a/ \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na^+}=n_{OH^-}=\frac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[Na^+\right]=\frac{n_{Na^+}}{V}=\frac{0,5}{0,1}=5\left(mol/l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[OH^-\right]=\frac{n_{OH^-}}{V}=\frac{0,5}{0,1}=5\left(mol/l\right)\)
b/ \(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\frac{n_{HCl}}{C_{MHCl}}=\frac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)