Ta có:

\(x^2+1=x^2+xy+yz+zx\)

           \(=x\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)

Tương tự:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^2+1=\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)\\z^2+1=\left(z+y\right)\left(z+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(A=x\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}}+y\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}}+z\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)

\(=x\left|y+z\right|+y\left|z+x\right|+z\left|x+y\right|\)

TH1: x,y,z <0

\(A=-x\left(y+z\right)-y\left(z+x\right)-z\left(x+y\right)=-2\)

TH2: x,y,z>0

\(A=x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(z+x\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=2\)

Ta có \(1+z^2=xy+yz+zx+z^2\)

\(=y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+z\right)\)

\(=\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)

CMTT, \(1+x^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\) và \(1+y^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\)

Do đó \(\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)}{1+x^2}}\) \(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)^2}\) \(=\left|y+z\right|\)

 Tương tự như thế, ta được

\(A=x\left|y+z\right|+y\left|z+x\right|+z\left|x+y\right|\)

 Cái này không tính ra số cụ thể được nhé bạn. Nó còn phải tùy vào dấu của \(x+y,y+z,z+x\) nữa.

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-4=a\\y-3=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=5\)

\(Q=\sqrt{\left(a+5\right)^2+b^2}+\sqrt{\left(a+3\right)^2+\left(b+4\right)^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow Q\le\sqrt{2\left[\left(a+5\right)^2+b^2+\left(a+3\right)^2+\left(b+4\right)^2\right]}\) (Bunhiacopxki)

\(\Rightarrow Q\le\sqrt{4\left(a^2+8a+b^2+4b+25\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow Q\le\sqrt{4\left(a^2+2.4a+b^2+2.2b+25\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow Q\le\sqrt{4\left(a^2+2\left(a^2+4\right)+b^2+2\left(b^2+1\right)+25\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow Q\le\sqrt{4\left(3a^2+3b^2+35\right)}\le\sqrt{4\left(3.5+35\right)}=10\sqrt{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Lời giải:

$xy+\sqrt{(1+x^2)(1+y^2)}=1$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(1+x^2)(1+y^2)}=1-xy$

$\Rightarrow (1+x^2)(1+y^2)=(1-xy)^2$ (bp 2 vế)

$\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=-2xy$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-y$.

Khi đó:

$M=(x+\sqrt{1+(-x)^2})(-x+\sqrt{1+x^2})=(\sqrt{1+x^2}+x)(\sqrt{1+x^2}-x)$

$=1+x^2-x^2=1$

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x+3}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{y}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow b\left(b^2+1\right)-3a^2=\left(a^2+1\right)a-3b^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3-b^3+3a^2-3b^2+a-b=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(3a+3b\right)+a-b=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2+3a+3b+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}=\sqrt{y}\)

\(\Rightarrow y=2x+3\)

\(\Rightarrow M=x\left(2x+3\right)+3\left(2x+3\right)-4x^2-3\) tới đây chắc chỉ cần bấm máy