\(\)a: \(\left(x-2y\right)^3\)

\(=x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot2y+3\cdot x\cdot\left(2y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^3\)

\(=x^3-6x^2y+12xy^2-8y^3\)

b: \(\left(2x+y\right)^3=\left(2x\right)^3+3\cdot\left(2x\right)^2\cdot y+3\cdot2x\cdot y^2+y^3\)

\(=8x^3+12x^2y+6xy^2+y^3\)

c: \(\left(\dfrac{1}{3}x-1\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}x\right)^3-3\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}x\right)^2\cdot1+3\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}x\cdot1^2-1^3\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{27}x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}x^2+x-1\)

d: \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{3}y\right)^3\)

\(=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}y+3\cdot x\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}y\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}y\right)^3\)

\(=x^3+x^2y+\dfrac{1}{3}xy^2+\dfrac{1}{27}y^3\)

e: (2x-3y)³

\(=\left(2x\right)^3-3\cdot\left(2x\right)^2\cdot3y+3\cdot2x\cdot\left(3y\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^3\)

\(=8x^3-36x^2y+54xy^2-27y^3\)

f: \(\left(x^2-2y\right)^3\)

\(=\left(x^2\right)^3-3\cdot\left(x^2\right)^2\cdot2y+3\cdot x^2\cdot\left(2y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^3\)

\(=x^6-6x^4y+12x^2y^2-8y^3\)

g: \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-y\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)^3-3\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)^2\cdot y+3\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}x\cdot y^2-y^3\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{8}x^3-\dfrac{3}{4}x^2y+\dfrac{3}{2}xy^2-y^3\)

\(a,\left(x+3\right)^3=x^3+9x^2+27x+27\\ b,\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-x\right)^3=\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{3}{2}x^2-x^3\\ c,\left(2x-y^2\right)^3=8x^3-12x^2y^2+6xy^4-y^6\\ d,\left(2x-\dfrac{y^2}{x}\right)^3=8x^3-\dfrac{12x^2y^2}{x}+\dfrac{6xy^4}{x^2}-\dfrac{y^6}{x^2}\\ =8x^3-12xy^2+6y^4-\dfrac{y^6}{x^2}\)

\(a,=x^3+9x^2+27x+27\\ b,=x^3-9x^2+27x-27\\ c,=8x^3+12x^2+6x+1\)

b: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-2}{A}=\dfrac{\left(5x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{x^2\left(5x-1\right)+3\left(5x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x-2}{x^2+3}\)

hay \(A=x^2+3\)

Bài này đề bài phải là khai triển biểu thức, chứ không phải là tính em nhé.

Lời giải:

Ta áp dụng hằng đẳng thức đáng nhớ thôi.

a. $(3+2x)^3=3^3+3.3^2.2x+3.3.(2x)^2+(2x)^3$

$=8x^3+36x^2+54x+27$

b.

$(\frac{1}{2}-y)^3=(\frac{1}{2})^3-3.(\frac{1}{2})^2.y+3.\frac{1}{2}y^2-y^3$

$=-y^3+\frac{3}{2}y^2-\frac{3}{4}y+\frac{1}{8}$

c.

$(x-5)(x^2+5x+25)=(x-5)^2(x^2+5x+5^2)$

$=x^3-5^3=x^3-125$

d.

$(3x+\frac{1}{2})(9x^2-\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{4})$

$=(3x+\frac{1}{2})[(3x)^2-3x.\frac{1}{2}+(\frac{1}{2})^2]$

$=(3x)^3+(\frac{1}{2})^3=27x^3+\frac{1}{8}$

2.a) \(8x^2-4x=0\Rightarrow4x\left(2x-1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x=0\\2x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(5x\left(x-3\right)+7\left(x-3\right)=0\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(5x+7\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\5x+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-1.4\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(2x^2=x\Rightarrow2x^2-x=0\Rightarrow x\left(2x-1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=0.5\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) \(x^3=x^5\Rightarrow x^3-x^5=0\Rightarrow x^3\left(1-x^2\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow x^3\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^3=0\\1-x=0\\1+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

e) \(x^2\left(x+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x\right)=0\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)x\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x+1=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

g. \(x\left(2x-3\right)-2\left(3-2x\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x\left(2x-3\right)+2\left(2x-3\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1.5\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\left(x-1\right)^3\)

\(=x^3-3x^2+3x-1\)

b) \(\left(2x-3y\right)^3\)

\(=\left(2x\right)^3-3\left(2x\right)^23y+3.2x\left(3y\right)^3+\left(3y\right)^3\)

\(=8x^3-36x^2y+54xy^2-27y^3\)

Bài 3: 

a: Ta có: \(\left(x-2\right)^3-x^2\left(x-6\right)=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-8-x^3+6x^2=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12x=13\)

hay \(x=\dfrac{13}{12}\)

b: Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1-x^3+4x=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x=5\)

hay \(x=\dfrac{5}{4}\)

Do 2^x là số chẵn và 2^x+x^x+3=114

=>x^x+3 là số chẵn =>x={0;2;4;...}

Với x=0 thì 2⁰+0³=114(L)

Với x=2 thì 2²+2⁵=114(L)

Với x=4 thì 2⁴+4⁷=144 (L)

Do x=4 thì vế trái > vế phải => x>4  thì vế trái càng lớn > vế phải

=>PT trên vô nghiệm

bạn ấy nói có sai đó

2^x cũng lẻ khi x = 0 mà!