Bài 5:

Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

a, PT: \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)

_____0,2__0,25__0,1 (mol)

b, V_O2 = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6 (l)

c, PT: \(P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\)

______0,1______________0,2 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_3PO_4}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_3PO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{120}.100\%\approx16,33\text{ }\%\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(nNa=\dfrac{6,9}{23}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Na+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Na_2O\)

4         1         2          (mol)

0,3    0,075    0,15

\(VO_2=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)

\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaO H\)

1              1             2        (mol)

0,15        0,15       0,3    (mol)

\(m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{ddA}=\dfrac{12.100}{180}=6,67\%\)

\(4A+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2A_2O\\ n_A=4n_{O_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{18,4}{0,8}=23\left(Na\right)\)

\(a) 4Na + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Na_2O\\ b) n_{Na} = \dfrac{4,6}{23} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{4}n_{Na} = 0,05(mol)\\ V_{O_2} = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12(lít)\\ c) Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH\\ n_{NaOH} = n_{Na} = 0,2(mol)\\ C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{0,2.40}{160}.100\% = 5\%\\ d)\)

\(n_{Na\ thêm} = x(mol)\\ 2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2\\ n_{NaOH} = n_{Na} = x(mol)\\ n_{H_2} =0,5x(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd} = 23x + 160 -0,5x.2 = 22x + 160(gam)\\ \Rightarrow C\% = \dfrac{0,2.40 + 40x}{22x + 160}.100\% = 5\% + 5\%\\ \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{40}{189}\\ m_{Na} = \dfrac{40}{189}.23 = 4,87(gam)\)

\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4.6}{23}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Na+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2Na_2O\)

\(0.2.....0.05.........0.1\)

\(V_{O_2}=0.05\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)

\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

\(0.1.......................0.2\)

\(m_{NaOH}=0.2\cdot40=8\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{160}\cdot100\%=5\%\)

Để C% tăng thêm 5% 

\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)

\(a...............a.......0.5a\)

\(m_{NaOH}=40a\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd_{NaOH}}=23a+160-0.5a\cdot2=22a+160\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40a+8}{22a+160}\cdot100\%=5\%\)

\(\Rightarrow a=0\)

=> Sai đề

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ a,Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,1(mol);n_{HCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6(g)\\ C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,25}=0,8M\\ b,m_{dd_{HCl}}=250.1,12=280(g)\\ n_{FeCl_2}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{5,6+280-0,1.2}.100\%=4,45\%\)

\(a,PTHH:4K+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2K_2O\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{\left(đktc\right)}}{22,4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_K=4n_{O_2}=4.0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_K=n.M=0,4.39=15,6\left(g\right)\\ c,Theo.PTHH:n_{K_2O}=2n_{O_2}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{K_2O}=n.M=0,2.94=18,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_K=\dfrac{39}{39}=1\left(mol\right)\\ 2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{KOH}=n_K=1\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddKOH}=\dfrac{1}{0,2}=5\left(M\right)\\ c,2H_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2H_2O\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\\ n_{Fe}=a;n_{Al}=b\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=11\\a+1,5b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,1;b=0,2\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}\cdot100=50,91\%\\ \%m_{Al}=100-50,91=49,09\%\)

\(b)Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,1            0,2          0,1          0,1

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_2+3H_2\)

0,2          0,6           0,2            0,3

\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,6\right).36,5}{9,125}\cdot100=320g\)       

\(c)m_{dd}=320+11-0,1.2-0,3.2=308,2g\)

\(C_{\%FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{308,2}\cdot100=4,12\%\\ C_{\%AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5}{308,2}\cdot100=8,66\%\)