Fe + H2SO4 => FeSO4 + H2
nFe = m/M = 5.6/56 = 0.1 (mol)
=> nH2 = 0.1 (mol) => VH2 = 22.4 x 0.1 = 2.24 (l)
CuO + H2 => Cu + H2O (đk: đun nóng)
nCuO = m/M = 12/80 = 0.15 (mol)
Lập tỉ số: 0.01/1 < 0.15/1 => CuO dư, H2 hết
nCuO dư = 0.15 - 0.1 = 0.05 (mol) => mCuO dư = n.M = 0.05 x 80 = 4 (g)
a) \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b) \(n_{Fe}=\frac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}:n_{Fe}=1:1\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{CuO}=\frac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Cu+H_2O\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{n_{CuO}}{1}=\frac{0,15}{1}=0,15\\\frac{n_{H_2}}{1}=\frac{0,1}{1}=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuO dư, H2 phản ứng hết như vậy tính toán theo \(n_{H_2}\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{CuO\left(pứ\right)}=n_{H_2}=1:1\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(pứ\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=n_{CuO\left(bđ\right)}-n_{CuO\left(pứ\right)}=0,15-0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\)