\(\begin{array}{l}a)x - \left( {\dfrac{5}{4} - \dfrac{7}{5}} \right) = \dfrac{9}{{20}}\\x = \dfrac{9}{{20}} + \left( {\dfrac{5}{4} - \dfrac{7}{5}} \right)\\x = \dfrac{9}{{20}} + \dfrac{{25}}{{20}} - \dfrac{{28}}{{20}}\\x = \dfrac{{6}}{{20}}\\x = \dfrac{{ 3}}{{10}}\end{array}\)

Vậy \(x = \dfrac{{ 3}}{{10}}\)

\(\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}{b)9 - x = \dfrac{8}{7} - \left( { - \dfrac{7}{8}} \right)}\\\begin{array}{l}9 - x = \dfrac{8}{7} + \dfrac{7}{8}\\9 - x = \dfrac{{64}}{{56}} + \dfrac{{49}}{{56}}\\9 - x = \dfrac{{113}}{{56}}\end{array}\\{x = 9 - \dfrac{{113}}{{56}}}\\{x = \dfrac{{504}}{{56}} - \dfrac{{113}}{{56}}}\\{x = \dfrac{{391}}{{56}}}\end{array}\)

Vậy \(x = \dfrac{{391}}{{56}}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}a)x + 0,25 = \frac{1}{2}\\x = \frac{1}{2} - 0,25\\x = \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{4}\\x = \frac{2}{4} - \frac{1}{4}\\x = \frac{1}{4}\end{array}\)

Vậy \(x = \frac{1}{4}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}b)x - \left( { - \frac{5}{7}} \right) = \frac{9}{{14}}\\x = \frac{9}{{14}} + \left( { - \frac{5}{7}} \right)\\x = \frac{9}{{14}} + \left( { - \frac{{10}}{{14}}} \right)\\x = \frac{{ - 1}}{{14}}\end{array}\)

Vậy \(x = \frac{{ - 1}}{{14}}\)

Chọn A

Ta có:

\(\begin{array}{l}cos2x = cos\left( {x + \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x = x + \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\2x =  - x - \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\x =  - \frac{\pi }{9} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

Với \(x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \),\(k \in \mathbb{Z}\) đạt giá trị âm lớn nhất khi k = – 1, khi đó \(x = \frac{\pi }{3} - 2\pi  = \frac{{ - 5\pi }}{3}\)

Với \(x =  - \frac{\pi }{9} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{3}\),\(k \in \mathbb{Z}\) đạt giá trị âm lớn nhất khi k = 0, khi đó \(x = x =  - \frac{\pi }{9} + 0.\frac{{2\pi }}{3} =  - \frac{\pi }{9}\)

Vậy nghiệm âm lớn nhất của phương trình đã cho là \( - \frac{\pi }{9}\).
Đáp án: A

\(\begin{array}{l}a)3{x^7}:\dfrac{1}{2}{x^4} = (3:\dfrac{1}{2}).({x^7}:{x^4}) = 6{x^3}\\b)( - 2x):x = [( - 2):1].(x:x) =  - 2\\c)0,25{x^5}:( - 5{x^2}) = [0,25:( - 5)].({x^5}:{x^2}) =  - 0,05.{x^3}\end{array}\)

a) Cách 1:

\(\begin{array}{l}(8 + 2\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + 0,4) - (3\frac{1}{3} - 2)\\ = (8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + \frac{4}{{10}}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - 2)\\ = 8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5} - 5 - \frac{2}{5} - \frac{{10}}{3} + 2\\ = (8 - 5 + 2) + (\frac{7}{3} - \frac{{10}}{3}) - (\frac{3}{5} + \frac{2}{5})\\ = 5 + \frac{{ - 3}}{3} - \frac{5}{5}\\ = 5 + ( - 1) - 1\\ = 3\end{array}\)

Cách 2:

\(\begin{array}{l}(8 + 2\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + 0,4) - (3\frac{1}{3} - 2)\\ = (8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + \frac{4}{{10}}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - 2)\\ = (\frac{{120}}{{15}} + \frac{{35}}{{15}} - \frac{9}{{15}}) - (\frac{{25}}{5} + \frac{2}{5}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - \frac{6}{3})\\ = \frac{{146}}{{15}} - \frac{{27}}{5} - \frac{4}{3}\\ = \frac{{146}}{{15}} - \frac{{81}}{{15}} - \frac{{20}}{{15}}\\ = \frac{{45}}{{15}}\\ = 3\end{array}\)

b)

\(\begin{array}{l}(7 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{3}{4}):(5 - \frac{1}{4} - \frac{5}{8})\\ = (\frac{{28}}{4} - \frac{2}{4} - \frac{3}{4}):(\frac{{40}}{8} - \frac{2}{8} - \frac{5}{8})\\ = \frac{{23}}{4}:\frac{{33}}{8}\\ = \frac{{23}}{4}.\frac{8}{{33}}\\ = \frac{{46}}{{33}}\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}a)\frac{9}{{10}} - (\frac{6}{5} - \frac{7}{4})\\ = \frac{9}{{10}} - \frac{6}{5} + \frac{7}{4}\\ = \frac{{18}}{{20}} - \frac{{24}}{{20}} + \frac{{35}}{{20}}\\ = \frac{{18 - 24 + 35}}{{20}}\\ = \frac{{29}}{{20}}\\b)6,5 + [0,75 - (8,25 - 1,75)]\\ = 6,5 + (0,75 - 8,25 + 1,75)\\ = 6,5 + 0,75 - 8,25 + 1,75\\ = 7,25 - 8,25 + 1,75\\ = ( - 1) + 1,75\\ = 0,75\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}a)x + 7,25 = 15,75\\x = 15,75 - 7,25\\x = 8,5\end{array}\)

Vậy x = 8,5

\(\begin{array}{l}b)\left( { - \frac{1}{3}} \right) - x = \frac{{17}}{6}\\\left( { - \frac{1}{3}} \right) - \frac{{17}}{6} = x\\\frac{{ - 2}}{6} - \frac{{17}}{6} = x\\\frac{{ - 19}}{6} = x\\x = \frac{{ - 19}}{6}\end{array}\)

Vậy \(x = \frac{{ - 19}}{6}\)

Chú ý: A = B và B = A là tương đương nhau

a) Vì \(\sin \frac{\pi }{6} = \frac{1}{2}\) nên ta có phương trình \(sin2x = \sin \frac{\pi }{6}\)

\( \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x = \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \\2x = \pi  - \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{12}} + k\pi \\x = \frac{{5\pi }}{{12}} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\)

\(\begin{array}{l}b,\,\,sin(x - \frac{\pi }{7}) = sin\frac{{2\pi }}{7}\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x - \frac{\pi }{7} = \frac{{2\pi }}{7} + k2\pi \\x - \frac{\pi }{7} = \pi  - \frac{{2\pi }}{7} + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{{3\pi }}{7} + k2\pi \\x = \frac{{6\pi }}{7} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\;c)\;sin4x - cos\left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow sin4x = cos\left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow sin4x = \sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - x - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow sin4x = \sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{3} - x} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}4x = \frac{\pi }{3} - x + k2\pi \\4x = \pi  - \frac{\pi }{3} + x + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{15}} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{5}\\x = \frac{{2\pi }}{9} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x-1}+\dfrac{4}{y}=13\\\dfrac{2}{x-1}-\dfrac{5}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)(1)

ĐK: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1\ne0\\y\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne1\\y\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(u=\dfrac{1}{x-1};v=\dfrac{1}{y}\)

\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3u+4v=13\\2u-5v=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6u+8v=26\\6u-15v=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23v=23\\2u-5v=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=1\\2u=1-5v=1+5.1=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=1\\u=\dfrac{6}{2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

- Khi u= 3, ta có \(\dfrac{1}{x-1}=3\Leftrightarrow1=3\left(x-1\right)\Leftrightarrow1=3x-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x=4\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{3}\)(thỏa mãn)

- Khi v= 1, ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{y}=1\Leftrightarrow y=1\)(thỏa mãn)

Vậy nghiệm của hệ phương trình là: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)