- Are you reading a book? – No, I’m not.

(Bạn đang đọc sách à? – Không.)

- Are you reading newspaper? – Yes, I am!

(Bạn đang đọc báo à? – Đúng rồi.)

1. I’m running. (Tôi đang chạy.)

2. I’m walking. (Tôi đang đi bộ.)

3. I’m swimming. (Tôi đang bơi.)

4. I’m cooking. (Tôi đang nấu ăn.)

5. I’m writing an email. (Tôi đang viết thư điện tử.)

6. I’m talking on the mobile phone. (Tôi đang nói chuyện qua điện thoại.)

7. I’m listening to music in English. (Tôi đang nghe nhạc tiếng Anh.)

8. I’m watching a football match. (Tôi đang xem trận bóng đá.)

9. I’m doing morning exercise. (Tôi đang tập thể dục buổi sáng.)

10. I’m climbing on a tree. (Tôi đang trèo cây.)

- Are you reading a book? – No, I’m not.

(Bạn đang đọc sách à? – Không.)

- Are you reading newspaper? – Yes, I am!

(Bạn đang đọc báo à? – Đúng rồi.)

1. I’m running. (Tôi đang chạy.)

2. I’m walking. (Tôi đang đi bộ.)

3. I’m swimming. (Tôi đang bơi.)

4. I’m cooking. (Tôi đang nấu ăn.)

5. I’m writing an email. (Tôi đang viết thư điện tử.)

6. I’m talking on the mobile phone. (Tôi đang nói chuyện qua điện thoại.)

7. I’m listening to music in English. (Tôi đang nghe nhạc tiếng Anh.)

8. I’m watching a football match. (Tôi đang xem trận bóng đá.)

9. I’m doing morning exercise. (Tôi đang tập thể dục buổi sáng.)

10. I’m climbing on a tree. (Tôi đang trèo cây.)

A: What sport is this? (Đây là môn thể thao nào?)

B: Is this hockey? (Đây có phải là khúc côn cầu không?)

A: No, it isn’t. (Không, không phải.)

C: Is it rugby? (Nó có phải là bóng bầu dục không?)

A: Yes, it is. (Đúng vậy.)

Student A: What sport is this? (Đây là môn thể thao nào?)

Student B: Is this hockey? (Đây có phải là môn khúc côn cầu không?)

Student A: No, it isn’t. (Không, không phải.)

Student C: Is it golf? (Có phải môn đánh gôn không?)

Student A: Yes, that right. (Vâng, đúng vậy.)

Student A: What sport is it? (Đó là môn thể thao nào?)

Student C: Is this tennis? (Đây là quần vợt à?)

Student A: No, it isn't tennis. (Không, đó không phải là quần vợt.)

Student B: Is this table tennis? (Đây là bóng bàn à?)

Student A: Yes, you’re right. So B has 1 correct answer and C has 2 correct answers. C is the winner.

(Đúng, bạn nói đúng. Vậy B có 1 câu trả lời đúng và C có 2 câu trả lời đúng. C là người chiến thắng.)

a)làm việc theo nhóm.Nghĩ một số hoạt động(chẳng hạn như nghe nhạc, chơi bóng rổ hay đi shoping) và thực hiện một bảng như bảng trong 2. Một học sinh trong nhóm hỏi các thành viên khác của nhóm về số lần họ làm những hoạt động trong khi một học sinh trong nhóm ghi lại câu trả lời

B) bây giờ như một nhóm, viết báo cáo ngắn về những gì bạn đã tìm thấy.Dùng bài báo cáo trong 2 ví dụ trên

dễ thế mà cx phải hỏi sao hả bà?????

In this section you will find after the passage a number of questions about the passage. You must choose the one which you think fits best . Write your answers in the spaces below (1.0pt)

Paper is named for papyrus, a reed like plant used by ancient Egyptians as writing material more than 5000 years ago. The Chinese invented the paper that we use 2000 years ago.

A piece of paper is really made up of tiny fibers, unlike a piece of material. The fibers used in paper, however, are plant fibers, and there are millions of them in one sheet. In addition to the plant fiber, dyes and additives such as resin may be used. Dyes can make the paper different colors; resin may add weight and texture.

Where do these fibers come from ? The majority of paper is made from the plant fiber that comes from trees. Millions are cut down, but new trees are planted in their place. Paper may be also made from things like old rags or pieces of cloth. Wastepaper, paper that has been made and used, can be turned into recycled paper. This recycling process saves forest, energy and reduces air and water pollution.

1. According to the passage, the paper that we use was first invented by

A. the Chinese B. the Egyptians C. ancient cultures D. foresters

2. What is the main ingredient in most paper ?

A. resin B. cardboard C. plant fiber D. papyrus

3. According to the passage, the primary source of the plant fiber used in paper is

A. rags B. trees C. fabric D. wastepaper

4. According to the passage, recycling paper is

A. bad for the environment C. good for the environment

B. wasteful D. economical

5. According to the passage, recycling paper does all of the following EXCEPT

A. reduce the need for ink C. save energy

B. save forests D. reduce air pollution

giu;p mik di

Rearrange these sentences in the correct order to have meaningful instructions.

A. How to recycle glass.

1.) Then wash the glass with a detergent liquid.

2.) Dry the glass pieces completely.

3.) Melt the mixture unitl it becomes a liquid.

4.) Break the glass into small pieces.

5.) Use a long pipe, put it into the liquid, then blow the liquid into intended shapes.

6.) Mix them with certain specific chemicals.

4-1-2-3-6-5

B. How to recycle paper.

1.) Put the mashed paper into another bucket and add an equal volume of water . Mix the paper and the water together.

2.) Use a wooden spoon to mash the paper . Plece some wire net in the mixture and liftit out.

3.) Wait about 5 minutes. Take the net off the cloth

4.) soak old paper in a bucket of water overnight.

5.) Wrap some heavy books in plastic bag and place them on the cloth. Take the books out of the cloth and take the paper out to dry in the sunlight.

6.) Put the net on the cloth . Press the net down on the cloth.

4-2-1-3-5-6

Rearrange these sentences in the correct order to have meaningful instructions.

A. How to recycle glass.

1.) Then wash the glass with a detergent liquid.

2.) Dry the glass pieces completely.

3.) Melt the mixture unitl it becomes a liquid.

4.) Break the glass into small pieces.

5.) Use a long pipe, put it into the liquid, then blow the liquid into intended shapes.

6.) Mix them with certain specific chemicals.

4-1-2-3-6-5

B. How to recycle paper.

1.) Put the mashed paper into another bucket and add an equal volume of water . Mix the paper and the water together.

2.) Use a wooden spoon to mash the paper . Plece some wire net in the mixture and liftit out.

3.) Wait about 5 minutes. Take the net off the cloth

4.) soak old paper in a bucket of water overnight.

5.) Wrap some heavy books in plastic bag and place them on the cloth. Take the books out of the cloth and take the paper out to dry in the sunlight.

6.) Put the net on the cloth . Press the net down on the

1. Write about a natural disaster you have read about.

The most destructive disaster that I have experienced was the flood in 2012, in Thanh Hoa province. It had been raining heavily for many days. All homes, trees and animals were flooded. The water got to the roof of houses. Damage was caused to property and people. Many people were injured and died. Rescue workers helped people trapped in the flooded houses and they brought people who were left homeless to safe place. My house was flooded but we had been evacuated before. Although the time has gone by, I still can’t forget that terrible disaster.

2. Write a passage describing the schedule for your visit (Choose 4 activities that you would like to do in a 2 day visit to Washington D.C., the capital of the USA.)

This is the schedule for our group’s 2-day visit to Washington DC. On the first day, we plan to expore the city on a hop-on-hop-off trolley at 9 am. Then at 1: 00 we are visiting the White house , where the President of the USA lives. On the second day, we are taking the shuttle bus to visit the National Children’s museum at 8:00. Then at 14-00 we plan to cycle on bike trails in Nationa park.

3)
Water pollution has become a growing concern over the last century as more and more waste is being disposed of in our oceans, rivers and lakes.

This increase in pollution is harming our food supplies, drinking water and environment.

It is also creating issues in the oceans ecosystem and hurting the animals and plant life that rely on the ocean and rivers for their survival.

This article will provide you with an in depth explanation of what water pollution is, the causes and effects associated with water pollution and what can be done to prevent or even reverse the condition of water pollution.

WHAT IS WATER POLLUTION?

Water pollution is caused by the intentional or unintentional release of toxic chemicals/materials, contaminants and harmful compounds into various bodies of water such as rivers, lakes and the ocean.

Without proper disposal or filtration of these pollutants they can spread throughout the water and effect all living animals and organisms that come into contact with it by contaminating any living thing that requires water for survival.

In addition to harming animals water pollution can also affect plants, trees, the soil and other natural materials and resources of the earth.

WATER POLLUTION CAUSES, EFFECTS AND CONSEQUENCES

Water pollution may be caused by any hazardous substance or material that makes contact with the earths water supply.

This may include oil from oil tankers and oil refineries, garbage from construction sites, city streets and residential lawns, improper disposal of hazardous materials from garbage disposal companies, chemical spills and improper chemical disposal, sewage leaks and agricultural runoffs just to name a few.

Water pollution is generally caused by human actives but may also be caused by natural resources.

When water is polluted it is usually defined as either being polluted from point sources or non point sources.

Point source pollution occurs from a specific location by a single source such as a large factory, oil refinery or hauling ship that contributed a massive amount of pollution within a single area.

This large scale pollution can then be spread across large bodies of water affecting many miles of water, agricultural land, animal habitats and oceanic ecosystems.

Non point source pollution can occur from many different areas that all contribute to a body of water.

This can occur from large neighborhoods with poor residential lawn quality from sewage leaks and other types of contaminants, city streets where garbage and chemicals are not disposed of properly and large agricultural areas that use harmful chemicals which runoff into a body of water and contribute to other sources of water pollution.

When people rely on a specific body of water for drinking, cleaning and other purposes and that water becomes polluted it can become a major issue.

Once water becomes polluted it becomes unsafe for consumption due to the dangerous or toxic materials that are contained within the water.

If contaminated water is consumed it could lead to sickness, infections, exposure to diseases and even death.

While pollution is a growing concern determining what water is polluted isn’t always easy when observed by the naked eye or our taste buds.

Water may appear to be clean for consumption however it may have hidden pollutants that can affect our bodies as well as animals, plants and various other organisms.

In order to determine the health of water (especially clear, clean looking water) researchers and scientists often need to perform special tests.

If the water is considered contaminated it will need to go through a filtration and removal process before it can become drinkable or even sustainable for numerous animal species that inhibit that body of water.

Sadly the issue of water pollution is even more severe in third world countries where there is no way to properly dispose of poisonous chemicals/materials and polluted water cannot easily be cleaned or treated.

In these countries people often end up reusing polluted water which can lead to many of the issues described previously such as birth deformities, sickness, disease and death.

In addition to being affected by water pollution these countries do not have the medical staff or antibiotics necessary to deal with those who become sick and ill from water pollution.

Finding a way to develop cheap filtration systems and better waste disposal management systems is going to be a vital step towards improving the health of our drinking water and the bodies of water that surround us.

These are a few of the most common causes and effects of water pollution:

Causes of water pollution

1) Water pollution may be caused by the intentional or unintentional disposal of hazardous chemicals and materials into a body of water.

2) Rainfall may cause polluted landscapes to disperse their poisonous materials into the water and poison the surrounding water.

3) Water pollution may also be caused by specific points or contributing factors such as large factories, oil refineries, construction sites, chemical waste management facilities, dump sites and other large scale operations that store/produce large amounts of chemical/hazardous waste.

Effects of water pollution1) Toxic rainfall can occur in areas where water and/or air is polluted with toxic chemicals and materials.2) Polluted water can lead to sickness, disease, infections, deformities and even death among animals and plant life.3) Once water becomes polluted it can affect people and animals either directly through consumption or indirectly through food sources, land degradation and the overabundance of plants and algae which can cover the surface of various bodies of water making it undrinkable and affecting the animals that live in that body of water.
As you can see there are a number of different factors that can contribute to the ongoing issues we are facing with water pollution.It not only harms us and the land we live on, it also affects animals and the oceans ecosystem.
WATER POLLUTION, ANIMALS AND THE ECOSYSTEM

As stated earlier in addition to being harmful to humans water pollution also plays a big factor in the survival of animals, plant life and various ecological factors.

Animals and plants may be even more affected by water pollution than humans and land dwelling animals, especially those that live in and around the ocean such as fish and marine mammals like whales.

Water pollution may either affect the animal directly such as in the case of fish that rely on clean water to pull oxygen from and indirectly by affecting algae growth which limits the amount of sunlight that can penetrate the water.

In the case of whales and other marine mammals they may either be affected through cuts or wounds that allow the poisonous water to enter their flesh and blood stream or through the prey they consume such as fish.

Fish, marine birds and other oceanic animals that have been affected by pollution have been known to become sick, diseased and in some cases born with deformities.

Furthermore once these animals are poisoned they are no longer safe for human or animal consumption.

Species that consume poisoned food may be affected by the same factors as the poisoned fish/prey they consume.

In regards to plant life algae and other organisms may experience overgrowth or abnormalities that can affect the suns ability to shine through the water further preventing the water from being clean and minimize ability of fish and other gill bearing animals to extract clean oxygen from the water.

MINIMIZING WATER POLLUTION AND IMPROVING THE ENVIRONMENT

In order for countries to keep their water clean and uncontaminated there are a number of factors that can be implemented to insure that the water on our earth remains clean and if contaminated can be filtered so that the poisonous materials can be removed.

For beginners factories, construction sites, chemical waste facilities and other large buildings that create large amounts of pollution should make sure that their waste is being disposed of properly.

Proper disposal/containment of toxic chemicals/materials before they have an opportunity to reach our oceans and lakes would go a long way towards improving the current condition of our water.

Second, by implementing renewable energy sources to run these large operations companies can obtain their energy from eco-friendly sources that do not harm or pollute the atmosphere.

For example solar energy, wind turbines and hydro power are all pollution free methods of obtaining power from the earths natural resources without harming the earths existing natural resources to obtain this energy.

Third, eco-friendly chemicals should be used to replace toxic cleaning chemicals, sprays and other supplies.

These chemicals are extremely helpful as they do not contaminate the water they come into contact with so if they go down a drain pipe or sewage drain there is little or at least less negative consequence.

With that said even eco-friendly chemicals should be disposed of properly and with caution.

Fourth, toxic fumes created from industrial zones should be filtered, rerouted and cleaned before making their way to the atmosphere.

In fact the use of renewable energy sources can help eliminate the creation of toxic fumes and provide better airflow.

Toxic fumes may also contribute to water pollution as they can be carried to different areas by the wind and heavy rainfall can help spread the toxic debris into various water systems.

Fifth, companies that develop products and goods should focus on developing materials that are eco-friendly and recyclable.

The more recyclable components their are in the products they sell the better it is for the environment and by allowing people to reship or resell the old materials companies can save money by reusing the parts that they obtain.

Sixth, reduce, recycle & reuse. Companies can find better ways to reduce the amount of materials they use to create their products, recycle left over materials and reuse or re-purpose materials that may not work with their existing products.

These are just some of the steps companies and organizations that produce toxic waste and pollutants can take to reduce the amount of pollution that hits our waters.

HOW YOU CAN HELP

If you would like to limit the amount of pollution you produce and thus help keep the oceans, rivers and lakes clean there are a number of things you can do.

Keep your car well maintained and immediately service it if you notice any oil leaking from the car
Replace your air fresheners with eco-friendly candles, incense and/or potpourri
Purchase environmentally friendly cleaning products that do not harm the land if they happen to be flushed or emptied into a drain
Reduce the amount of power you use and purchase energy saving light bulbs and appliances. This helps reduce the amount of emissions being released by utility companies and your own home products.
Conserve your water usage and don’t leave water running when you are not using it
Reduce, recycle & reuse materials that you have purchased. Plastics and papers may be sent to the recycling bin while some of your glass materials may be able to be reused or re-purposed
Make sure non recyclable waste is contained properly so that it does not spill into the land, street drain sewage drain
Purchase local food that has been grown from healthy agricultural farms that don’t use polluting fertilizers and pesticides
Purchase eco-friendly lawn fertilizers and pesticides for your own lawn in order to prevent your lawn from becoming toxic and prevent possible hazardass chemicals from entering street drains
Recycle old clothing by giving it away to shelters and non for profit re sellers. Not only does it lower the amount of garbage you produce it also allows you go give to a cause and help the community
Use a reusable grocery bag rather than the plastic bags offered at grocery stores when shopping for food to minimize your plastic waste
Eliminate unnecessary mail and have your bills sent to you by email. This helps protect the trees and reduce the amount of paper you have to dispose of later
Properly dispose of toxic chemicals rather than dropping them down the drain. You can do an online search for local toxic chemical disposal areas near you
As you can see there are a lot of things you can do to help reduce the amount of pollution you produce.

Even if you only implement a few of these strategies you could end up reducing a ton of waste and unnecessary garbage that is created in daily life.

10 THOUGHT PROVOKING FACTS ABOUT WATER POLLUTION

1) Over half a billion people live in areas where they consume and rely on polluted water for their survival

2) Large ships such as transportation vessels and cruise ships are a large contributers to the current condition of water pollution

3) Many of today’s fertilizers and pesticides carry toxic chemicals that can spill into the ocean, sewage drains, lakes and rivers harming marine life and the animals that drink the water

4) Only 3% of the worlds water is considered freshwater

5) Locations such as Bangladesh, India and China are suffering from high levels of water pollution with limited options for disposing of toxic chemicals/materials which threaten the lives of the people living in these areas

6) The majority of freshwater is found in lakes, rivers, ice and glaciers

7) Poorly contained toxic materials such as garbage, fertilizer and poisonous chemicals can be picked up by the rain or running water and make its way into local rivers, lakes and the ocean without being treated or filtered

8) The same chemicals used to keep our homes clean and maintain our automobiles are highly toxic and can find there way into our water systems of not disposed of properly

9) It is estimated that as many as 100,000 marine mammals are killed every year by pollution

10) In areas that are highly polluted the opportunities of getting lung cancer, heart disease and other life threatening ailments is significantly higher

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P/S: có một sự khôg chắc "nhẹ"

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