2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2↑ (1)
Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2O (2)
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
a) Theo pt1: \(n_{Al}=\frac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\frac{2}{3}\times0,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,4\times27=10,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=21-10,8=10,2\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PT1: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}=3\times0,2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\frac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo Pt2: \(n_{HCl}=6n_{Al_2O_3}=6\times0,1=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,6+0,6=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2\times36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\frac{43,8}{36\%}=121,67\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\frac{121,67}{1,18}=103,11\left(ml\right)\)
