PTHH: \(Na_2CO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(Na_2SO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O+SO_2\uparrow\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\cdot2=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của Na2CO3 là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(1\right)}=a\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của Na2SO3 là b \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(2\right)}=b\left(mol\right)\)
Ta lập được hệ phương trình:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,5\\106a+126b=55\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,4\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na_2SO_3}=0,1\cdot126=12,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Na_2CO_3}=42,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{12,6}{55}\cdot100\%\approx22,91\%\\\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=77,09\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Theo các PTHH: \(\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=\Sigma n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,5mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,5\cdot142=71\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddH_2SO_4}=250\cdot1,2=300\left(g\right)\\m_{CO_2}=0,4\cdot44=17,6\left(g\right)\\m_{SO_2}=0,1\cdot64=6,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{khí}=331\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{71}{331}\cdot100\%\approx21,45\%\)
c) \(d_{khí/kk}=\dfrac{54}{29}\approx1,86\)