Bài 1.

Lời giải:
a. $(x^2-9)(5x+15)=0$

$\Rightarrow x^2-9=0$ hoặc $5x+15=0$
Nếu $x^2-9=0$

$\Rightarrow x^2=9=3^2=(-3)^2$

$\Rightarrow x=3$ hoặc $-3$
Nếu $5x+15=0$

$\Rightarrow x=-3$
b.

$x^2-8x=0$
$\Rightarrow x(x-8)=0$

$\Rightarrow x=0$ hoặc $x-8=0$

$\Rightarrow x=0$ hoặc $x=8$

c. 

$5+12(x-1)^2=53$

$12(x-1)^2=53-5=48$

$(x-1)^2=48:12=4=2^2=(-2)^2$

$\Rightarrow x-1=2$ hoặc $x-2=-2$
$\Rightarrow x=3$ hoặc $x=0$

d.

$(x-5)^2=36=6^2=(-6)^2$
$\Rightarrow x-5=6$ hoặc $x-5=-6$

$\Rightarrow x=11$ hoặc $x=-1$

e.

$(3x-5)^3=64=4^3$

$\Rightarrow 3x-5=4$

$\Rightarrow 3x=9$

$\Rightarrow x=3$

f.

$4^{2x}+2^{4x+3}=144$
$2^{4x}+2^{4x}.8=144$

$2^{4x}(1+8)=144$

$2^{4x}.9=144$

$2^{4x}=144:9=16=2^4$

$\Rightarrow 4x=4\Rightarrow x=1$

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\(a,5x\left(x^2-9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x^2=9\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,3\left(x+3\right)-x^2-3x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(x+3\right)-x\left(x+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(3-x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ c,x^2-9x-10=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+x-10x-10=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)-10\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-10\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, 5\(x\)(\(x^2\) - 9) = 0

    \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x^2-9=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Vậy \(x\) \(\in\) { -3; 0; 3}

b, 3.(\(x+3\)) - \(x^2\) - 3\(x\) = 0

    3.(\(x+3\)) - \(x\).( \(x\) + 3) = 0

    (\(x+3\))( 3 - \(x\)) = 0

     \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(x\) \(\in\){ -3; 3}

c, \(x^2\) - 9\(x\) - 10 = 0

   \(x^2\) + \(x\) - 10\(x\)  - 10 = 0

   \(x.\left(x+1\right)\) - 10.( \(x-1\)) = 0

        (\(x+1\))(\(x-10\)) = 0

         \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\x-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

           \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(x\) \(\in\){ -1; 10}

a) 5x(x2-9)=0

=> TH1 5x=0

      <=> x= 0

     TH2: 2x-9=0

       <=> 2x=9

       <=> x = \(\dfrac{9}{2}\)

b, 3(x+3) - x²- 3x = 0   

<=> 3x + 9 - x² -3x = 0

<=> - x² +9 = 0

<=> - x² = -9

 <=> x = 3

c, x² -9x -10 = 0

<=> x² -x + 10x -10 = 0

<=> x(x-1)+10(x-1)=0     

 <=> (x-1)(x+10)=0

=> TH1: x-1=0

       <=> x=1

      TH2: x +10=0

      <=>  x=-10

a) \(\Rightarrow x\left(x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\Rightarrow x\left(x^2-4\right)=0\Rightarrow x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=2\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(5x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) \(\Rightarrow2\left(x+5\right)-x\left(x+5\right)=0\Rightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(2-x\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

e) \(\Rightarrow2x^2-10x-3x-2x^2=26\)

\(\Rightarrow-13x=26\Rightarrow x=-2\)

f) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-2012\right)\left(5x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2012\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2\right)\sqrt{x^2+x+1}-2\left(x^2+2\right)+x^3-x^2-5x+6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+x+1}-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x^2+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+x+1}+2}+\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x-3\right)\left(\dfrac{x^2+2}{\sqrt{x^2+x+1}+2}+x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x-3=0\Rightarrow x=...\\x^2+2=\left(2-x\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+x+1}+2\right)\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-2=\left(2-x\right)\sqrt{x^2+x+1}\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=t>0\Rightarrow x^2=t^2-x-1\)

\(\Rightarrow t^2+x-3=\left(2-x\right)t\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^2+\left(x-2\right)t+x-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-1+\left(x-2\right)\left(t+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t+1\right)\left(t+x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t=3-x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=3-x\) (\(x\le3\))

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+1=x^2-6x+9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{8}{7}\)

đk : x\(\ge\)0

x²-6x+9 +3 -2\(\sqrt{3x}\)+x =0

<=> (x-3)²+ ( \(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{x}\))²=0 vì (x-3)² \(\ge\)0 và ( \(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{x}\))²\(\ge\)0 nên :

<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-3\right)^2=0\\\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{x}\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)<=> x=3 ( thỏa mãn )

Vậy x=3 .