\)