a)

\(M=\sqrt{9+4\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+4\sqrt{5}+5}-\sqrt{4-4\sqrt{5}+5}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}\)

\(=\left|2+\sqrt{5}\right|-\left|2-\sqrt{5}\right|\)

\(=2+\sqrt{5}-\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)\) (vì \(2+2\sqrt{5}>0;2-\sqrt{5}< 0\) )

\(=2+\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5}+2\\ =4\)

b)

\(N=\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{7}}\)

\(=\sqrt{7-2\sqrt{7}+1}-\sqrt{7+2\sqrt{7}+1}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}+1\right)^2}\)

\(=\left|\sqrt{7}-1\right|-\left|\sqrt{7}+1\right|\)

\(=\sqrt{7}-1-\left(\sqrt{7}+1\right)\) (vì \(\sqrt{7}-1>0;\sqrt{7}+1>0\) )

\(=\sqrt{7}-1-\sqrt{7}-1\\ =-2\)

\(A=\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{3+1+2\sqrt{3.1}}-\sqrt{3+1-2\sqrt{3.1}}\)

\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}+1)^2}-\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}-1)^2}=|\sqrt{3}+1|-|\sqrt{3}-1|=2\)

\(B=\sqrt{4+5-2\sqrt{4.5}}+\sqrt{4+5+2\sqrt{4.5}}=\sqrt{(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{5})^2}+\sqrt{(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5})^2}\)

\(=|\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{5}|+|\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}|=2\sqrt{5}\)

\(C\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{7}}=\sqrt{7+1-2\sqrt{7.1}}-\sqrt{7+1+2\sqrt{7.1}}\)

\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{7}-1)^2}-\sqrt{(\sqrt{7}+1)^2}\)

\(=|\sqrt{7}-1|-|\sqrt{7}+1|=-2\Rightarrow C=-\sqrt{2}\)

----------------------------

\(7+4\sqrt{3}=(2+\sqrt{3})^2\Rightarrow 10\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}=10(2+\sqrt{3})\)

\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{48-10\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}}=\sqrt{28-10\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{(5-\sqrt{3})^2}=5-\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow 3+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}}=3+5(5-\sqrt{3})=28-5\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow D=\sqrt{5\sqrt{28-5\sqrt{3}}}\)

Cách 1:

\(E=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}\)

\(=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})^2}\)

\(=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})=(4+\sqrt{15})(8-2\sqrt{15})\)

\(=2(4+\sqrt{15})(4-\sqrt{15})=2(16-15)=2\)

Cách 2:

\(E^2=(4+\sqrt{15})^2(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{6})^2(4-\sqrt{15})=(4+\sqrt{15})(4-\sqrt{15})(4+\sqrt{15}).(16-4\sqrt{15})\)

\(=(16-15)(4+\sqrt{15})(4-\sqrt{15}).4=(16-15)(16-15).4=4\)

Vì $E>0$ nên $E=2$

`a)\sqrt{9-4sqrt5}-sqrt5`

`=sqrt{5-2.2sqrt5+4}-sqrt5`

`=sqrt{(sqrt5-2)^2}-sqrt5`

`=|\sqrt5-2|-sqrt5`

`=sqrt5-2-sqrt5=-2`

`b)\sqrt{7-4sqrt3}+sqrt{4-2sqrt3}`

`=\sqrt{4-2.2sqrt3+3}+\sqrt{3-2sqrt3+1}`

`=sqrt{(2-sqrt3)^2}+sqrt{(sqrt3-1)^2}`

`=|2-sqrt3|+|sqrt3-1|`

`=2-sqrt3+sqrt3-1=1`

`c)(x-49)/(sqrtx-7)(x>=0,x ne 49)`

`=((sqrtx-7)(sqrtx+7))/(sqrtx-7)`

`=sqrtx+7`

`d)\sqrt{4+2\sqrt3}-\sqrt{13+4sqrt3}`

`=\sqrt{3+2sqrt3+1}-\sqrt{12+2.2sqrt3+1}`

`=sqrt{(sqrt3+1)^2}-\sqrt{(2sqrt3+1)^2}`

`=sqrt3+1-2sqrt3-1=-sqrt3`

`e)2+sqrt{17-4sqrt{9+4sqrt{45}}}`(câu này hơi sai)

Lời giải:

a. \(\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{1}+1}=\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-1)^2}=\sqrt{5}-1\)

b. \(\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{4}.\sqrt{3}+3}=\sqrt{(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3})^2}=\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}=2-\sqrt{3}\)

c.

\(\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{6-4\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2-2\sqrt{2}+1}-\sqrt{4-4\sqrt{2}+2}\)

\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}-1)^2}-\sqrt{(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{2})^2}\)

\(=|\sqrt{2}-1|-|\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{2}|=\sqrt{2}-1-(2-\sqrt{2})=2\sqrt{2}-3\)

d.

\(=\sqrt{13+30\sqrt{2+\sqrt{(\sqrt{8}+1)^2}}}=\sqrt{13+30\sqrt{2+\sqrt{8}+1}}\)

\(=\sqrt{13+30\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}}=\sqrt{13+30\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}+1)^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{13+30(\sqrt{2}+1)}=\sqrt{43+30\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{18+2\sqrt{18.25}+25}\)

\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{25})^2}=\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{25}=5+3\sqrt{2}\)

a) \(\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{5}-1\)

b) \(\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}}=2-\sqrt{3}\)

c) \(\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{6-4\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}-1-2+\sqrt{2}=-3+2\sqrt{2}\)

d) Ta có: \(\sqrt{13+30\sqrt{2+\sqrt{9+4\sqrt{2}}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{13+30\sqrt{2+1+2\sqrt{2}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{13+30\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{43+30\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=5+3\sqrt{2}\)

a: =(2căn 3-8căn 3)(căn 3-1)

=-6căn 3*(căn 3-1)

=-18+6căn 3

b: \(=\dfrac{6-2\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}-3}-\sqrt{5}+2\)

=-2-căn 5+2=-căn 5

c: \(=3\sqrt{2a}-3a\sqrt{2a}+2\sqrt{2a}-\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot8\sqrt{2a}\)

=\(3\sqrt{2a}-3a\cdot\sqrt{2a}\)

a)2

b)-0,4

c)7

a) \(\sqrt{25-9}\) = \(\sqrt{16}\) = 4

b) \(\sqrt{0,01}-\sqrt{0,25}\) = 0,1 - 0,5 =  -0,4

c)\(\sqrt{2.2^2+4^2}+5^2\) = \(\sqrt{2.4+16+25}\) = \(\sqrt{8+16+25}\) = \(\sqrt{49}\) = 7

a.

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}-\sqrt{5\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)}+2\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+2}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}-\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+2}\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}-\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}\left(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}-\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}.1=0\)

b.

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}+\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}-\sqrt{2\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}-\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}.\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}-\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}=0\)

a,\(\left(\sqrt{1\dfrac{9}{16}}-\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{16}}\right):5=\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{16}}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right):5=\left(\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right):5\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}:5=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

b,\(\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)^2\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)^2=\left[\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)\right]^2\)

\(=\left[3-4\right]^2=1\)

c,\(\left(11-4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(11+4\sqrt{3}\right)=11^2-\left(4\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)

\(=121-48=73\)

d,\(\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2-\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{\left(-2\right)^2}+\dfrac{4\sqrt{2}}{5}+\sqrt{1\dfrac{11}{25}}.\sqrt{2}\)

\(=2-2\sqrt{2}+1-3+\dfrac{4\sqrt{2}}{5}+\sqrt{\dfrac{36}{25}.2}\)

\(=-2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{4\sqrt{2}+6\sqrt{2}}{5}\)

\(=-2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{10\sqrt{2}}{5}=-2\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{2}=0\)

e,\(\left(1+\sqrt{2021}\right)\sqrt{2022-2\sqrt{2021}}\)

\(=\left(1+\sqrt{2021}\right)\sqrt{2021-2\sqrt{2021}.1+1}\)

\(=\left(1+\sqrt{2021}\right)\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2021}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(1+\sqrt{2021}\right)\left(\sqrt{2021}-1\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{2021}-1+\sqrt{2021^2}-\sqrt{2021}=2020\)

b: \(=16-2\cdot4\cdot2\sqrt{5}+20-9-4\sqrt{5}\)

=27-20căn 5

a: 2-4căn 3<0

nên biểu thức ko có giá trị

\(b,\left(4-2\sqrt{5}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)^2\\ =\left[\left(4-2\sqrt{5}\right)-\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)\right].\left[\left(4-2\sqrt{5}\right)+\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)\right]=\left(2-3\sqrt{5}\right)\left(6-\sqrt{5}\right)\)

`b)(4-2\sqrt5)^2-(\sqrt5+2)^2`

`=(4-2\sqrt5-\sqrt5-2)(4-2\sqrt5+\sqrt5+2)`

`=(2-3\sqrt5)(6-\sqrt5)`

$---------$

Áp dụng HĐT :

`a^2-b^2=(a-b)(a+b)`

\(a,=\dfrac{\sqrt{7}-5}{2}-\dfrac{3-\sqrt{7}}{2}+\dfrac{6\left(\sqrt{7}+2\right)}{3}-\dfrac{5\left(4-\sqrt{7}\right)}{9}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{7}-5-3+\sqrt{7}}{2}+2\sqrt{7}+4-\dfrac{20-5\sqrt{7}}{9}\\ =\dfrac{2\sqrt{7}-8}{2}+2\sqrt{7}+4-\dfrac{20-5\sqrt{7}}{9}\\ =\sqrt{7}-4+2\sqrt{7}+4-\dfrac{20-5\sqrt{7}}{9}\\ =\dfrac{27\sqrt{7}-20+5\sqrt{7}}{9}=\dfrac{32\sqrt{7}-20}{9}\)

\(b,=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}{2}+\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{6}-2\right)}{2}+\dfrac{5\sqrt{6}}{6}\\ =\sqrt{6}+2+\sqrt{6}-2+\dfrac{5\sqrt{6}}{6}\\ =\dfrac{12\sqrt{6}+5\sqrt{6}}{6}=\dfrac{17\sqrt{6}}{6}\)

\(c,=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}}{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2-5}\\ =\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}}{5+2\sqrt{6}-5}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{6}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{30}}{6}\)