Ta chứng minh BĐT sau:

Ta có: \(x\left(3-4x^2\right)=-4x^3+3x-1+1=1-\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)^2\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4x^2}{x\left(3-4x^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{4x^2}{1}=4x^2\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(Q\ge4\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge4\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Ta có:

x2+y2+z2=12;x+y+z=6⇒3(x2+y2+z2)−(x+y+z)2=0⇔3(x2+y2+z2)−(x2+y2+z2+2xy+2xz+2yz)=0⇔2x2+2y2+2z2−2xy−2xz−2yz=0⇔(x−y)2+(y−z)2+(z−x)2=0(1)x2+y2+z2=12;x+y+z=6⇒3(x2+y2+z2)−(x+y+z)2=0⇔3(x2+y2+z2)−(x2+y2+z2+2xy+2xz+2yz)=0⇔2x2+2y2+2z2−2xy−2xz−2yz=0⇔(x−y)2+(y−z)2+(z−x)2=0(1)

Mà (x−y)2,(y−z)2,(z−x)2≥0,∀x,y,z(x−y)2,(y−z)2,(z−x)2≥0,∀x,y,z

⇒(x−y)2+(y−z)2+(z−x)2≥0,∀x,y,z⇒(x−y)2+(y−z)2+(z−x)2≥0,∀x,y,z

→(1)→(1) đúng chỉ khi dấu bằng xảy ra

(x−y)2=(y−z)2=(z−x)2=0⇔x−y=y−z=z−x=0⇔x=y=z(x−y)2=(y−z)2=(z−x)2=0⇔x−y=y−z=z−x=0⇔x=y=z

Mà x+y+z=6x+y+z=6⇒x=y=z=2⇒x=y=z=2\, suy ra A=10

Lời giải:

$x^2+4y^2+9z^2=2x+4y+6z-3$

$\Leftrightarrow (x^2-2x+1)+(4y^2-4y+1)+(9z^2-6z+1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2+(2y-1)^2+(3z-1)^2=0$

Ta thấy: $(x-1)^2\geq 0; (2y-1)^2\geq 0; (3z-1)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x,y,z\in\mathbb{R}$

Do đó để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì:

$(x-1)^2=(2y-1)^2=(3z-1)^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=1; y=\frac{1}{2}; z=\frac{1}{3}$
Khi đó:

$xyz=1.\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{6}$