II. Tính từ về chủ đề môi trường:
Toxic/poisonous: độc hạiEffective/efficient/efficacious: hiệu quảThorny/head-aching/head splitting: đau đầuSerious/acute: nghiêm trọngExcessive: quá mứcFresh/pure: trong lànhPollutive: bị ô nhiễmIII. Động từ về chủ đề môi trường:
Pollute: ô nhiễmDispose/release/get rid of: thải raContaminate/pollute: làm ô nhiễm/làm nhiễm độcCatalyze (for): xúc tác (cho)Exploit: khai thácCut/reduce: giảm thiểuConserve: giữ gìnMake use of/take advantage of: tận dụng/lợi dụngOver-abuse: lạm dụng quá mứcHalt/discontinue/stop: dừng lạiTackle/cope with/deal with/grapple: giải quyếtDamage/destroy: phá hủyLimit/curb/control: hạn chế/ngăn chặn/kiểm soátCause/contribute to climate change/global warming: gây ra/góp phần vào sự biến đổi khí hậu/nóng lên toàn cầuProduce pollution/CO2/greenhouse (gas) emissions: tạo ra sự ô nhiễm/khí CO2/khí thải nhà kínhDamage/destroy the environment/a marine ecosystem/the ozone layer/coral reefs: phá hủy môi trường/hệ sinh thái dưới nước/tầng ozon/rặng san hôDegrade ecosystems/habitats/the environment: làm suy thoái hệ sinh thái/môi trường sốngHarm the environment/wildlife/marine life: gây hại cho môi trường/đời sống tự nhiên/đời sống dưới nướcThreaten natural habitats/coastal ecosystems/a species with extinction: đe dọa môi trường sống tự nhiên/hệ sinh thái ven bờ/giống loài có nguy cơ tuyệt chủngDeplete natural resources/the ozone layer: làm cạn kiệt tài nguyên thiên nhiên/tầng ozonPollute rivers and lakes/waterways/the air/the atmosphere/the environment/oceans: làm ô nhiễm sống và hồ/luồng nước/không khí/bầu khí quyển/môi trường/đại dươngContaminate groundwater/the soil/food/crops: làm ô nhiễm nguồn nước ngầm/đất/thực phẩm/mùa màngLog forests/rainforests/trees: chặt phá rừng/rừng nhiệt đới/cây cốiAddress/combat/tackle the threat/effects/impact of climate change: giải quyết/chống lại/ xử lí những đe dọa/ảnh hưởng/tác động của biến đổi khí hậuFight/take action on/reduce/stop global warming: đấu tranh/hành động/giảm/ngăn chặn sự nóng lên toàn cầuLimit/curb/control air/water/atmospheric/environmental pollution: hạn chế/ngăn chặn/kiểm soát sự ô nhiễm không khí, nước, bầu khí quyển, môi trườngCut/reduce pollution/greenhouse gas emissions: giảm sự ô nhiễm hoặc lượng khí thải nhà kínhOffset carbon/CO2 emissions: làm giảm lượng khí thải carbon/CO2Reduce (the size of) your carbon footprint: làm giảm (kích cỡ của) dấu chân carbon của bạn.Achieve/promote sustainable development: đạt được/thúc đẩy sự phát triển bền vữngPreserve/conserve biodiversity/natural resources: bảo tồn/ giữ gìn sự đa dạng sinh học/tài nguyên thiên nhiênProtect endangered species/a coastal ecosystem: bảo vệ chủng loài có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng/hệ sinh thái ven bờPrevent/stop soil erosion/overfishing/massive deforestation/damage to ecosystems: ngăn chặn sự xói mòn đất/sự đánh bắt cá quá mức/sự phá hủy rừng trên diện rộng/sự tàn phá hệ sinh tháiRaise awareness of environmental issues: nâng cao nhận thức về những vấn đề môi trườngSave the planet/the rainforests/an endangered species: cứu lấy hành tinh/những khu rừng nhiệt đới/loài động vật có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng
Environmentalist
/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentəlɪst/ n Nhà bảo vệ môi trường Environmentalists are people who love the natural world. | Climate
/ˈklaɪmət/ n Khí hậu They wanted to move to a warmer climate. | Biodiversity
/ˌbaɪoʊdaɪˈvɜːrsəti/ n Đa dạng sinh học The mining project threatens one of the world's richest areas of biodiversity. |
| Atmosphere
/ˈætməsfɪr/ n Bầu khí quyển If the Earth was an orange, the crust would be as thick as the skin, but the atmosphere is as thin as the plastic wrap on the outside. | Ozone layer
/ˈoʊzoʊn ˈleɪər/ compound n. Tầng Ôzôn The ozone layer is in better shape now that certain chemicals are banned, which is proof that environmental laws are important. | Habitat
/ˈhæbɪtæt/ n Môi trường sống The panda's natural habitat is the bamboo forest. |
| Conservation
/ˌkɑːnsərˈveɪʃn/ n Bảo tồn Road development in the area has been severely affected by the council's conservation programmes. | Endangered
/ɪnˈdeɪndʒərd/ adj Có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng The sea turtle is an endangered species. | Creature
/ˈkriːtʃər/ n Sinh vật The mouse is a shy, nocturnal creature. |
| Save
/seɪv/ v Cứu, tiết kiệm To protect the environment, we should save energy, reduce pollution, and preserve our natural resources. | Protect
/prəˈtekt/ v Bảo vệ Students understand the need for protecting the environment because they know it’s really about the future health and happiness of people everywhere. | Recycle
/ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v Tái chế Denmark recycles nearly 85% of its paper. |
| Destroy
/dɪˈstrɔɪ/ v Phá hủy The house was completely destroyed by fire. | Pollute
/pəˈluːt/ v Làm ô nhiễm The river has been polluted with toxic waste from local factories. | Use up
/juːz ʌp/ phr. v. Dùng hết kiệt Cars use up energy and cause pollution. |
| Throw away
/θroʊ əˈweɪ/ phr. v. Vứt bỏ, ném đi Don’t throw anything away, we try to recycle a lot. | Cut down
/kʌt daʊn/ phr. v. Chặt bỏ đi, cắt giảm Cutting down trees affects us and our environment by making floods worse for everyone. | Contaminate
/kənˈtæmɪneɪt/ v Làm bẩn, đầu độc The soil has been seriously contaminated. |
| Threaten
/ˈθretn/ v Đe dọa Plastic waste threatens our marine environment. | Dump
/dʌmp/ v Vứt bỏ, đổ Old washing machines have been dumped near the beach. | Leak
/liːk/ v Rò rỉ The tank had leaked a small amount of water. |
| Die out
/daɪ aʊt/ phr. v. Tuyệt chủng, chết hết There might have been a change in the climate of a particular region, and the plants or animals on which the species lived could have died out because of the change in the weather. | Renewable energy
/rɪˈnjuːəbl ˈenərdʒi/ compound n. Năng lượng tái sinh Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat. | Nuclear Energy
/ˈnjuːkliər ˈenərdʒi/ compound n. Năng lượng nguyên tử A major advantage of nuclear energy is that it doesn't put carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. |
| Solar energy
/ˈsəʊlər ˈenərdʒi/ compound n. Năng lượng mặt trời Solar energy technologies use the sun's energy and light to provide heat and electricity for homes, businesses, and industry. | Forest fire
/ˈfɔːrɪst ˈfaɪər/ n Cháy rừng Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung has issued an order asking ministries, industries and localities to take drastic measures to prevent forest fires. | Disaster
/dɪˈzæstər/ n Thảm họa Thousands of animals died in the environmental disaster. |
| Extinction
/ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ n Sự tuyệt chủng We know of several mass extinctions in the earth's history. | Deforestation
/ˌdiːˌfɔːrɪˈsteɪʃn/ n Nạn phá rừng Human activities, particularly agriculture and deforestation, have increased erosion rates. | Famine
/ˈfæmɪn/ n Nạn đói The Irish Famine of 1846-50 took as many as a million lives from hunger and disease. |
| Oil slick
/ɔɪl slɪk/ compound n. Tràn dầu Oil slicks cause untold damage to algae, seaweed, plant life, fish, birds, sea mammals, shellfish, and the soil and rocks on beaches. | Dust
/dʌst/ n Bụi bẩn Do not inhale the dust, it's dangerous. | Pollution
/pəˈluːʃn/ n Sự ô nhiễm Pollution is caused when harmful or poisonous substances are released into the air, rivers, seas, animals, plants or even our bodies. |
| Climate change
/ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ/ compound n. Biến đổi khí hậu Climate change is now widely recognized as the major environmental problem facing the globe. | Greenhouse effect
/ˈɡriːnhaʊs ɪˈfekt/ compound n. Hiệu ứng nhà kính We are all beginning to experience global warming due to the enhanced greenhouse effect. | Earthquake
/ˈɜːθkweɪk/ n Động đất The earthquake measured 6.8 on the Richter scale. |
| Global warming
/ɡloʊbl ˈwɔːrmɪŋ/ compound n. Hiện tượng ấm lên toàn cầu There is growing evidence that current global warming is human-caused and that it is having widespread impacts. | Drought
/draʊt/ n Hạn hán The country's entire grain harvest has been hit by drought. | Volcanic eruption
/vɒlˈkænɪk ɪˈrʌptʃn/ compound n. Sự phun trào của núi lửa Erupting volcanoes can pose many hazards, not only in the immediate vicinity of the eruption. |
| Tsunami
/tsuːˈnɑːmi/ n Sóng thần These people are from 3 villages affected by the tsunami. | Flood
/flʌd/ n Lũ lụt The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country. | Typhoon
/taɪˈfuːn/ n Bão nhiệt đới Almost 70 % of the island's total rainfall occurs during the summer typhoon months. |
| Acid rain
/ˈæsɪd reɪn/ compound n. Mưa axít The governments of both the USA and Canada are trying to solve the problems caused by acid rain in a number of ways. | Storm
/stɔːrm/ n Bão I think we're in for a storm. | T ornado
/tɔːrˈneɪdoʊ/ n Lốc xoáy Tornadoes ripped through the Southern United States yesterday. |
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