1.

Đặt \(x-2=t\ne0\Rightarrow x=t+2\)

\(B=\dfrac{4\left(t+2\right)^2-6\left(t+2\right)+1}{t^2}=\dfrac{4t^2+10t+5}{t^2}=\dfrac{5}{t^2}+\dfrac{2}{t}+4=5\left(\dfrac{1}{t}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)^2+\dfrac{19}{5}\ge\dfrac{19}{5}\)

\(B_{min}=\dfrac{19}{5}\) khi \(t=-5\) hay \(x=-3\)

2.

Đặt \(x-1=t\ne0\Rightarrow x=t+1\)

\(C=\dfrac{\left(t+1\right)^2+4\left(t+1\right)-14}{t^2}=\dfrac{t^2+6t-9}{t^2}=-\dfrac{9}{t^2}+\dfrac{6}{t}+1=-\left(\dfrac{3}{t}-1\right)^2+2\le2\)

\(C_{max}=2\) khi \(t=3\) hay \(x=4\)

b: Ta có: \(B=-2x^2+4x+1\)

\(=-2\left(x^2-2x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)

\(=-2\left(x^2-2x+1-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)

\(=-2\left(x-1\right)^2+3\le3\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1

a) \(4x^2+12x+1=\left(4x^2+12x+9\right)-8=\left(2x+3\right)^2-8\ge-8\)

\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

b) \(4x^2-3x+10=\left(4x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+\dfrac{151}{16}=\left(2x-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{151}{16}\ge\dfrac{151}{16}\)

\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{8}\)

c) \(2x^2+5x+10=\left(2x^2+5x+\dfrac{25}{8}\right)+\dfrac{55}{8}=\left(\sqrt{2}x+\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{55}{8}\ge\dfrac{55}{8}\)

\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{4}\)

d) \(x-x^2+2=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{9}{4}=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{4}\le\dfrac{9}{4}\)

\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

e) \(2x-2x^2=-2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

f) \(4x^2+2y^2+4xy+4y+5=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1=\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)

\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: Ta có: \(4x^2+12x+1\)

\(=4x^2+12x+9-8\)

\(=\left(2x+3\right)^2-8\ge-8\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

b: Ta có: \(4x^2-3x+10\)

\(=4\left(x^2-\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)

\(=4\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{9}{64}+\dfrac{151}{64}\right)\)

\(=4\left(x-\dfrac{3}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{151}{16}\ge\dfrac{151}{16}\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{3}{8}\)

c: Ta có: \(2x^2+5x+10\)

\(=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{5}{2}x+5\right)\)

\(=2\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{25}{16}+\dfrac{55}{16}\right)\)

\(=2\left(x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{55}{8}\ge\dfrac{55}{8}\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{5}{4}\)

a)

Ta có:

\(A=x^2-2x-1=x^2-2x+1-2=\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)

\(\ge0-2=-2\)

Vậy \(A_{min}=-2\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

b)\(B=4x^2+4x+8=4x^2+4x+1+7\)

\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+7\ge0+7=7\)

Vậy \(B_{min}=7\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(2x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)

c)

Ta có:

\(C=3x-x^2+2=2-\left(x^2-3x\right)\)

\(=2+\dfrac{9}{4}-\left(x^2-2x.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{17}{4}-\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{17}{4}-0=\dfrac{17}{4}\)

Vậy \(C_{max}=\dfrac{17}{4}\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

d) Ta có:

\(D=-x^2-5x=-\left(x^2+5x\right)=\dfrac{25}{4}-\left(x^2+2x.\dfrac{5}{2}+\dfrac{25}{4}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{25}{4}-\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{25}{4}-0=\dfrac{25}{4}\)

Vậy \(D_{max}=\dfrac{25}{4}\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x+\dfrac{5}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\)

e) Ta có:

\(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)

\(=x^2+4y^2+5^2-4xy+10x-20y+y^2-2y+1+2\)

\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)

\(\ge0+0+2=2\)

Vậy \(E_{min}=2\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-2y+5=y-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(A=\left(2x-1\right)^2+9\ge9\\ A_{min}=9\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ B=2\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+\dfrac{1}{8}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{8}\ge\dfrac{1}{8}\\ B_{min}=\dfrac{1}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ C=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+2\left(2x+y\right)+1+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)-4\\ C=\left[\left(2x+y\right)^2+2\left(2x+y\right)+1\right]+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\\ C=\left(2x+y+1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\ge-4\\ C_{min}=-4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-1-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(D=\left(3x-1-2x\right)^2=\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\ D_{min}=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\\ G=\left(9x^2+6xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1\\ G=\left(3x+y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\\ G_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(H=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(2y^2+4y+2\right)+2\\ H=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+2\left(y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\\ H_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=-1\)

Ta luôn có \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\ge3xy+3yz+3xz\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3^2}{3}\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow K\le3\\ K_{max}=3\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

Bài 2 :

\(A=4x^2-2.2x.2+4+1\)

\(=\left(2x-2\right)^2+1\)

Thấy : \(\left(2x-2\right)^2\ge0\)

\(A=\left(2x-2\right)^2+1\ge1\)

Vậy \(MinA=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(B=\left(5x\right)^2-2.5x.1+1-4\)

\(=\left(5x-1\right)^2-4\)

Thấy : \(\left(5x-1\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow B=\left(5x-1\right)^2-4\ge-4\)

Vậy \(MinB=-4\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(C=\left(7x\right)^2-2.7x.2+4-5\)

\(=\left(7x-2\right)^2-5\)

Thấy : \(\left(7x-2\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow C=\left(7x-2\right)^2-5\ge-5\)

Vậy \(MinC=-5\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{7}\)

\(1.\)

\(A=-x^2-10x+1=-\left(x^2+10x-1\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2+2.5x+5^2-5^2-1\right)=-\left[\left(x+5\right)^2-26\right]\)

\(=-\left(x+5\right)^2+26\le26\) dấu "=" xảy ra<=>x=-5

\(B=-4x^2-6x-5=-4\left(x^2+\dfrac{6}{4}x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right)\)

\(=-4\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{9}{16}+\dfrac{11}{16}\right)\)\(=-4\left[\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{6}\right]\le-\dfrac{11}{4}\)

\(C=-16x^2+8x-1=-16\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)

\(=-16\left(x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)=-16\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\le0\)

dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=1/4

`#3107.101107`

a)

`x^2 + 6x + 10`

`= (x^2 + 2*x*3 + 3^2) + 1`

`= (x + 3)^2 + 1`

Vì `(x + 3)^2 \ge 0` `AA` `x`

`=> (x + 3)^2 + 1 \ge 1` `AA` `x`

Vậy, GTNN của bt là 1 khi `(x + 3)^2 = 0`

`<=> x + 3 = 0`

`<=> x = -3`

b)

`4x^2 - 4x + 5`

`= [(2x)^2 - 2*2x*1 + 1^2] + 4`

`= (2x - 1)^2 + 4`

Vì `(2x - 1)^2 \ge 0` `AA` `x`

`=> (2x - 1)^2 + 4 \ge 4` `AA` `x`

Vậy, GTNN của bt là `4` khi `(2x - 1)^2 = 0`

`<=> 2x - 1 = 0`

`<=> 2x = 1`

`<=> x = 1/2`

c)

`x^2 - 3x + 1`

`= (x^2 - 2*x*3/2 + 9/4) - 5/4`

`= (x - 3/2)^2 - 5/4`

Vì `(x - 3/2)^2 \ge 0` `AA` `x`

`=> (x - 3/2)^2 - 5/4 \ge -5/4` `AA` `x`

Vậy, GTNN của bt là `-5/4` khi `(x - 3/2)^2 = 0`

`<=> x - 3/2 = 0`

`<=> x = 3/2`

1:

a: =x^2-7x+49/4-5/4

=(x-7/2)^2-5/4>=-5/4

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=7/2

b: =x^2+x+1/4-13/4

=(x+1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/2

e: =x^2-x+1/4+3/4=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2

f: x^2-4x+7

=x^2-4x+4+3

=(x-2)^2+3>=3

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2

2:

a: A=2x^2+4x+9

=2x^2+4x+2+7

=2(x^2+2x+1)+7

=2(x+1)^2+7>=7

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1

b: x^2+2x+4

=x^2+2x+1+3

=(x+1)^2+3>=3

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1