\(\begin{array}{l} - 2{x^3}{y^4}:D = x{y^2}\\ \Rightarrow D =  - 2{x^3}{y^4}:x{y^2} =  - 2{x^2}{y^2}\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {10{x^5}{y^2} - 6{x^3}{y^4} + 8{x^2}{y^5}} \right):\left( { - 2{x^2}{y^2}} \right)\\ = \left( {10{x^5}{y^2}} \right):\left( { - 2{x^2}{y^2}} \right) - \left( {6{x^3}{y^4}} \right):\left( { - 2{x^2}{y^2}} \right) + \left( {8{x^2}{y^5}} \right):\left( { - 2{x^2}{y^2}} \right)\\ =  - 5{x^3} + 3x{y^2} - 4{y^3}\end{array}\)

Bài 2:

\(M=x^2-2xy+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(-3\right)^2=9\)

\(N=x^2+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2+2xy=9+2.10=29\)

\(P=x^3-3x^2y+3xy^2-y^3=\left(x-y\right)^3=\left(-3\right)^3=-27\)

\(Q=x^3-y^3=\left(x-y\right)^3+3xy\left(x-y\right)=\left(-3\right)^3+3.10.\left(-3\right)=-117\)

Bài 1:

a)  \(A=x^2+2xy+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(-1\right)^2=1\)

b)  \(B=x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=\left(-1\right)^2-2.\left(-12\right)=25\)

c)  \(C=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3=\left(-1\right)^3=-1\)

d)  \(D=x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)=\left(-1\right)^3-3.\left(-12\right).\left(-1\right)=-37\)

a) Ta có : \(\left(x+y\right)^3=1^3=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy=1\) ( do x + y = 1 )

1.

Ta có :

x+y=1

=> ( x+y) ² = 1² = 1

<=> x² + 2xy +y² = 1

mà x²+y² = 13

<=> 2xy = 1 -13 = -12

<=> xy = -6

Ta lại có :

x³ +y³ = (x+y)(x² + y² -xy )

mà x+y = 1 ; x² + y² = 13 ; xy = -6

=> x³ + y³ = 1 [ 13 - (- 6)]

=> x³ + y³ = 1(13+6)

=> x³ +y³ = 19

Lời giải:
\(D=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{xy}{x^2+xy+y^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}+\frac{xy}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)

\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{xy}+\frac{xy}{x^2+xy+y^2}-1\)

\(\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{9xy}+\frac{xy}{x^2+xy+y^2}+\frac{8(x^2+xy+y^2)}{9xy}-1\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:

\(\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{9xy}+\frac{xy}{x^2+xy+y^2}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{9xy}.\frac{xy}{x^2+xy+y^2}}=\frac{2}{3}\)

\(x^2+y^2\geq 2xy\Rightarrow \frac{8(x^2+xy+y^2)}{9xy}\geq \frac{8.3xy}{9xy}=\frac{8}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow D\geq \frac{2}{3}+\frac{8}{3}-1=\frac{7}{3}=D_{\min}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y$