\(A=\frac{3x^2+4}{4x}+\frac{3y^2+4}{4y}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\)

\(\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)+\frac{4}{x+y}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)+\frac{x+y}{4}+\frac{4}{x+y}\)

\(\ge\frac{1}{2}.4+2\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{4}.\frac{4}{x+y}}=2+2=4\)

Dấu \(=\)xảy ra tại \(x=y=2\).

\(\dfrac{9}{4}=ab+a+b+1\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+a+b+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2+4\left(a+b\right)-5\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b-1\right)\left(a+b+5\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b-1\ge0\) (do \(a+b+5>0\))

\(\Rightarrow a+b\ge1\)

b.

\(a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.1^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)

Với mọi số thực ta luôn có:

`(x-y)^2>=0`

`<=>x^2-2xy+y^2>=0`

`<=>x^2+y^2>=2xy`

`<=>(x+y)^2>=4xy`

`<=>(x+y)^2>=16`

`<=>x+y>=4(đpcm)`

\(\dfrac{1}{x+3}+\dfrac{1}{y+3}=\dfrac{x+3+y+3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(y+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+y+6}{3x+3y+13}\)(vì \(xy=4\))

=> \(\dfrac{x+y+6}{3x+3y+13}\)≤\(\dfrac{2}{5}\)

<=> \(5\left(x+y+6\right)\)≤\(2\left(3x+3y+13\right)\)

<=>\(6x+6y+26-5x-5y-30\)≥\(0\)

<=> \(x+y-4\)≥\(0\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM \(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\)≥\(\sqrt{ab}\)

Ta có \(\dfrac{x+y}{2}\)≥\(\sqrt{xy}\)

<=>\(x+y\) ≥ 2\(\sqrt{xy}\)

=>2\(\sqrt{xy}-4\)≥\(0\)

<=> \(4-4\)≥0

<=>0≥0 ( Luôn đúng )

Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{x+3}+\dfrac{1}{y+3}\)≤\(\dfrac{2}{5}\)

\(x^4y+x^2y-x^2y=x^2y\left(x^2+1\right)-x^2y.\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x^2y\left(x^2+1\right)-x^2y}{\left(x^2+1\right)}=x^2y-\frac{x^2y}{\left(x^2+1\right)}\\\frac{y^2z\left(y^2+1\right)-y^2z}{\left(y^2+1\right)}=y^2z-\frac{y^2z}{\left(y^2+1\right)}\\\frac{z^2x\left(z^2+1\right)-z^2x}{\left(z^2+1\right)}=z^2x-\frac{z^2x}{\left(z^2+1\right)}\end{cases}}Vt\ge x^2y+y^2z+z^2x-\left(\frac{x^2y}{x^2+1}+\frac{y^2z}{y^2+1}+\frac{z^2x}{z^2+1}\right)\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1\ge2x\\y^2+1\ge2y\\z^2+1\ge2z\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}-\frac{x^2y}{x^2+1}\ge\frac{x^2y}{2x}=\frac{xy}{2}\\\frac{y^2z}{2y}=\frac{yz}{2}\\\frac{z^2x}{2z}=\frac{xz}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}VT\ge x^2y+y^2z+z^2x-\left(\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\right)}\)

\(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3z^3}=3\)

\(VT\ge3-\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2}\)

t chỉ làm dc đến đây thôi :))

Từ \(VT\ge x^2y+y^2z+z^2x-\left(\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\right)\)ta có:

\(x^2y+x^2y+y^2z=x^2y+x^2y+\frac{y}{x}\ge3xy\)(áp dụng BĐT Cauchy)

Tương tự : \(y^2z+y^2z+z^2x\ge3yz\);   \(z^2x+z^2x+x^2y\ge3zx\)

Cộng vế theo vế suy ra : \(3\left(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\right)\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\ge xy+yz+zx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1

Do xyz=1. nên bđt cần chứng minh tường đương với

\(\frac{x^4}{x^3z+xz}+\frac{y^4}{y^3x+xy}+\frac{z^4}{z^3y+zy}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)

Theo BĐT Bunhiacopsky ta có:

\(\frac{x^4}{x^3z+xz}+\frac{y^4}{y^3x+xy}+\frac{z^4}{z^3y+zy}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^3z+xz+y^3x+xy+z^3y+zy}\)

Do vậy ta cần cm

\(\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^3z+xz+y^3x+xy+z^3y+zy}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)+4\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)\ge3\left(x^3z+y^3x+z^3y\right)+3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)

BĐT trên là tổng của 3 BĐT sau:

\(1,x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\ge xy+yz+xz\)

\(2,x^4+y^4+z^4\ge x^3z+y^3x+z^3y\)

\(3,x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\ge2\left(x^3z+y^3x+z^3y\right)\)

ta có bđt trên tương đương với

\(x^2\left(x-z\right)^2+y^2\left(y-x\right)^2+z^2\left(z-y\right)^2\ge0\)

Nhân 3 ở bđt đầu tiên rồi cộng vế theo vế các bđt ở dưới ta có đpcm

dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=1

\(\frac{x^4}{y+3z}+\frac{y+3z}{16}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{x^4}{y+3z}.\frac{y+3z}{16}.\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{4}}=x\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^4}{y+3z}\ge x-\frac{y+3z}{16}-\frac{1}{2}\)

Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại : 

\(\frac{y^4}{z+3x}\ge y-\frac{z+3x}{16}-\frac{1}{2};\frac{z^4}{z+3y}\ge z-\frac{x+3y}{16}-\frac{1}{2}\)

Công theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta được :

\(VT\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{3}{4}.3-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)

Chúc bạn học tốt !!!

Cách 2:

\(VT\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}{12}\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}}{12}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)

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